Protocol: a randomized parallel-group study of women after hallux valgus correction surgery to compare the effects of “core foot system” training vs. traditional rehabilitation methods

[1] Bayar B., Erel S., ŞimŞek I.E., Sümer E., Bayar K., The effects of taping and foot exercises on patients with hallux valgus: a preliminary study, Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 2011, 41 (3), 403–409, DOI: 10.3906. Search in Google Scholar

[2] Biz C., Corradin M., Kuete Kanah W.T., Dalmau-Pastor M., Zornetta A., Volpin A., Ruggieri P., Medium-Long-Term Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes of Minimally Invasive Distal Metatarsal Metaphyseal Osteotomy (DMMO) for Central Primary Metatarsalgia: Do Maestro Criteria Have a Predictive Value in the Preoperative Planning for This Percutaneous Technique?, BioMed Research International, 2018, 1947024, PMID: 30581846. Search in Google Scholar

[3] Biz C., Fosser M., Dalmau-Pastor M., Corradin M., Rodà M.G., Aldegheri R., Ruggieri P., Functional and radiographic outcomes of hallux valgus correction by mini-invasive surgery with Reverdin-Isham and Akin percutaneous osteotomies: a longitudinal prospective study with a 48-month followup, Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 2016, 11 (1), 157, PMID: 27919259. Search in Google Scholar

[4] Brodsky J.W., Baum B.S., Pollo F.E., Mehta H., Prospective gait analysis in patients with first metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis for hallux rigidus, Foot and Ankle International, 2007, 28 (2), 162–165, PMID: 17296132. Search in Google Scholar

[5] Catani O., Fusini F., Zanchini F., Sergio F., Cautiero G., Villafane J.G., Langella F., Functional outcomes of percutaneous correction of hallux valgus in not symptomatic flatfoot: a case series study, Acta Biomedica, 2020, 91 (3), e2020065, PMID: 32921761. Search in Google Scholar

[6] Chan A.W., Tetzlaff J.M., Altman D.G., Laupacis A., Gøtzsche P.C., Krleža-JeriĆ K., Hrobjartsson A., Mann H., Dickersin K., Berlin J.A., Dore C.J., Parulekar W.R., Summerskill W.S.M., Groves T., Shulz K.F., Harold S.C., Rockhold F.W., Rennie D., Moher D., SPIRIT 2013 statement: defining standard protocol items for clinical trials, Annals of Internal Medicine, 2013, 158 (3), 200–207, PMID: 23295957. Search in Google Scholar

[7] Colò G., Fusini F., Samaila E.M., Rava A., Felli L., Alessio-Mazzola M., Magnan B., The efficacy of shoe modifications and foot orthoses in treating patients with hallux rigidus: a comprehensive review of literature, Acta Biomedica, 2020, 91, Suppl. 14, e2020016, PMID: 33559617. Search in Google Scholar

[8] Colò G., Fusini F., Zoccola K., Rava A., Samaila E.A., Magnan B., May footwear be a predisposing factor for the development of hallux rigidus? A review of recent findings, Acta Biomedica, 2021, 92 (S3), PMID: 34313670. Search in Google Scholar

[9] Colò G., Mazzola M.A., Pilone G., Dagnino G., Felli L., Lateral open wedge calcaneus osteotomy with bony allograft augmentation in adult acquired flatfoot deformity. Clinical and radiological results, European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, 2021, 31, 1395–1402, PMID: 33576876. Search in Google Scholar

[10] DiGiovanni C.W., Greisberg J., Foot and Ankle: core knowledge in orthopaedics, Elsevier Health Sciences, 2007, 394, 104–119. Search in Google Scholar

[11] Dygut J., Piwowar M., Muscles systems and their influence on foot arches and toes alignment-towards the proper diagnosis and treatment of Hallux Valgus, Diagnostics, 2022, 12 (12), 2945, PMID: 36552952. Search in Google Scholar

[12] Dygut J., Piwowar P., Detyna J., Popiela T., Kogut W., BoroŃ W., Dudek P., Piwowar M., Correction of foot deformities with hallux valgus by transversal arch restoration, Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, 2020, 40 (4), 1556–1567, http://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbe.2020.09.066 Search in Google Scholar

[13] FioŁkowski P., Brunt D., Bishop M., Woo R., Horodyski M., Intrinsic pedal musculature support of the medial longitudinal arch: an electromyography study, Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery, 2003, 42 (6), 327–333, PMID: 14688773. Search in Google Scholar

