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Reproduction of Potamothrix hammoniensis (Oligochaeta) in shallow eutrophic lakes

Janusz Żbikowski
Janusz Żbikowski
, 
Daria Mimier
Daria Mimier
 et 
Elżbieta Żbikowska
Elżbieta Żbikowska
   | 18 juin 2018
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Article Category: Original research paper
Publié en ligne: 18 juin 2018
Pages: 181 - 189
Reçu: 06 sept. 2017
Accepté: 05 janv. 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ohs-2018-0017
© 2018 Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, Poland
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Location of the studied lakes in Poland
Location of the studied lakes in Poland

Figure 2

Percentage of sexually mature individuals of Potamothrix hammoniensis in the studied lakes
Percentage of sexually mature individuals of Potamothrix hammoniensis in the studied lakes

Figure 3

Percentage of sexually mature individuals of Potamothrix hammoniensis in each month M – macrophyte-dominated lakes; Ph-D – deeper phytoplankton-dominated lakes; Ph-S – shallower phytoplankton-dominated lakes
Percentage of sexually mature individuals of Potamothrix hammoniensis in each month M – macrophyte-dominated lakes; Ph-D – deeper phytoplankton-dominated lakes; Ph-S – shallower phytoplankton-dominated lakes

Figure 4

Relationship between the percentage of sexually mature individuals of Potamothrix hammoniensis and the water temperature near bottom M – macrophyte-dominated lakes; Ph-D – deeper phytoplankton-dominated lakes; Ph-S – shallower phytoplankton-dominated lakes
Relationship between the percentage of sexually mature individuals of Potamothrix hammoniensis and the water temperature near bottom M – macrophyte-dominated lakes; Ph-D – deeper phytoplankton-dominated lakes; Ph-S – shallower phytoplankton-dominated lakes

Figure 5

Relationship between the percentage of sexually mature individuals of Potamothrix hammoniensis and the oxygen concentration in the water near the bottom
Relationship between the percentage of sexually mature individuals of Potamothrix hammoniensis and the oxygen concentration in the water near the bottom

Mean values of abiotic parameters of water and bottom sediments of the studied lakes

Parameter Macrophyte-dominated lakes Phytoplankton-dominated lake
shallower deeper
Zielone Karaś Piotrkowskie Głuchowskie Ząbrowo Jeziorak∗ Stęgwica Kolmowo Silm
Secchi depth (m) 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.0 1.7 0.8 0.7 1.0 1.4
Water above the bottom
Temperature (oC) 13.5 13.4 14.0 12.6 12.3 12.1 11.2 12.3 13.4
Oxygen concentration (mg dm-3) 8.0 7.8 9.3 6.4 10.0 10.8 6.9 7.2 7.2
pH 7.5 7.9 8.0 8.6 8.3 8.7 7.2 8.5 8.0
Conductivity (μS cm-1) 100 496 253 577 428 309 199 428 425
Bottom sediments
E × D 2.4 2.7 2.2 5.5 2.7 4.4 2.9 8.3 7.6
Water content (%) 97.3 94.6 96.6 93.3 95.8 96.1 95.5 94.7 97.4
Organic matter (%)

percentage of dry mass of sediments

 78.4 39.2 64.9 32.6 49.8 51.7 54.8 34.6 58.6
Organic matter (mg)

in milligrams of dry mass per unit of fresh sediment volume (10 cm3)

 170 217 226 242 215 136 252 189 159
SOD

sediment oxygen demand (mg O2 per 20 cm3 of fresh sediments per 1 h))

 2.6 3.3 3.2 6.2 5.1 4.7 4.3 8.2 3.4

Percentage of sexually mature individuals of Potamothrix hammoniensis in the distinguished size classes

Lakes Macrophyte-dominated Ph-D Ph-S Average Average
Class Zielone Ząbrowo Karaś Piotrkowskie Głuchowskie Kolmowo Silm Stęgwica Jeziorak M Ph-D Ph-S
V 0 0 0 0 20 1 0 1 12 2 < 1 1 4
VI 3 18 0 0 67 10 24 7 19 10 7 15 10
VII 20 47 40 26 78 25 15 17 35 24 28 21 21
VIII 42 70 54 100 100 32 44 36 73 46 50 36 47
IX 62 85 83 100 100 75 92 84 82 80 75 82 83
X 85 100 100 100 80 100 67 100 90 94 92 80
XI 100 100 100 50 80 100 100 87 100 71 100
XII 100 100 100

