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Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies
Édition 48 (2019): Edition 2 (June 2019)
Accès libre
Potential effects of electrical energy transmission – the case study from the Polish Marine Areas (southern Baltic Sea)
Zbigniew Otremba
Zbigniew Otremba
,
Magdalena Jakubowska
Magdalena Jakubowska
,
Barbara Urban-Malinga
Barbara Urban-Malinga
et
Eugeniusz Andrulewicz
Eugeniusz Andrulewicz
| 03 juin 2019
Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies
Édition 48 (2019): Edition 2 (June 2019)
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Article Category:
Review paper
Publié en ligne:
03 juin 2019
Pages:
196 - 208
Reçu:
18 sept. 2018
Accepté:
20 nov. 2018
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1515/ohs-2019-0018
© 2019 Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, Poland
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Figure 1
Present and planned high voltage electrical power systems in the Polish Marine Areas (Andrulewicz et al. 2013, modified)
Figure 2
High voltage direct current (HVDC) transfer system – solution with a return cable, monopolar applied in the SwePol Link system (upper) and bipolar (lower)
Figure 3
Geomagnetic field induction values in the southern Baltic Sea region (GOH, 2018)
Figure 4
Typical daily (May 20, 2018) fluctuation of geomagnetic field induction in the southern Baltic Sea measured at Hel Geomagnetic Observatory (φ = 54°36.5'N, λ = 18°49.0'E), the Institute of Geophysics of the Polish Academy of Sciences (GOH, 2018)
Figure 5
Two spatial configurations of combined natural and artificial magnetic fields in the vicinity of a power (cable Bc1, Bc2 – induction from the core of the cable; Bg– geomagnetic induction; B1, B2 – resultant induction)
Figure 6
Example of modification of geomagnetic field declination in the vicinity of SwePol Link HVDC (calculated for the real data: power – 600 MW, voltage – 450 kV, distance between cables – 5 m, cable orientation – north–south)
Figure 7
Magnetic induction produced by DC flow in a single cable
Figure 8
Example of magnetic induction spatial distribution produced by a DC double cable system
Figure 9
High voltage alternating current (HVAC) transfer system – a solution with three-phase cable, (upper) and three single-phase cables (lower)
Figure 10
Example of magnetic induction spatial distribution produced by AC flow in a three-phase cable
Figure 11
High voltage direct current (HVDC) transfer system – electrode solution monopolar (upper) and bipolar (lower)
Figure 12
Electric field in the vicinity of an electrode introducing 1330 A current into seawater for selected salinity and temperature values
Figure 13
Electrical voltage generated on marine organisms of varying dimensions as a function of the distance from the electrode introducing 1330 A current into the seawater (salinity 8 PSU, temperature 5°C)