<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><sec id="j_1905-7415.1006.526_s_001_w2aab3b7b3b1b6b1aab1c17b1Aa"><h3>Background</h3><p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease affecting movement. MS has a worldwide distribution.</p></sec><sec id="j_1905-7415.1006.526_s_002_w2aab3b7b3b1b6b1aab1c17b2Aa"><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Early detection of MS lesions in Pakistanis by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); to describe characteristics and to determine the association with musculoskeletal disability.</p></sec><sec id="j_1905-7415.1006.526_s_003_w2aab3b7b3b1b6b1aab1c17b3Aa"><h3>Methods</h3><p>We included 100 patients (18–65 years old) diagnosed with cases of MS from March 2012 to March 2013. A detailed clinical history of the musculoskeletal system was taken and MR imaging was performed to characterize lesions acquiring T1-weighted (T1W), T2W, proton density, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), and T1W postgadolinium sequences.</p></sec><sec id="j_1905-7415.1006.526_s_004_w2aab3b7b3b1b6b1aab1c17b4Aa"><h3>Results</h3><p>Most patients belonged to a middle-aged group (42–62 years) and MS was common in women. MS lesions were found in the deep white matter of central nervous system (95 patients), supratentorially (97), periventricularly (96), juxtacortically (62), infratentorially (16), and in the temporal lobes (9). T2W sequences (99 patients detected) were superior to T1W sequences (47). By contrast, FLAIR sequence was more accurate and 100% of these cases were detected on this sequence of MRI. Muscle spasticity was found in 10 patients, muscle weakness in 53, uncoordinated movements in 7, ataxic gait in 9, and slurred speech in 3. However, numbness remained the more common clinical history (69 patients). Muscle fatigue (19), hemiparesis (8), and monoparesis in either upper and lower limbs (5) were other clinical presentations.</p></sec><sec id="j_1905-7415.1006.526_s_005_w2aab3b7b3b1b6b1aab1c17b5Aa"><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>MRI plays a pivotal role in detection and characterization of MS plaques. Clinical manifestations and imaging findings are similar to those reported from other parts of the world.</p></sec></abstract>

BackgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease affecting movement. MS has a worldwide distribution.ObjectivesEarly detection of MS lesions in Pakistanis by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); to describe characteristics and to determine the association with musculoskeletal disability.MethodsWe included 100 patients (18–65 years old) diagnosed with cases of MS from March 2012 to March 2013. A detailed clinical history of the musculoskeletal system was taken and MR imaging was performed to characterize lesions acquiring T1-weighted (T1W), T2W, proton density, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), and T1W postgadolinium sequences.ResultsMost patients belonged to a middle-aged group (42–62 years) and MS was common in women. MS lesions were found in the deep white matter of central nervous system (95 patients), supratentorially (97), periventricularly (96), juxtacortically (62), infratentorially (16), and in the temporal lobes (9). T2W sequences (99 patients detected) were superior to T1W sequences (47). By contrast, FLAIR sequence was more accurate and 100% of these cases were detected on this sequence of MRI. Muscle spasticity was found in 10 patients, muscle weakness in 53, uncoordinated movements in 7, ataxic gait in 9, and slurred speech in 3. However, numbness remained the more common clinical history (69 patients). Muscle fatigue (19), hemiparesis (8), and monoparesis in either upper and lower limbs (5) were other clinical presentations.ConclusionsMRI plays a pivotal role in detection and characterization of MS plaques. Clinical manifestations and imaging findings are similar to those reported from other parts of the world.

Multiple sclerosis lesions on magnetic resonance imaging, their characterization and pathological correlation with musculoskeletal disability in Pakistanis

Asian Biomedicine

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

BackgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease affecting movement. MS has a worldwide distribution.ObjectivesEarly detection of MS lesions in...

Name	Patients
Govt. servant	21
Businessman	18
Shopkeeper	9
Teacher	15
Others	37
Total	100

Symptoms	No. of patients
Musculoskeletal disease	54
Psychosomatic effect	70
Fatigue disease	19
Blurred vision	48
D. Pallor	25
Numbness	69
Slurring speech	3
Ataxic gait	9
incoordination	7
Spasticity	10
Weakness	53
Eye/vision problems	57

	No of lesions Mean	Standard deviation
Temporal lobe (n = 9)	0.2	0.63
Juxtacortical (n = 62)	13.1	9.20
Periventricular (n = 96)	0.1	–
Corpus callosum (n = 2)	13.7	9.33
Infratentorial (n = 16)	0.7	2.65
Temporal (n = 8)	1.5	2.28
Paraventricular (n = 97)	12.5	9.91
Parahippocampus (n = 4)	13.9	9.25
Acute (n = 82)	0.0	–

Sequences	Lesions detected
T1W1	47
T2W1	99
Flair	100

Symptoms	No. of patients
Deep white matter disease	95
Temporal lobe lesions	9
Juxtacortical lesions	62
Periventricular lesions	96
Infratentorial lesions	16
Supratentorial lesions	97

Multiple sclerosis lesions on magnetic resonance imaging, their characterization and pathological correlation with musculoskeletal disability in Pakistanis

Article Category: Original article

Publicado en línea: 31 mar 2017

Páginas: 567 - 574

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5372/1905-7415.1006.526

Palabras clave
Ataxia, FLAIR, MRI, multiple sclerosis, muscle weakness, spasticity, T1W1, T2WI

© 2016 Nasir Raza Zaidi, Mian Waheed Ahmad, Riffat Mehboob

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1

Distribution of patients according to occupation

Pathological correlation of multiple sclerosis with musculoskeletal disability

Distribution of multiple sclerosis plaques in brain parenchyma

Detection of multiple sclerosis plaques by magnetic resonance imaging

Frequency of lesions in patients with multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis lesions on magnetic resonance imaging, their characterization and pathological correlation with musculoskeletal disability in Pakistanis

Article Category: Original article

Publicado en línea: 31 mar 2017

Páginas: 567 - 574

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5372/1905-7415.1006.526

Palabras claveAtaxia, FLAIR, MRI, multiple sclerosis, muscle weakness, spasticity, T1W1, T2WI

© 2016 Nasir Raza Zaidi, Mian Waheed Ahmad, Riffat Mehboob

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1

Distribution of patients according to occupation

Pathological correlation of multiple sclerosis with musculoskeletal disability

Distribution of multiple sclerosis plaques in brain parenchyma

Detection of multiple sclerosis plaques by magnetic resonance imaging

Frequency of lesions in patients with multiple sclerosis

Palabras clave
Ataxia, FLAIR, MRI, multiple sclerosis, muscle weakness, spasticity, T1W1, T2WI