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Evaluation of Maternal Risk Factors for Neonatal Hypernatremic Dehydration: A Systematic Review

Zakerihamidi Maryam
Zakerihamidi Maryam
, 
Rakhshanizadeh Forough
Rakhshanizadeh Forough
, 
Moradi Ali
Moradi Ali
, 
Ramezani Asal
Ramezani Asal
 y 
Boskabadi Hassan
Boskabadi Hassan
   | 06 ago 2024
Journal of Mother and Child's Cover Image
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Article Category: Review
Publicado en línea: 06 ago 2024
Páginas: 70 - 79
Recibido: 13 ene 2024
Aceptado: 07 jun 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.34763/jmotherandchild.20232701.d-24-00007
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© 2024 Zakerihamidi Maryam et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Flowchart 1.

A, Estimated percentile curves of percent weight loss by time after birth for vaginal deliveries. B, Estimated percentile curves of percent weight loss by time after birth for caesarean deliveries.
A, Estimated percentile curves of percent weight loss by time after birth for vaginal deliveries. B, Estimated percentile curves of percent weight loss by time after birth for caesarean deliveries.

Risk factors and prevention methods of neonatal hypernatremic dehydration

Maternal risk factors Prevention methods
Lactation Factors: Maternal breastfeeding status, let-down reflex, breast filling after delivery and lactation, breast filling before each lactation, breast softening after lactation, delay in the onset of first lactation, reduced breastfeeding frequency, poor latch-on during breastfeeding, decreased or lack of mammary gland development during pregnancy, history of breast surgery, hypoplastic or abnormal breasts, endocrinopathies-induced infertility, pituitary dysfunction after delivery bleeding, retained placenta, delay in the onset of lactation for more than 12 to 24 hours postpartum, irregular breast drainage or stimulation, breast congestion or lack of breast enlargement after delivery, lack of colostrum production, technical problems of breastfeeding position, breastfeeding with one breast or early separation of the infant from the mother's breast during breastfeeding and before full drainage of breast milk, high breast milk sodium level. breast milk sodium level.Breast factors: Breast problems, lack of let-down reflex, mastitis, nipple difficulties.Maternal factors: Duration of maternal hospitalization, primiparity, greater maternal age, cesarean section, pregnancy complications, social factors such as depression, fatigue and inadequate support. Maternal factors: attention to the frequency of breastfeeding and the situation of lactation, the elimination of breast problems and the improvement of milk production and transmission, more breast examination during prenatal and postnatal periods, encouraging to start lactation immediately after delivery and immediate intervention in case of breast feeding problems (poor latch-on, breast congestion, delayed milk outflow and nipple difficulties).Neonatal factors: check of neonatal weight and frequency of urination and defecation especially during the first week of life; feeding frequency more than 8 times per day.

Summary of studies on maternal risk factors for neonatal hypernatremia

No. Author/year Method Location Case group / Control group Maternal risk factor QUADA scores
1 Boskabadi et al. (2014) (16) Cross-sectional Iran 670 cases Breastfeeding frequency and status, let-down reflex, breast filling postpartum and after each lactation, breast softening after breastfeeding, duration of mother's admission 12
2 Boskabadi et al. (publishing) Cross-sectional Iran 934 neonates Breast problems, lack of let-down reflex 13
3 Boskabadi et al. (2016) (3) Descriptive - analytic Iran 418 neonates The time of first lactation, breastfeeding frequency 13
4 Uras et al. (2007) (62) Retrospective Turkey 1150 neonates Breast problems 13
5 Boskabadi et al. (2013) (63) Cross-sectional Iran 273 neonates Let-down reflex, mastitis, breast tightening before each lactation, breast softening after each feeding, breastfeeding status 12
6 Boskabadi et al. (2010) (6) Prospective Iran 106 neonates Breast problems 13
7 Boskabadi et al. (2022) (2) Cohort Iran 183 neonates Inappropriate breastfeeding 12
8 Mujawar et al. (2017) (19) Retrospective Iran 8 neonates Breast milk sodium 13
9 Caglar et al. (2006) (8) Prospective Turkey 34 neonates Breast problems with breastfeeding difficulties, Primipara, delay in theinitiation of first breastfeeding, cesarean section 13
10 Ramesh et al. (2017) (20) Descriptive India 201 neonates Primipara 12
11 Goyal et al. (2018) (21) Prospective India 384 neonates Cesarean section, Primipara, pregnancy complications, delay in the beginning of lactation after delivery, poor latch-on during breastfeeding, lack let-down reflex, decreased frequency of lactation, nipple difficulties 13
12 López Martín et al. (2018) (64) Retrospective España 20 neonates Primiparity and greater maternal age 12
13 Orgunet al. (2019) (35) Cross-sectional Turkey 100 neonates High breast milk sodium level and primiparity 13
14 Celik K (2021) (65) Prospective Turkey 47 neonates Primiparity, insufficient breastfeeding 13
15 Alp EK (2022) (22) Retrospective Turkey 54 neonates Insufficiency of breast milk, nipple problems, incorrect breastfeeding techniques 13
16 Zayed ME (23) Cross-sectional Sudan 206 neonates Insufficiency of breast milk, breast problems 12
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Temas de la revista:
Medicine, Clinical Medicine, Pediatrics and Juvenile Medicine, Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Public Health
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