<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

The demand for medicinal plants and their derived substances is increasing day by day due to their relevance in the context of drug discovery and development. The goal of this investigation is to assess the pharmacological and phytochemical potentials of the grossly underexplored <italic>Antidesma montanum</italic> Blume (Family: Phyllanthaceae). The methanolic extract of the leave of this plant was fractionated and then followed by initial screening of phytochemical. The investigation of the pharmacological potential, which includes antioxidant, antidiarrheal, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-pyretic, and anxiolytic evaluations, was accomplished using an <italic>in vitro</italic> free radical scavenging assay with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), castor oil-induced diarrheal test, egg albumin test, acetic acid-induced writhing model, brewer’s yeast induced fever test, swing test, open field, and light-dark test, respectively. The investigation o phytochemicals proposes that the methanol extract of <italic>A. montanum</italic> possesses flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, amino acids, fixed oils, and sterols. Pharmacological evaluation suggests that <italic>A. montanum</italic> possesses significant antioxidant, anti-diarrheal, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects. The methanol and chloroform fractions exhibited better DPPH radical scavenging activities with an IC50: 103 ± 0.05 and 108.7 ± 0.05 µg/ml, respectively. The methanol and chloroform fractions also showed anti-inflammatory capacities in the egg albumin (IC50 values: 89.10 ± 0.07 and 92.85 ± 0.07 µg/ml, respectively) model. The plant also showed anti-pyretic and anxiolytic activities in a dose-dependent manner. One of the possible sources of phytotherapeutic lead compounds is <italic>A. montanum</italic>. To extract and analyze the key bioactive components of this essential therapeutic plant, more research is required.
</abstract>

Department of Pharmacy, Life Science Faculty

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University

Phytochemical Evaluation and Pharmacological Activities of <italic>Antidesma Montanum</italic> Blume Leaf Extract

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Creating a Japanese garden raises a number of methodological questions. The form of these gardens are well known, but their religious symbols are not well researched in English literature. The aim of the research is to introduce and interpret the religious symbols and references present in Japanese gardens, to categorize their appearance by taking into account their unique characteristics, their role in the garden, contributing to a deeper understanding and the understanding of the form-shaping approach. The gardens presented by this study are closely related to the practice of the religious community that creates or maintains them. The garden elements do not only serve an aesthetic purpose, but with their spatial presence they constantly refer to religious teachings or attitudes for those who are able to read them.
</abstract>

Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences

Department of Garden Art and Landscape Design

Reading Symbols in Japanese Garden

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Mammalian hormones are shown to affect not only regulation of mammalian homeostasis but also play roles in cross-talk between microorganisms and their hosts. In our study, the roles of norepinephrine (NE) at two different concentrations on growth alterations, adhesion - invasion of <italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</italic> were investigated.
The effects of NE on the growth, adhesion - invasion of <italic>P. aeruginosa</italic> ATTC 27853 were examined in human lung carcinoma (A549) cell culture. We analysed two concentrations (<bold>HNE:</bold> 0.04μg/mL and <bold>LNE</bold>: 0.0017 μg/mL) of NE considering NE’s psychological levels in a healthy individual to imitate <italic>in vivo</italic> conditions of the host. Bacterial counts of growth and adhesion-invasion were examined by the colony counting method. Growth of bacterium was significantly reduced in the presence of NE at 90’ incubation (p: 0.0004 for high concentration and p: 0.0003 for low concentration); on the other hand, at 180’ minutes incubation, only low concentration reduced the growth (p˂0.0001). While adhesion was increased in the presence of low NE concentration (p: 0.013), there was no alteration in invasion of <italic>P. aeruginosa</italic> in the presence of NE (p˃0.05). Our results suggested that NE has different effects on the growth and adhesion of <italic>P. aeruginosa</italic> and these effects depend on concentration and incubation period.
</abstract>

Department of Medical Biology and Genetics

The Role of Norepinephrine in the Regulation of Growth, Adhesion and Invasion of <italic>Pseudomonas Aeruginosa</italic> in Human Lung Carcinoma Cell Culture

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of <italic>Salvia verbenaca</italic> (L.) Briq. ssp. <italic>clandestina</italic> (L.) Pugsl. (<italic>Lamiaceae</italic>) growing wild in Bou Saâda, pre-Saharan region of Algeria, was analyzed by GC-MS. Sixty-four compounds were detected, representing 95.6% of the whole oil, among them forty five compounds are identified in this sample for the first time. The essential oil of <italic>S. verbenaca</italic> ssp. <italic>clandestena</italic> showed the predominance of sesquiterpenes (56.4%) followed by monoterpene derivatives (35.5%). The main constituents were β-pinene (10.2%), spathulenol (8.7%), caryophylene oxide (6.1%), α-pinene (5.2%), germacrene D (5%) and α-gurjunene (4.9%). Chemical composition of the essential oil from our sample may be categorized as sesquiterpene and monoterpene chemotype among the four chemotypes identified for <italic>Salvia</italic> species.
</abstract>

Department of Life and Nature Sciences, Faculty of Sciences

Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences

Chemical Constituents of the Essential Oil from <italic>Salvia Verbenaca</italic> ssp. <italic>Clandestina</italic> from Algerian Pre-Sahara

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Pesticide use has increased steadily over the years in both industrial farming and local agriculture. One of the most widely used pesticides at a global level, glyphosate, has been controversial for many years and many studies have focused on the effects of this compound on human health. Ethephon is also a controversial ripening agent used to ripen crops more quickly. A basic but crucial step in the study of the effects of their use on human health is the development of adequate analytical methodologies for the quantification of the compounds in relevant samples. For this study a quick, simple and selective method which uses LC-MS/MS was developed for the determination of ethephon, glyphosate and AMPA. The method uses selective fragment monitoring for each analyte and the internal standard, without prior analytical separation. Mobile phase used consisted of aqueous ammonium formate and methanol in isocratic elution and the sample cleanup was made using solid phase extraction (SPE). The method was validated with regards to selectivity, sensitivity, accuracy and precision in accordance with applicable guidelines. After validation the LC-MS/MS method was successfully used to determine ethephon, glyphosate and AMPA residues in ground and surface water, as well as vegetable samples.
</abstract>

George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology

Department of Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine

Department of Health Protection, National Health Laboratory (LNS)

A Quick, Simple, Sensitive and Selective LC-MS/MS Method Used for the Screening of Ethephon, Glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid from Water and Food Samples

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Volume 5 (2022): Issue 1 (June 2022)

Phytochemical Evaluation and Pharmacological Activities of Antidesma Montanum Blume Leaf Extract

Reading Symbols in Japanese Garden

The Role of Norepinephrine in the Regulation of Growth, Adhesion and Invasion of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in Human Lung Carcinoma Cell Culture

Chemical Constituents of the Essential Oil from Salvia Verbenaca ssp. Clandestina from Algerian Pre-Sahara

A Quick, Simple, Sensitive and Selective LC-MS/MS Method Used for the Screening of Ethephon, Glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid from Water and Food Samples

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