This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.
WHO. The State of the World's Midwifery 2014: A Universal Pathway – a Woman's Right to Healthhttp://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/EN_SoWMy2014_complete.pdf. Accessed September 24, 2017.WHOhttp://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/EN_SoWMy2014_complete.pdfAccessed September 24, 2017Search in Google Scholar
United Nations Population Fund. Overview of Midwiveshttp://www.unfpa.org/midwifery?page=4.Accessed June 20, 2017.United Nations Population Fundhttp://www.unfpa.org/midwifery?page=4.AccessedJune 20, 2017Search in Google Scholar
Büscher A, Sivertsen B, White J. Nurses and midwives: a force for health: survey on the situation of nursing and midwifery in the Member States of the European Region of the World Health Organization, 2009. Chemistry 2010;16:611-619.BüscherASivertsenBWhiteJNurses and midwives: a force for health: survey on the situation of nursing and midwifery in the Member States of the European Region of the World Health Organization, 2009201016611–619Search in Google Scholar
National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. The Maternal Mortality Ratio and Newborn Mortality in 2014http://data.stats.gov.cn/easyquery.htm?cn=C01&zb=A0O0l&sj=2014.Accessed December 9, 2016 (in Chinese).National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of Chinahttp://data.stats.gov.cn/easyquery.htm?cn=C01&zb=A0O0l&sj=2014.AccessedDecember 9, 2016 (in Chinese)Search in Google Scholar
Lu H. The exploration of midwifery development in China. Chin Nurs Manag 2017;1:10-12 (in Chinese).LuHThe exploration of midwifery development in China2017110–12(in Chinese)Search in Google Scholar
Lu H, Hou R. Chinese midwifery workforce development and construction. China Health Hum Res 2015;10:22-24 (in Chinese).LuHHouRChinese midwifery workforce development and construction20151022–24(in Chinese)Search in Google Scholar
WHO. Making Pregnancy Safer: The Critical Role of the Skilled Attendant: A Joint Statement by WHO ICM and FIGOhttp://www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/documents/9241591692/en/ Accessed December 12, 2017.WHOhttp://www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/documents/9241591692/en/Accessed December 12, 2017Search in Google Scholar
Li DD, Luo SS, An L. Study on the current situation of midwifery personnel in China. Matern Child Health Care Chin 2014;7:993-996 (in Chinese).LiDDLuoSSAnLStudy on the current situation of midwifery personnel in China20147993–996(in Chinese)Search in Google Scholar
Hou R, Lu H. Survey on the essential competencies for midwifery practice in Beijing midwives. J Nurs Sci 2010;20:29-31 (in Chinese).HouRLuHSurvey on the essential competencies for midwifery practice in Beijing midwives20102029–31(in Chinese)Search in Google Scholar
Zhang X, Lu H. Investigation and study on current situation and influencing factors of core midwifery competency in Beijing. Matern Child Health Care China 2013;9:1462-1465 (in Chinese)..ZhangXLuHInvestigation and study on current situation and influencing factors of core midwifery competency in Beijing201391462–1465(in Chinese)Search in Google Scholar
Lu H, Hou R, Zhu X, Zhang X. Study on the core midwifery competencies and its influencing factors among midwives in Hu'nan Province. J Nurs Admin 2012;3:187-189 (in Chinese).LuHHouRZhuXZhangXStudy on the core midwifery competencies and its influencing factors among midwives in Hu'nan Province20123187–189(in Chinese)Search in Google Scholar
Hou R, Yue JY, Lu JY, Lu H. Study on needs of midwifery legislation in China. Chin Nurs Manag 2017;1:13-16.HouRYueJYLuJYLuHStudy on needs of midwifery legislation in China2017113–16Search in Google Scholar
Wagner M. Fish can't see water: the need to humanize birth. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2001;75(suppl 1):S25-S37.WagnerMFish can't see water: the need to humanize birth200175suppl 1S25–S3710.1016/S0020-7292(01)00519-7Search in Google Scholar
ICM. Global Standards for Midwifery Regulationhttp://internationalmidwives.org/assets/uploads/documents/Global%20Standards%20Comptencies%20Tools/English/GLOBAL%20STANDARDS%20FOR%20MIDWIFERY%20REG-ULATION%20ENG.pdf Accessed May 1, 2017.ICMhttp://internationalmidwives.org/assets/uploads/documents/Global%20Standards%20Comptencies%20Tools/English/GLOBAL%20STANDARDS%20FOR%20MIDWIFERY%20REG-ULATION%20ENG.pdfAccessed May 1, 2017Search in Google Scholar