[14] Glasoe W.M., Treatment of Progressive First Metatarsophalangeal Hallux Valgus Deformity: A Biomechanically Based Muscle-Strengthening Approach, Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 2016, 46 (7), 596–605, Epub. 2016/06/06, PMID: 27266887. Search in Google Scholar

[15] Headlee D.L., Leonard J.L., Hart J.M., Ingersoll C.D., Hertel J., Fatigue of the plantar intrinsic foot muscles increases navicular drop, Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 2008, 18 (3), 420–425, Epub. 2007/01/08, PMID: 17208458. Search in Google Scholar

[16] Jedynak T., Treating hallux abducto valgus conservatively through foot mobilization techniques and exercise therapy. A case study, Podiatry Now, 2009, 12–15. Search in Google Scholar

[17] Jung D.Y., Koh E.K., Kwon O.Y., Effect of foot orthoses and short-foot exercise on the cross-sectional area of the abductor hallucis muscle in subjects with pes planus: a randomized controlled trial, Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, 2011, 24 (4), 225–231, PMID: 22142711. Search in Google Scholar

[18] Kaczmarczyk K., Barton G.J., Wiszomirska I., Wychowanski M., Women after Bilateral Surgical Correction of Hallux Valgus Do Not Show Improvement in Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters at 18 Weeks Postoperatively, Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2021, 10, 608, https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10040608 Search in Google Scholar

[19] Klugarova J., Janura M., Svoboda Z., Sos Z., Stergiou N., Klugar M., Hallux valgus surgery affects kinematic parameters during gait, Clinical Biomechanics, 2016, 40, 20–26, Epub. 2016/10/06, PMID: 27792950. Search in Google Scholar

[20] Kuni B., Wolf S.I., Zeifang F., Thomsen M., Foot kinematics in walking on a level surface and on stairs in patients with hallux rigidus before and after cheilectomy, Journal of Foot and Ankle Research, 2014, 13, 7(1): 13, PMID: 24524773. Search in Google Scholar

[21] Kuryliszyn-Moskal A., Kaniewska K., DziĘcioŁ-Anikiej Z., Klimiuk P.A., Evaluation of foot static disturbances in patients with reumatic diseases, Reumatologia, 2017, 55 (2), 73–78, Epub. 2017/04/28, PMID: 28539678. Search in Google Scholar

[22] Lann Vel Lace K., BŁaŻkiewicz M., KoŁodziejski P., The effects of hallux valgus and hallux rigitus surgery on gait biomechanics: a systematic review, Advances in Rehabilitation, 2021, 35 (3), 37–55, DOI: 10.5114/areh.2021.106434. Search in Google Scholar

[23] Latey P.J., Burns J., Nightingale E.J., Clarke J.L., Hiller C.E., Reliability and correlates of cross-sectional area of abductor hallucis and the medial belly of the flexor hallucis brevis measured by ultrasound, Journal of Foot and Ankle Research, 2018, 11, 28, PMID: 29977344. Search in Google Scholar

[24] Lee D.R., Choi Y.E., Effects of a 6-week intrinsic foot muscle exercise program on the functions of intrinsic foot muscle and dynamic balance in patients with chronic ankle instability, Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation, 2019, 15 (5), 709–714, PMID: 31723561. Search in Google Scholar

[25] Lee E., Cho J., Lee S., Short-foot exercise promotes quantitative somatosensory function in ankle instability: A randomized controlled trial, Medical Science Monitor, 2019, 25, 618–626, Epub: 2019/01/21, PMID: 30665229. Search in Google Scholar

[26] Lobo C.C., Marín A.G., Sanz D.R., López D.L., López P.P., Morales C.R., Corbalan I.S., Ultrasound evaluation of intrinsic plantar muscles and fascia in hallux valgus: A case-control study, Medicine, 2016, 95 (45), e5243, PMID: 27828846. Search in Google Scholar

[27] Lopez-Vigil M., Suarez-Garnacho S., Martín V., Naranjo-Ruiz C., Rodriguez C., Evaluation of results after distal metatarsal osteotomy by minimal invasive surgery for the treatment of metatarsalgia: patient and anatomical pieces study, Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 2019, 14 (1), 121, PMID: 31068197. Search in Google Scholar

[28] Lynn S.K., Padilla R.A., Tsang K.K., Differences in static- and dynamic-balance task performance after 4 weeks of intrinsic-foot-muscle training: the short-foot exercise versus the towel-curl exercise, Journal of Sports Rehabilitation, 2012, 21 (4), 327–333, Epub 2012/06/18, PMID: 22715143. Search in Google Scholar

