<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>This study aimed to investigate the disparities between metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and conventional culture results in patients with bronchiectasis. Additionally, we sought to investigate the correlation between the clinical characteristics of patients and their microbiome profiles. The overarching goal was to enhance the effective management and treatment of bronchiectasis patients, providing a theoretical foundation for healthcare professionals. A retrospective survey was conducted on 67 bronchiectasis patients admitted to The First Hospital of Jiaxing from October 2019 to March 2023. Clinical baseline information, inflammatory indicators, and pathogen detection reports, including mNGS, conventional blood culture, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) culture, and sputum culture results, were collected. By comparing the results of mNGS and conventional culture, the differences in pathogen detection rate and pathogen types were explored, and the diagnostic performance of mNGS compared to conventional culture was evaluated. Based on the various pathogens detected by mNGS, the association between clinical characteristics of bronchiectasis patients and mNGS microbiota results was analyzed. The number and types of pathogens detected by mNGS were significantly larger than those detected by conventional culture. The diagnostic efficacy of mNGS was significantly superior to conventional culture for all types of pathogens, particularly in viral detection (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.01). Regarding pathogen detection rate, the bacteria with the highest detection rate were <italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</italic> (17/58) and <italic>Haemophilus influenzae</italic> (11/58); the fungus with the highest detection rate was <italic>Aspergillus fumigatus</italic> (10/21), and the virus with the highest detection rate was human herpes virus 4 (4/11). Differences were observed between the positive and negative groups for <italic>P. aeruginosa</italic> in terms of common scoring systems for bronchiectasis and whether the main symptom of bronchiectasis manifested as thick sputum (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05). Significant distinctions were also noted between the positive and negative groups for <italic>A. fumigatus</italic> regarding Reiff score, neutrophil percentage, bronchiectasis etiology, and alterations in treatment plans following mNGS results reporting (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05). Notably, 70% of patients with positive <italic>A. fumigatus</italic> infection opted to change their treatment plans. The correlation study between clinical characteristics of bronchiectasis patients and mNGS microbiological results revealed that bacteria, such as <italic>P. aeruginosa</italic>, and fungi, such as <italic>A. fumigatus</italic>, were associated with specific clinical features of patients. This underscored the significance of mNGS in guiding personalized treatment approaches. mNGS could identify multiple pathogens in different types of bronchiectasis samples and was a rapid and effective diagnostic tool for pathogen identification. Its use was recommended for diagnosing the causes of infections in bronchiectasis patients.</p>
</abstract>

This study aimed to investigate the disparities between metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and conventional culture results in patients with bronchiectasis. Additionally, we sought to investigate the correlation between the clinical characteristics of patients and their microbiome profiles. The overarching goal was to enhance the effective management and treatment of bronchiectasis patients, providing a theoretical foundation for healthcare professionals. A retrospective survey was conducted on 67 bronchiectasis patients admitted to The First Hospital of Jiaxing from October 2019 to March 2023. Clinical baseline information, inflammatory indicators, and pathogen detection reports, including mNGS, conventional blood culture, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) culture, and sputum culture results, were collected. By comparing the results of mNGS and conventional culture, the differences in pathogen detection rate and pathogen types were explored, and the diagnostic performance of mNGS compared to conventional culture was evaluated. Based on the various pathogens detected by mNGS, the association between clinical characteristics of bronchiectasis patients and mNGS microbiota results was analyzed. The number and types of pathogens detected by mNGS were significantly larger than those detected by conventional culture. The diagnostic efficacy of mNGS was significantly superior to conventional culture for all types of pathogens, particularly in viral detection (p < 0.01). Regarding pathogen detection rate, the bacteria with the highest detection rate were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17/58) and Haemophilus influenzae (11/58); the fungus with the highest detection rate was Aspergillus fumigatus (10/21), and the virus with the highest detection rate was human herpes virus 4 (4/11). Differences were observed between the positive and negative groups for P. aeruginosa in terms of common scoring systems for bronchiectasis and whether the main symptom of bronchiectasis manifested as thick sputum (p < 0.05). Significant distinctions were also noted between the positive and negative groups for A. fumigatus regarding Reiff score, neutrophil percentage, bronchiectasis etiology, and alterations in treatment plans following mNGS results reporting (p < 0.05). Notably, 70% of patients with positive A. fumigatus infection opted to change their treatment plans. The correlation study between clinical characteristics of bronchiectasis patients and mNGS microbiological results revealed that bacteria, such as P. aeruginosa, and fungi, such as A. fumigatus, were associated with specific clinical features of patients. This underscored the significance of mNGS in guiding personalized treatment approaches. mNGS could identify multiple pathogens in different types of bronchiectasis samples and was a rapid and effective diagnostic tool for pathogen identification. Its use was recommended for diagnosing the causes of infections in bronchiectasis patients.

Association between Clinical Characteristics and Microbiota in Bronchiectasis Patients Based on Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Technology

Polish Journal of Microbiology

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

This study aimed to investigate the disparities between metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and conventional culture results in patients with...

Association between Clinical Characteristics and Microbiota in Bronchiectasis Patients Based on Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Technology

Article Category: ORIGINAL PAPER

Publicado en línea: 04 mar 2024

Páginas: 59 - 68

Recibido: 06 sept 2023

Aceptado: 15 ene 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2024-007

Palabras clave
bronchiectasis, mNGS technology, microbiological culture, infection

© 2024 Dongfeng Shen et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Association between Clinical Characteristics and Microbiota in Bronchiectasis Patients Based on Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Technology

Article Category: ORIGINAL PAPER

Publicado en línea: 04 mar 2024

Páginas: 59 - 68

Recibido: 06 sept 2023

Aceptado: 15 ene 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2024-007

Palabras clavebronchiectasis, mNGS technology, microbiological culture, infection

© 2024 Dongfeng Shen et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Palabras clave
bronchiectasis, mNGS technology, microbiological culture, infection