Regional dimension of firm level productivity determinants: the case of manufacturing and service firms in Ukraine

	TFP	Size	KLratio	Import	export	Private	foreign	HHI
TFP	1
size	0.132	1
KLratio	0.113	0.000	1
import	0.094	0.133	-0.004	1
export	0.021	0.120	-0.006	0.452	1
private	0.039	0.007	0.006	0.049	0.055	1
foreign	0.000	-0.001	0.003	0.054	0.040	0.035	1
HHI	0.028	0.070	0.003	0.059	0.055	0.053	-0.0074	1

Definitions of variables and summary statistics, services sector

Variable	Definition	Obs	Mean	Std. Dev.	Min	Max
TFP	Total factor productivity calculated based on Levinsohn-Petrin input shares	84475	342.86	3015.44	0.01	594673
Size	Total number of full-time employees	84475	46.03	689.11	1	96477
KLratio	Capital to labour ratio calculated as the ratio of fixed assets in the end of period	84475	5538.65	78420.53	0.01	7842810
Import	Dummy variable indicating if an enterprise imports or not	84475	0.06	0.24	0	1
Export	Dummy variable indicating if an enterprise exports or not	84475	0.02	0.15	0	1
Private	Dummy variable indicating private ownership of an enterprise	84475	0.95	0.22	0	1
Foreign	Dummy variable indicating foreign ownership of an enterprise	84475	0.00	0.06	0	1
HHI	Herfindahl-Hirschman index for NACE 2-digit industry	84475	348.70	797.33	17.29	10000

Estimation results for the manufacturing sector across regions, continued

	All regions	Lutsk	Lviv	Mykolajiv	Odesa	Poltava	Rivne	Summy	Ternopol	Uzhgorod	Vinnytsia	Zaporizhzhe	Zhytomyr
InSize	-0.064	0.030	-0.109	-0.152	-0.115	-0.036	-0.090	-0.126	0.010	-0.003	-0.055	-0.083	-0.065
	(9.64)**	(0.60)	(3.94)**	(2.86)**	(3.27)**	(1.07)	(1.86)	(2.93)**	(0.18)	(0.05)	(1.39)	(2.92)**	(1.65)
InKLratio	0.010	-0.072	0.008	-0.034	-0.003	0.026	-0.137	0.021	0.025	-0.055	0.060	-0.013	0.004
	(2.14)*	(1.91)	(0.41)	(0.83)	(0.15)	(0.99)	(3.74)**	(0.54)	(0.57)	(1.36)	(2.05)*	(0.59)	(0.14)
Import	0.583	0.562	0.808	0.736	0.482	0.368	0.651	0.122	0.727	0.507	0.559	0.607	0.197
	(15.25)**	(1.98)*	(5.98)**	(2.17)*	(2.60)**	(1.39)	(2.80)**	(0.47)	(2.24)*	(2.07)*	(2.09)*	(2.75)**	(0.75)
Export	0.111	-0.143	-0.048	0.549	0.182	0.171	0.308	0.312	-0.130	0.175	-0.049	-0.000	0.511
	(3.07)**	(0.65)	(0.37)	(1.56)	(1.08)	(0.69)	(1.47)	(1.29)	(0.45)	(0.88)	(0.21)	(0.00)	(2.58)*
Private	-0.028	-0.004	-0.012	-0.132	-0.013	0.041	-0.193	0.004	-0.542	-0.171	-0.261	0.003	0.016
	(1.08)	(0.02)	(0.11)	(0.74)	(0.10)	(0.30)	(1.07)	(0.03)	(2.76)**	(0.78)	(1.88)	(0.03)	(0.12)
Foreign	-0.064	0.252	-0.498			0.513	-0.788			-0.665
	(0.51)	(0.47)	(0.91)			(0.93)	(0.89)			(1.18)
InHHI	0.656	-1.139	0.942	-0.614	0.405	-1.031	-1.558	0.876	0.539	0.332	0.362	0.761	-0.023
	(12.62)**	(3.13)**	(5.42)**	(1.49)	(1.50)	(2.26)*	(4.77)**	(3.37)**	(1.47)	(1.13)	(1.65)	(3.20)**	(0.09)
Constant	0.495	9.705	-0.880	7.884	2.028	8.996	12.607	-0.583	0.594	2.411	1.561	0.304	3.828
	(1.78)	(4.98)**	(0.94)	(3.47)**	(1.43)	(3.84)**	(7.25)**	(0.39)	(0.31)	(1.43)	(1.25)	(0.24)	(2.91)**
Industry-specific effects	yes	Yes	yes	yes	Yes	yes	yes	Yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes
N	11557	183	725	241	499	347	201	193	191	199	338	529	311
R2	0.51	0.60	0.58	0.38	0.54	0.57	0.67	0.66	0.61	0.59	0.49	0.49	0.53

