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<p>The emergence of glycomolecules in nature coincided with the dawning of the ribonucleic acid (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) world, along with the development of a colossal assortment of related monosaccharide building blocks, which vastly exceed the building blocks for any other class of macromolecules. The elaboration of glycomolecules by unicellular organisms, inside cells and on their surfaces and secretions, led to an explosion of diversity, in which unique types of glycomolecules evolved to be highly expressed in all kingdoms of life – monera, protists, fungi, plant and animal. In addition to nucleic acids, glycomolecules include glycoproteins, glycolipids, oligo- and polysaccharides, glycosylated RNA (glycoRNA), and many others. The glyco-modification of amino acids in proteins overcame the limitation inherent in the genetic code, which restricts protein structures to 20 amino acids. Thus, the virtually unlimited nature of protein glycosylation greatly expands the structures and functions of proteins. A highlight in the evolution of glycomolecules is the diversity in glycan structures, as each cell type in nature, from unicellular organisms to cells in metazoans and humans, generates incredibly complex and varied glycan structures. Thus, a central paradigm of glycomolecular evolution is that the collective glycan structures are the defining features unique to each organism. This article touches on the marvelous diversity of glycans and glycomolecules in nature that led to their dominance in the landscape of biology, as well as thoughts on evolution that likely gave rise to their elaboration, diversity, and evolutionary success.</p>
</abstract>

Evolution and Diversity of Glycomolecules from Unicellular Organisms to Humans

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>Evolutionary creationism (EC) formerly known as theistic evolution is a widely held view of the harmony between science and faith among theists of many denominations. Arguments against EC based on the fact that there is only one extant species of the genus Homo, or that human beings were not favored by God to survive, are strawmen, and are both scientifically and theologically refuted.</p>
</abstract>

Evolutionary Creation Does Not Fail: A Response to ‘No Homo: Why Theistic Evolution Fails’

Review of Philip Goff, <italic>Why? The Purpose of the Universe</italic>, (Oxford University Press, 2023)

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Volume 4 (2024): Issue 1 (January 2024)

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BioCosmos: New perspectives on the origin and evolution of life

 BioCosmos is an on-line, peer-reviewed, open access journal that currently does not charge authors for publishing. The journal aims to present a wide variety of novel perspectives on the origins and nature of life that go beyond the standard neo-Darwinian paradigm of biological evolution. The focus is on theoretically innovative, data-driven analysis and experimental results from biology and biochemistry, although broader perspectives from philosophy and physics are also represented.   BioCosmos encourages high quality scientific research and debate, which results in novel theoretical or experimental approaches that deal with unsolved problems of the standard biological theories. To bring about this aim, the journal’s peer review process takes to heart Newton’s ‘Hypotheses non fingo’. In other words, it judges the theoretical claims proposed by authors in terms of the results rather than in terms of how standard theorists deal with the same results. Inevitably, the range of research potentially covered by this journal is very wide. The tableau below provides a sense of this range.   The journal publishes original research articles, reviews, commentaries, letters to the editor and conference reports. Further details, along with instructions for submission, can be found under JOURNAL INFORMATION.   Biosciences:    Systems Biology   Theoretical Biology   Historical Biology   Cell Biology and Molecular Machines   Biological Fine-tuning   Biochemical Complexity   Bioinformatics   Population Genetics   Evolutionary Biology and Evolutionary Theory   Extended Synthesis   Simulated Evolution   Phylogenetics and Phylogenomics   Functional Morphology   Computational Biology   Paleontology   Astrobiology   RNA World    Physics and Cosmology:    Cosmology and Fine tuning   Quantum Cosmology    Chemistry:    Prebiotic Scenarios   Origin of Life Studies   Autocatalysis   Prebiotic catalysis   Amphiphilic assembly   Astrochemistry    Philosophy:    Teleology and Final Causes   Design Arguments   Anti- and Alt-Materialisms   Systems and Complexity Theory   Category and Information Theory      Archiving   Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.   Plagiarism Policy   The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process. 

BioCosmos: New perspectives on the origin and evolution of life

Volume 4 (2024): Issue 1 (January 2024)

Review

Evolution and Diversity of Glycomolecules from Unicellular Organisms to Humans

Short commentary

Evolutionary Creation Does Not Fail: A Response to ‘No Homo: Why Theistic Evolution Fails’

Book Review

Review of Philip Goff, Why? The Purpose of the Universe, (Oxford University Press, 2023)

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