Rifkin D. Midwifery: an international perspective-the need for universal legal recognition. Indiana J Global Legal Stud 1997;4:509-536.RifkinDMidwifery: an international perspective-the need for universal legal recognition19974509–536Search in Google Scholar
Ying WH. Swedish child health. Today Sci Tech 1981;9:25.YingWHSwedish child health1981925Search in Google Scholar
Wang YS. Foreign pediatric information. J Clin Pediatr 1992;1:61-62.WangYSForeign pediatric information1992161–62Search in Google Scholar
Huang QH. The basic law of the British health system. Res Rule Law 2012;8:46-59 (in Chinese).HuangQHThe basic law of the British health system2012846–59(in Chinese)Search in Google Scholar
The Swedish Association of Midwives. The Swedish Association of Midwiveshttp://www.barnmorskefor-bundet.se/english/ Accessed December 9, 2016.The Swedish Association of Midwiveshttp://www.barnmorskefor-bundet.se/english/Accessed December 9, 2016Search in Google Scholar
Chen Q. A review of the training of midwives in China and foreign countries. China Higher Med Educ 2016;4:19-20 (in Chinese).ChenQA review of the training of midwives in China and foreign countries2016419–20(in Chinese)10.1353/cri.2016.0015Search in Google Scholar
The National Board of Welfare. Description of Competence for Registered Midwiveshttp://www.barn-morskeforbundet.se/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Description-of-Competence-for-Registered-Mid-wives-Sweden-2006-Socialstyrelsen-Translated-by-The-Swedish-Association-of-Midwives.pdf.Accessed December 9, 2016.The National Board of Welfarehttp://www.barn-morskeforbundet.se/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Description-of-Competence-for-Registered-Mid-wives-Sweden-2006-Socialstyrelsen-Translated-by-The-Swedish-Association-of-Midwives.pdf.AccessedDecember 9, 2016Search in Google Scholar
Callister LC, Lauri S, Vehvilainen-Julkunen K. A description of birth in Finland. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs 2000;25:146-150.10.1097/00005721-200005000-0000810810848CallisterLCLauriSVehvilainen-JulkunenKA description of birth in Finland200025146–15010810848Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Federation of Finnish Midwives. https://www.suomen-katiloliitto.fi/katilon-tyo Accessed December 9,2016.Federation of Finnish MidwivesAccessed December 9,2016Search in Google Scholar
Jian YJ, Zhao P, Gan XX. Situation and thinking of construction and development of midwifery. Chin J Nurs 2008;9:832-834 (in Chinese).JianYJZhaoPGanXXSituation and thinking of construction and development of midwifery20089832–834(in Chinese)Search in Google Scholar
NMC. Standards for Pre-Registration Midwifery Educationhttps://www.nmc.org.uk/globalassets/sitedocuments/standards/nmc-standards-for-pre-registration-midwifery-education.pdf Accessed December 9, 2016.NMChttps://www.nmc.org.uk/globalassets/sitedocuments/standards/nmc-standards-for-pre-registration-midwifery-education.pdfAccessed December 9, 2016Search in Google Scholar
NMC. Midwives Rules and Standards 2012http://www.nipec.hscni.net/midwivesandmedicines/NMC-Midwives-rules-and-standards-2012.pdf. Accessed December 9, 2016.NMChttp://www.nipec.hscni.net/midwivesandmedicines/NMC-Midwives-rules-and-standards-2012.pdfAccessed December 9, 2016Search in Google Scholar
NMC. When Do I Need to Revalidate?http://revalidation.nmc.org.uk/revalidation-date Accessed December 9, 2016.NMChttp://revalidation.nmc.org.uk/revalidation-dateAccessed December 9, 2016Search in Google Scholar
NMC. Becoming a Midwifehttps://www.nmc.org.uk/education/becoming-a-nurse-or-midwife/becoming-a-midwife/ Accessed December 9, 2016.NMChttps://www.nmc.org.uk/education/becoming-a-nurse-or-midwife/becoming-a-midwife/Accessed December 9, 2016Search in Google Scholar
Sheng XM, Ma YL. Compare of Chinese and British vocational ability and education of midwives. Health Vocational Educ 2016;9:4–6 (in Chinese).ShengXMMaYLCompare of Chinese and British vocational ability and education of midwives201694–6(in Chinese)Search in Google Scholar
Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia. Code of Professional Conduct for Midwives in Australiahttp://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/documents/default.aspx?record=WD17%2f23847&dbid=AP&chksum=BlvAWN0iQspBLSXIDBR1pQ%3d%3d Accessed December 12, 2016.Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australiahttp://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/documents/default.aspx?record=WD17%2f23847&dbid=AP&chksum=BlvAWN0iQspBLSXIDBR1pQ%3d%3dAccessed December 12, 2016Search in Google Scholar
Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council. Midwife Accreditation Standards 2014https://www.anmac.org.au/sites/default/files/documents/ANMAC_Mid-wife_Accreditation_Standards_2014.pdf Accessed December 12, 2016.Australian Nursing and Midwifery Councilhttps://www.anmac.org.au/sites/default/files/documents/ANMAC_Mid-wife_Accreditation_Standards_2014.pdfAccessed December 12, 2016Search in Google Scholar
Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia. Registration Standard: Recency of Practicehttp://www.nursingmid-wiferyboard.gov.au/Registration-Standards/Recency-of-practice.aspx Accessed December 12, 2016.Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australiahttp://www.nursingmid-wiferyboard.gov.au/Registration-Standards/Recency-of-practice.aspxAccessed December 12, 2016Search in Google Scholar
Australian College of Midwives. National Midwifery Guidelines for Consultation and Referral-3rd Edition Issue 2https://issuu.com/austcollegemidwives/docs/guidelines2013 Accessed December 12, 2016.Australian College of Midwiveshttps://issuu.com/austcollegemidwives/docs/guidelines2013Accessed December 12, 2016Search in Google Scholar
Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia. National Competency Standards for the Midwifehttp://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/documents/default.aspx?record=WD10%2f1350&dbid=AP&chksum=Yp0233q3xmE5YVjiy%2fy0mA%3d%3d Accessed December 12, 2016.Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australiahttp://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/documents/default.aspx?record=WD10%2f1350&dbid=AP&chksum=Yp0233q3xmE5YVjiy%2fy0mA%3d%3dAccessed December 12, 2016Search in Google Scholar
Rushing B. Ideology in the Reemergence of North American Midwifery. Work Occup 1993;20:46-67.10.1177/0730888493020001003RushingBIdeology in the Reemergence of North American Midwifery19932046–67Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Zhang SQ, Li L, Ye WQ. A review of nurse midwives in the United States. Chin J Nurs 2012;12:11401142 (in Chinese).ZhangSQLiLYeWQA review of nurse midwives in the United States20121211401142 (in Chinese)Search in Google Scholar
American College of Nurse-Midwives. Comparison of Certified Nurse-Midwives, Certified Midwives, and Certified Professional Midwiveshttp://www.midwife.org/acnm/files/cclibraryfiles/filename/000000001385/cnm%20cm%20cpm%20comparisonchart%20082511.pdf Accessed November 19, 2017.American College of Nurse-Midwiveshttp://www.midwife.org/acnm/files/cclibraryfiles/filename/000000001385/cnm%20cm%20cpm%20comparisonchart%20082511.pdfAccessed November 19, 2017Search in Google Scholar
American College of Nurse-Midwives. Definition of Midwifery and Scope of Practice of Certified Nurse-Midwives and Certified Midwiveshttp://www.midwife.org/ACNM/files/ACNMLibraryData/UPLOADFILENAME/000000000266/Definition%20of%20Midwifery%20and%20Scope%20of%20Practice%20of%20CNMs%20and%20CMs%20Dec%202011.pdf Accessed December 14,2016.American College of Nurse-Midwiveshttp://www.midwife.org/ACNM/files/ACNMLibraryData/UPLOADFILENAME/000000000266/Definition%20of%20Midwifery%20and%20Scope%20of%20Practice%20of%20CNMs%20and%20CMs%20Dec%202011.pdfAccessed December 14,2016Search in Google Scholar
North American Registry of Midwives. What is a CAPhttp://narm.org/ Accessed December 12, 2016.North American Registry of Midwiveshttp://narm.org/Accessed December 12, 2016Search in Google Scholar
The Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China. Nurse ordinancehttp://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2008-02/04/content_882178.htm.Accessed June 23, 2017.The Central People's Government of the People's Republic of Chinahttp://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2008-02/04/content_882178.htm.AccessedJune 23, 2017Search in Google Scholar
Pang RY. Chinese midwifery situation and development. Chin J Nurs Educ 2010;7:293-295 (in Chinese).PangRYChinese midwifery situation and development20107293–295(in Chinese)Search in Google Scholar
National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China. National Work System of Hospital and the Duties of Personnelhttp://www.moh.gov.cn/ Accessed June 30, 2017 (in Chinese).National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of Chinahttp://www.moh.gov.cn/Accessed June 30, 2017 (in Chinese)Search in Google Scholar