Definitions of variables and summary statistics, manufacturing sector

Variable	Definition	Obs	Mean	Std. Dev.	Min	Max
TFP	Total factor productivity calculated based on Levinsohn-Petrin input shares	11556	188.81	839.98	0.17	52215.16
Size	Total number of full-time employees	11556	130.03	754.72	1	35625
KLratio	Capital to labour ratio calculated as the ratio of fixed assets in the end of period	11556	2475.68	40136.68	0.03	3762930
Import	Dummy variable indicating if an enterprise imports or not	11556	0.08	0.28	0	1
Export	Dummy variable indicating if an enterprise exports or not	11556	0.10	0.30	0	1
Private	Dummy variable indicating private ownership of an enterprise	11556	0.82	0.38	0	1
Foreign	Dummy variable indicating foreign ownership of an enterprise	11556	0.01	0.07	0	1
HHI	Herfindahl-Hirschman index for NACE 2-digit industry	11556	323.85	287.54	96.08	1929.94

Correlations between variables, services sectors

	TFP	Size	KLratio	Import	export	Private	foreign	HHI
TFP	1
Size	0.004	1
KLratio	0.094	-0.002	1
Import	0.056	0.030	-0.009	1
Export	0.046	0.035	-0.001	0.216	1
Private	0.003	-0.071	-0.013	0.051	0.027	1
Foreign	0.005	0.007	0.011	0.050	0.028	0.008	1
HHI	-0.031	0.021	-0.007	-0.064	-0.030	-0.121	0.015	1

Estimation results for the manufacturing sector across regions

	All regions	Kyiv	Cherkasy	Chernihiv	Chernivtsi	Dnipro	Donetsk	Ivano-Frankivsk	Kharkiv	Kherson	Khmelnitskyi	Kirovograd	Luhansk
InSize	-0.064	0.004	-0.103	-0.028	-0.159	-0.063	-0.036	-0.179	-0.061	-0.046	-0.096	-0.126	-0.097
	(9.64)**	(0.22)	(2.52)*	(0.51)	(2.54)*	(2.71)**	(1.50)	(3.52)**	(2.68)**	(0.91)	(2.19)*	(2.32)*	(2.82)**
InKLratio	0.010	0.020	0.038	0.128	0.005	-0.022	-0.003	0.040	0.011	-0.040	0.075	0.074	-0.021
	(2.14)*	(2.05)*	(1.23)	(3.27)**	(0.11)	(1.26)	(0.17)	(1.11)	(0.76)	(1.01)	(1.94)	(1.84)	(0.77)
Import	0.583	0.788	-0.087	-0.214	0.332	0.687	0.354	0.311	0.506	0.680	0.486	0.125	0.382
	(15.25)**	(10.26)**	(0.32)	(0.65)	(0.80)	(4.95)**	(2.26)*	(1.15)	(4.07)**	(1.66)	(1.86)	(0.30)	(1.76)
Export	0.111	-0.093	0.532	0.414	0.360	0.066	0.119	0.638	0.128	0.277	0.308	0.413	0.230
	(3.07)**	(1.07)	(2.43)*	(1.68)	(1.21)	(0.47)	(0.84)	(3.00)**	(1.03)	(0.90)	(1.31)	(1.35)	(1.26)
Private	-0.028	0.085	-0.157	-0.148	0.043	-0.027	0.036	-0.242	0.066	-0.247	-0.229	-0.088	0.199
	(1.08)	(1.18)	(1.08)	(0.79)	(0.19)	(0.28)	(0.34)	(1.15)	(0.77)	(1.41)	(1.49)	(0.50)	(1.52)
Foreign	-0.064	-0.145	-0.678	0.403		0.068	-0.917		0.540	-0.436		-0.498	-0.613
	(0.51)	(0.60)	(0.67)	(0.42)		(0.27)	(0.84)		(1.29)	(0.70)		(0.71)	(0.64)
InHHI	0.656	0.334	-0.062	0.142	0.079	0.872	1.105	0.833	0.652	0.316	0.943	-0.345	0.475
	(12.62)**	(3.07)**	(0.18)	(0.30)	(0.18)	(5.04)**	(7.27)**	(3.44)**	(3.40)**	(0.73)	(2.10)*	(0.78)	(2.04)*
Constant	0.495	1.987	4.207	2.568	3.751	-0.191	-1.599	-0.116	0.609	2.661	-1.096	5.507	1.653
	(1.78)	(3.34)**	(2.25)*	(1.01)	(1.66)	(0.21)	(1.98)*	(0.09)	(0.60)	(1.13)	(0.47)	(2.38)*	(1.33)
Industry- specific effects	yes	yes	yes	yes	Yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes
N	11557	2515	317	207	137	895	895	223	948	169	260	226	416
R2	0.51	0.53	0.48	0.58	0.51	0.50	0.46	0.51	0.57	0.66	0.56	0.49	0.55