Basic characteristics of the studied lakes

Parameter Macrophyte-dominated lakes Phytoplankton-dominated lakes
shallower deeper
Zielone Karaś Piotrkowskie Głuchowskie Ząbrowo Jeziorak

– Lake Jeziorak is the longest lake in Poland (length: 27.4 km, surface: 3230 ha). The study in this lake was carried out in a shallow bay part (its morphometry is provided in Table 1) located in the oldest southern part of the lake.

 Stęgwica Kolmowo Silm
Surface (ha) 20.2 423.3 54.4 24.1 12.7 80.0 39.7 43.4 58.8
Maximum length (m) 1375 4100 1450 740 960 2800 1880 1050 1625
Maximum width (m) 240 2250 850 475 215 1000 290 550 800
Maximum depth (m) 2.4 2.8 2.5 4.5 1.6 2.0 1.4 5.7 3.8
Mean depth (m) 1.3 0.6 1.7 2.2 1.1 1.3 1.0 3.1 2.0
Number of sampling locations 6 2 2 2 2 7 7 4 3
Depth at sampling locations (m) 1.5–2.2 1.6 ; 2.0 1.5 ; 2.0 3.0 ; 4.0 1.2 ; 1.5 1.0–1.5 1.2–1.4 2.0–3.0 3.5
Catchment

F – forest, A – agricultural, M – marsh, T – affected by tourism

 F A/M F A F/A F/T F A F
Wind exposure low high medium high low medium medium high medium
Dominating elodeid species

E.c. – Elodea canadensis, Ch.sp. – Chara sp., C.d. – Ceratophyllum demersum

 E.c. Ch.sp. Ch.sp. C.d. C.d.
Elodeid abundance

the abundance of elodeids refers to their density in the central part of the lake, assessed arbitrarily on a scale from 1 to 10, where 1 denotes the complete absence of plants, and 10 means that the macrophytes overgrow the entire water volume

 5 7 8 8 9 1 1 1 1

Number of examined individuals of Potamothrix hammoniensis – the sum of all sampling sites and dates

Lakes Macrophyte-dominated Ph-D Ph-S Sum sum
Class Zielone Ząbrowo Karaś Piotrkowskie Głuchowskie Kolmowo Silm Stęgwica Jeziorak M Ph-D Ph-S
V 163 18 31 33 5 68 11 270 95 694 250 79 365
VI 204 22 15 20 12 100 54 327 91 845 273 154 418
VII 161 17 15 19 18 57 34 230 69 620 230 91 299
VIII 109 20 13 1 6 37 18 92 37 333 149 55 129
IX 26 13 12 4 2 16 12 43 22 150 57 28 65
X 13 10 9 1 5 8 9 6 61 33 13 15
XI 2 2 1 2 5 2 1 15 5 7 3
XII 1 1 1
Sum 678 102 96 78 43 286 142 973 321 2719 997 428 1294

Values of Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient (r) and the significance level (p) between the percentage of sexually mature individuals of Potamothrix hammoniensis and the environmental variables under study. Statistically significant values are boldfaced

Statistics Near-bottom water E × D Bottom sediments
Temperature Oxygen concentration pH Conductivity WC OC (%) OC (mg) SOD
r −0.22 0.08 0.51 0.69 0.30 −0.21 −0.42 −0.10 0.22
p 0.204 0.648 0.002 < 0.000 0.080 0.226 0.012 0.568 0.204

j.ohs-2018-0017.tab.006

class width of the 8th segment (mm)
I < 0.20
II 0.21–0.30
III 0.31–0.40
IV 0.41–0.50
V 0.51–0.60
VI 0.61–0.70
VII 0.71–0.80
VIII 0.81–0.90
IX 0.91–1.00
X 1.01–1.10
XI 1.11–1.20
XII 1.21–1.30
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