<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The existence of a small number of publications dealing with the impact of solid sodium humate and lignite on the quantity and quality of grown crops was the reason for establishing the field experiment. The objective of this experiment was to detect the impact of solid lignite and solid sodium humate on the quantity and quality of spring barley yield. These substances were applied into the soil either independently or along with nitrogen fertiliser. The next objective was to determine the impact of foliar application of sodium humate water solution applied either independently or along with nitrogen fertiliser on the quality and quantity of spring barley yield. The achieved results showed that the autumn application of solid lignite and the presowing application of solid sodium humate into the soil tended to decrease the yield of both grain and straw of spring barley, crude protein content in grain, proportion of the first-class grains and volume weight of grain, whereas the impact of humate was more negative. Lignite and sodium humate in the solid form should be used along with nitrogen fertiliser. The application of sodium humate in liquid form during the growth season of barley tended to increase the yield of both grain and straw. The joint application of nitrogen and liquid sodium humate during the growth season of barley increased the grain yield of barley significantly. A lower dose of nitrogen, applied during the growth season of barley (growth season BBCH 23), increased the grain yield of barley considerably more than a higher N dose, applied into the soil before barley sowing.</abstract>

Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Slovak Republic

National Agricultural and Food Centre – Research Institute of Plant Production, Piešťany, Slovak Republic

Spring Barley Yield Parameters after Lignite, Sodium Humate and Nitrogen Utilization

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Seed accessions from 7 plant families and 28 species stored for above 20 years in the National gene bank of Bulgaria were evaluated. All seed accessions were maintained as base collection under long-term storage conditions with low moisture contents (5±2%) in hermetically closed containers at −18°C. On the basis of experimental data, the seed storage characters σ (standard deviation of seed death in storage), P50% (the time for viability to fall to 50%) and P10% (the time for viability reduction of 10%) were determined allowing the prediction of seed storage life and the regeneration needs. The results showed significant differences in loss of seed viability among species and within the species. After 20–24 years of storage, eleven crops showed minimal viability decline under 5% as compared to the initial viability (oats, barley, maize, bread wheat, durum wheat, smooth brome grass, faba bean, chickpea, sunflower, cucumber and pepper). For the same storage time, another group of crops (sorghum, triticale, orchard grass, tall fescue, common vetch, grass pea, lentil, common bean, rapeseed, tobacco, flax, cabbage and tomatoes) presented 5–10% reduction of seed viability. More significant changes in seed viability – above 10% – were detected for peanuts, lettuce, soybean and rye. The σ values varied from 20.41 years (<italic>Arachis hypogaea</italic> L.) to 500 years (for <italic>Avena sativa</italic> L. and <italic>Triticum aestivum</italic> L). There was wide variation across species, both in time taken for the viability to fall to 50% and in time taken for the seed viability reduction of 10%. The study illustrates the positive effect of both seed storability early monitoring and prediction of regeneration needs as a tool for limiting undesired losses.</abstract>

The Longevity of Crop Seeds Stored Under Long-term Condition in the National Gene Bank of Bulgaria

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The aim of our study was to find out the influence of different preceding crops and weather in particular years on the production ability of winter wheat in crop rotation with 80% share of cereals. The long-term field trial with 40, 60 and 80% share of cereals and two levels of fertilisation (H1 mineral fertilisation + organic manure Veget®; H2 mineral fertilisation only) was carried out in the very warm and dry area of continental climate on Luvi-Haplic Chernozem. In crop rotation with 80% share of cereals, winter wheat was sown after two preceding crops: pea and winter barley. In the years 2013–2015, the weight of 1,000 grains, bulk density, share of grains over 2.8 + 2.5 mm sieve, grain yield and straw yield were investigated. In crop rotation with 80% share of cereals, the significantly higher grain yield of winter wheat was recorded after preceding crop of field pea (6.18 t/ha) by comparison with winter barley as preceding crop (5.19 t/ha). The statistically significantly higher straw yield of winter wheat was observed after field pea (8.38 t/ha)in comparison to winter barley (7.29 t/ha). The weight of 1,000 grains, bulk density, share of grains over 2.8 + 2.5 mm sieve were statistically significantly higher after field pea in comparison to winter barley. The winter wheat grain yield can be increased by the preceding crop pea and the combination of mineral and organic fertilisation in substantial degree.</abstract>