Estimation results for the services sector across regions

	All regions	Lutsk	Lviv	Mykolajiv	Odesa	Poltava	Rivne	Summy	Ternopil	Uzhgorod	Vinnytsia	Zaporizhzhe	Zhytomyr
InSize	-0.187	-0.179	-0.197	-0.269	-0.201	-0.230	-0.196	-0.198	-0.171	-0.264	-0.240	-0.223	-0.181
	(51.81)**	(6.69)**	(13.09)**	(11.34)**	(11.63)**	(10.29)**	(7.43)**	(6.11)**	(4.82)**	(7.85)**	(9.15)**	(11.29)**	(5.83)**
InKLratio	0.041	0.017	0.062	0.029	0.039	0.035	0.034	0.024	0.045	0.063	0.047	0.023	0.003
	(22.05)**	(1.25)	(7.71)**	(2.31)*	(4.55)**	(2.94)**	(2.43)*	(1.33)	(2.54)*	(3.55)**	(3.47)**	(2.16)*	(0.20)
Import	0.930	1.225	0.859	0.841	1.142	0.883	0.908	0.660	0.595	0.726	0.955	0.849	0.933
	(48.14)**	(9.15)**	(12.66)**	(3.71)**	(11.46)**	(5.49)**	(5.85)**	(2.92)**	(2.97)**	(4.89)**	(6.32)**	(6.87)**	(4.71)**
Export	0.409	-0.214	0.188	0.780	0.508	0.608	0.270	0.385	0.212	-0.336	0.701	0.377	0.169
	(13.43)**	(1.24)	(1.68)	(3.07)**	(3.68)**	(3.21)**	(1.54)	(1.36)	(0.68)	(1.89)	(3.92)**	(2.13)*	(0.99)
Private	0.062	-0.124	0.007	0.219	-0.272	-0.011	-0.135	-0.056	0.267	-0.469	0.403	0.116	-0.107
	(2.79)**	(0.70)	(0.09)	(1.63)	(2.45)*	(0.08)	(1.08)	(0.38)	(1.60)	(2.74)**	(3.23)**	(0.96)	(0.79)
Foreign	0.277	1.796	0.040	0.721	0.285	0.453	-0.265		0.784	0.129	-0.009	0.197	-0.080
	(3.59)**	(2.21)*	(0.08)	(1.09)	(0.85)	(0.54)	(0.43)		(0.62)	(0.17)	(0.01)	(0.16)	(0.11)
InHHI	-0.127	-0.014	-0.049	-0.021	-0.258	-0.054	-0.101	-0.176	-0.079	-0.128	0.017	-0.127	-0.099
	(10.43)**	(0.14)	(1.06)	(0.25)	(4.65)**	(0.74)	(1.16)	(1.48)	(0.67)	(1.15)	(0.18)	(1.89)	(0.98)
Constant	-3.218	-3.833	-3.817	-4.018	-1.594	-3.533	-3.232	-2.465	-3.651	-2.581	-4.396	-2.950	-2.853
	(34.50)**	(5.33)**	(11.38)**	(6.23)**	(3.74)**	(6.43)**	(4.98)**	(2.86)**	(4.18)**	(3.16)**	(6.66)**	(5.80)**	(3.93)**
Industry-specific effects	yes	yes	yes	Yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes
Observations	84475	1292	4444	1568	4435	2078	1277	1173	859	1157	1680	2905	1398
R-squared	0.86	0.90	0.90	0.88	0.84	0.88	0.91	0.87	0.89	0.88	0.88	0.86	0.87

eISSN:: 2543-6821
Langue:: Anglais

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Regional dimension of firm level productivity determinants: the case of manufacturing and service firms in Ukraine

Publié en ligne: 07 mai 2019

Pages: 81 - 95

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ceej-2018-0004

Mots clésFirms, total factor productivity, regions, Ukraine

© 2018 A. Cieślik, J. Jakub Michałek, I. Gauger, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Annex

Correlations between variables, manufacturing sectors

Definitions of variables and summary statistics, services sector

Estimation results for the manufacturing sector across regions, continued

Definitions of variables and summary statistics, manufacturing sector

Correlations between variables, services sectors

Estimation results for the manufacturing sector across regions

Estimation results for the services sector across regions

Mots clés
Firms, total factor productivity, regions, Ukraine