[29] Marchena-Rodriguez A., Moreno-Morales N., Ramirez-Parga E., Labajo-Manzanares M.T., Luque-Suarez A., Gijon-Nogueron G., Relationship between foot posture and dental malocclusions in children aged 6 to 9 years. A crosssectional study, Medicine, 2018, 97, 19, PMID: 29742725. Search in Google Scholar

[30] McKeon P.O., Hertel J., Bramble D., Davis I., The foot core system: a new paradigm for understanding intrinsic foot muscle function, British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2015, 49 (5), 290, Epub 2014/03/21, PMID: 24659509. Search in Google Scholar

[31] Moerenhout K., Chopra S., Crevoisier X., Outcome of the modified Lapidus procedure for hallux valgus deformity during the first year following surgery: A prospective clinical and gait analysis study, Clinical Biomechanics, 2019, 61, 205–210, Epub 2018/12/20, PMID: 30594769. Search in Google Scholar

[32] Moulodi N., Azadinia F., Ebrahimi-Takamjani I., Atlasi R., Jalali M., Kamali M., The functional capacity and morphological characteristics of the intrinsic foot muscles in subjects with Hallux Valgus deformity: A systematic review, Foot, 2020, 45, 101706, Epub 2020/06/15, PMID: 33039908. Search in Google Scholar

[33] Mulligan E.P., Cook P.G., Effect of plantar intrinsic muscle training on medial longitudinal arch morphology and dynamic function, Manual Therapy, 2013, 18 (5), 425–430, Epub 2013/04/28, PMID: 23632367. Search in Google Scholar

[34] Nordin M., Frankle V.H., Basic Biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system, Health, 2012, 4, 238–251. Search in Google Scholar

[35] Palomo-López P., Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo R., Losa-Iglesias M.E,. Rodríguez-Sanz D., Calvo-Lobo C., López-López D., Impact of Hallux Valgus related of quality of life in Women, International Wound Journal, 2017, 14 (5), 782–785, Epub 2016/12/07, PMID: 27928895. Search in Google Scholar

[36] Rothermel S., Hale S.A., Hertel J., Denegar C.R., Effect of active foot positioning on the outcome of a balance training program, Physical Therapy in Sport, 2004, 5 (2), 98–103. Search in Google Scholar

[37] Sadra S., Fleischer A., Klein E., Grewal G.S., Knight J., Weil L.S. Sr., Weil L. Jr., Najafi B., Hallux valgus surgery may produce early improvements in balance control: results of a cross-sectional pilot study, Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association, 2013, 103 (6), 489–497, PMID: 24297985. Search in Google Scholar

[38] Schuh R., Hofstaetter S.G., Adams S.B. Jr., Pichler F., Kristen K.H., Trnka H.J., Rehabilitation after hallux valgus surgery: importance of physical therapy to restore weight bearing of the first ray during the stance phase, Physical Therapy, 2009, 89 (9), 934–945, Epub 2009/07/16, PMID: 19608631. Search in Google Scholar

[39] Schulz K., Altman D.G., Moher D., the CONSORT Group. CONSORT 2010 Statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomized trials, BMC Medicine, 2010, 8, 18, PMID: 20332509. Search in Google Scholar

[40] Stevens J., Meijer K., Bijnens W., Fuchs M.C., van Rhijn L.W., Hermus J.P. et al., Gait Analysis of Foot Compensation After Arthrodesis of the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint, Foot and Ankle International, 2017, 38 (2), 181–191, Epub 2016/10/23, PMID: 27770063. Search in Google Scholar

[41] TaŞ S., Ünlüer N.Ö., Çetin A., Thickness, cross-sectional area, and stiffness of intrinsic foot muscles affect performance in single-leg stance balance tests in healthy sedentary young females, Journal of Biomechanics, 2020, 99, 109530, Epub 2019/11/20, PMID: 31785820. Search in Google Scholar

[42] Tylka J., Piotrowicz R., Kwestionariusz oceny jakości życia SF-36 – Wersja polska [Quality of life questionnaire SF-36 – Polish version], Kardiologia Polska, 2009, 67 (10), 1166–1169, PMID: 20209678. Polish. Search in Google Scholar

[43] World Medical Association. World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects, JAMA, 2013, 310 (20), 2191–2194, PMID: 24141714. Search in Google Scholar

[44] Young K.W., Lee H.S., Park S.C., Modified Proximal Scarf Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus, Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery, 2018, 10 (4), 479–483, Epub 2018/11/21, PMID: 30505417. Search in Google Scholar