Enhancing of Winter Wheat Productivity by the Introduction of Field Pea into Crop Rotation

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Broccoli sprouts are natural functional foods for cancer prevention because of their high content of glucosinolate and antioxidant. Sprouts and mature broccoli are of potential importance in devising chemoprotective strategies in humans. The aim of the investigation was to study the effect of essential oils on broccoli seed germination, increase their antioxidant content and determine the glucosinolate concentration and other phytochemical parameters in 3-day-old sprouts during cold storage at 4°C and 95% RH for 15 days. The results showed that all treatments of essential oils increased germination index, seed germination percentage, seedling length, seedling vigour index, yield and the antioxidant content of broccoli sprout and reduced the microbial load compared to the control. Fortunately, the coliform bacteria was not detected in all treatments. Different essential oils of fennel, caraway, basil, thyme and sage were tested. The thyme oil was the best treatment, which increased the accumulation of the phenolic compounds and glucosinolate compared to the control at different storage periods. In the sprouts treated with thyme oil treatment and the control, at the end of cold storage, 1.98% and 28.06% of total phenolic content, 1.90% and 20.28% of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity, 1.39% and 58.33% of flavonoids, 1.93% and 36.25% of vitamin C, 2.95% and 22.02% of anthocyanin and 2.18% and 49.12% of glucosinolate were lost, respectively. A slight reduction differences in all detected compound concentrations occurred between the initial content and the end of storage period because of the application of thyme oil compared to the control. Therefore, the total glucosinolate level in the sprout (27.02 μg/g F.W.) was higher than that in the florets (7.37 μg/g F.W.). Glucoraphanin was the most abundant aliphatic glucosinolate present in the sprout and reached the highest value (16.24 μg/g F.W.) followed by glucoerucin (5.9 μg/g F.W.) and glucoiberm(1.2 μg/g F.W.).</abstract>

Department of Vegetable Postharvest and Handling Research, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt

Microbial Activity Unit, Microbiology Department, Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt

Biochemistry Department, Pharmacy College, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt

Department of Zoology, Division of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

Increasing Antioxidant Content of Broccoli Sprouts Using Essential Oils During Cold Storage

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Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)

 Why subscribe, read and submit The Agriculture (Poľnohospodárstvo) is a peer-reviewed international journal with open access that publishes mainly original research papers. The types of contributions are also published – review and short communication. Papers are published in British English. The journal has been continuously publishing since 1954. It is published four times a year by the National Agricultural and Food Centre - Research Institute of Plant Production Piešťany, Slovak Republic (www.agriculture.sk; www.nppc.sk; www.vurv.sk). It is indexed in 36 recognized international scientific databases (e.g. SCOPUS).  Our journal is an excellent source of research information on agricultural and biological sciences. It offers fast review, editing process, worldwide dissemination and accessibility of articles. It examines various aspects of research and is devoted to the publication of papers dealing with the aims and scopes related to:   cropland,  farming and cropping systems,  precision agriculture,  agroecosystems,  plant improvement (genetic resources and biodiversity, physiology, genetics, breeding, biotechnology),  permanent crops (growing management and technologies, nutrition, disease and pest protection, weed control, economy of production),  chemistry,  biology, and genetics applied to agronomy,  quality of plant production,  interactions with environment,  grasslands and pasture improvement,  organic farming,  soil quality and management for sustainable agriculture,  irrigation and water use, and other aspects of plant science and production.   Rejection Rate   70%   Back issues Link to previous on-line volumes of Agriculture (Poľnohospodárstvo) (full text from 2006): www.agriculture.sk  Archiving  Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.  Plagiarism Policy  The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process. 