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Effect of continuous supportive telephone counselling on improving breastfeeding self-efficacy in mothers with late preterm infants four months after discharge: A randomized, controlled study

Marzieh Mohammadian
Marzieh Mohammadian
, 
Azam Maleki
Azam Maleki
 y 
Gholamreza Badfar
Gholamreza Badfar
   | 11 oct 2021
Journal of Mother and Child's Cover Image
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Article Category: Original Research
Publicado en línea: 11 oct 2021
Páginas: 44 - 50
Recibido: 27 nov 2020
Aceptado: 10 jun 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.34763/jmotherandchild.20212501.d-20-00017
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© 2021 Marzieh Mohammadian et al. published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Flowchart of sampling and procedure
Flowchart of sampling and procedure

Figure 2

The variation of the self-efficacy score in five time periods
The variation of the self-efficacy score in five time periods

Comparison of breastfeeding self-efficacy scores between intervention and control groups in five time periods (before intervention and monthly up to 4 months after delivery

Variable Time Control Intervention P-value*
Mean±SD Mean±SD
Breastfeeding self-efficacy Before 31.71±4.28 33.18±4.63 0.479
The first month 32.59±7.36 44.69±9.51 0.001
The second month 32.75±8.86 48.45±9.26 0.001
Third month 30.56±9.86 51.18±10.8 0.001
The fourth month 28.56 ±10.71 53.48±10.13 0.001
Paired t-test (P-value) 0.129** 0.001** -

The content of the counselling in terms of each session

The first session was conducted face to face at discharge time, and the rest of the sessions were conducted by telephone daily for 14 days.
First session (face to face) WelcomeAims and objectivesPre-test with Dennis Breastfeeding Self-EfficacyObserving the infant sucking power (latch) and mother–infant relationship during lactationDiscussing the concept of breastfeeding self-efficacy, factors affecting breastfeeding, and breastfeeding self-efficacy
The second session Discussing the baby’s general condition, jaundice, and respiratory, urinary, and faecal pattern.Discussing how to determine the adequacy of breastfeeding, hours, and frequency of breastfeedingRegular hand washing and personal hygiene in baby care and breastfeedingMentioning the warning signs and the need to go to the relevant specialists
Third session Repeating the content of the second sessionEncourage skin-to-skin contact between mother and baby and kangaroo mother care as well as exercise to enhance sucking in preterm infantsNon-nutritious sucking, how to feed the baby with breast milk
Fourth session Discussing the women’s beliefs and attitudes about breastfeeding, the importance of breast milk in the growth, and development of premature babiesDiscussing the role of the mother’s effort and cooperation in improving the breastfeeding process
Fifth session Strengthening mothers’ self-confidence, encouraging them to increase their individual skills in baby care, and receiving help from othersFollow-up for routine neonatal care, neonatal screening
Sixth session Repeating the content of the second to fifth sessions.Discussing how to determine the adequacy of breastfeeding, hours, and frequency of breastfeedingEncourage skin-to-skin contact between mother and baby and kangaroo mother care as well as exercise to enhance sucking in preterm infantsMentioning the warning signs and the need to go to the relevant specialists
Seventh up to Fourteenth sessions Encouraging mothers to express their feelings, needs, and desires to counsellors and othersReviewing the second to sixth session topicsDiscussing the baby’s general condition, mothers’ self-confidence and coping with baby careDiscussing the women’s beliefs and attitudes about breastfeeding, the importance of breast milk in the growth and development of premature babiesDiscussing factors affecting breastfeeding and breastfeeding self-efficacyThe counselling was with maximum flexibility for the participants

Comparison of the frequency distribution of individual-social characteristics of participants between the two groups Intervention and control

Variable Intervention Control P-value*
Percentage Frequency Percentage Frequency
Education Illiterate bondage 15.2 5 21.9 7 0.244*
Middle–high school 21.2 7 31.3 10
Diploma 30.3 10 34.4 11
University 33.3 11 12.5 4
Female occupation Housewife 97 32 93.8 30 0.613**
Employed 3 1 6.3 2
Spouse job Free 66.7 22 71.9 23 0.649*
Employee 33.3 11 28.1 9
Residence City 81.8 27 96.9 31 0.050*
Village 18.2 6 3.1 1
Gender of the baby Girl 60.6 20 43.8 14 0.174*
Boy 39.4 13 56.3 18
Type of delivery Normal 27.3 9 12.5 4 0.137*
Cesarean section 72.7 24 87.5 28
Monthly income Less than enough 39.4 13 40.6 13 0. 919*
It is enough 60.6 20 59.4 19
Parity Primiparous 34.4 12 50 16
Multiparous 63.6 21 50 16
Sex of baby Female 60.6 20 43.8 14 0.174*
Male 39.4 13 56.3 18
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Temas de la revista:
Medicine, Clinical Medicine, Pediatrics and Juvenile Medicine, Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Public Health
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