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Screening of mcr-1 among Gram-Negative Bacteria from Different Clinical Samples from ICU Patients in Alexandria, Egypt: One-Year Study

Amira Elbaradei
Amira Elbaradei
, 
Mahrous S. Sayedahmed
Mahrous S. Sayedahmed
, 
Gamal El-Sawaf
Gamal El-Sawaf
 y 
Sherine M. Shawky
Sherine M. Shawky
   | 30 mar 2022
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Article Category: Original Paper
Publicado en línea: 30 mar 2022
Páginas: 83 - 90
Recibido: 10 nov 2021
Aceptado: 12 feb 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2022-011
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© 2022 Amira Elbaradei et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1

Phylogenetic tree of four Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates and the positive control “PCMKP-01” harboring mcr-1.1 based on the wzi typing.
Phylogenetic tree of four Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates and the positive control “PCMKP-01” harboring mcr-1.1 based on the wzi typing.

Resistance profiles of different isolates of Gram-negative bacteria.

Antimicrobial Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 301) Escherichia coli (n = 109) Enterobacter cloaclae complex (n = 14) Enterobacter asburiae* (n = 1) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 55)
Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant
No. % No. % No. % No. % No. %
Ceftazidime 278 92.36 86 78.90 9 64.29 0 0 22 40.00
Cefepime 263 87.38 84 77.06 10 71.43 0 0 19 34.55
Imipenem 206 68.44 6 5.50 2 14.29 0 0 24 43.64
Meropenem 206 68.44 7 6.42 3 21.43 0 0 23 41.82
Amikacin 180 59.80 4 3.67 0 0 0 0 19 34.55
Gentamicin 177 58.80 36 33.03 6 42.86 0 0 24 43.64
Tobramycin 232 77.08 38 34.86 3 21.43 0 0 24 43.64
Ciprofloxacin 217 72.10 69 63.30 3 21.43 0 0 26 47.27
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole 231 76.74 59 54.13 6 42.86 0 0 – –

Characteristics of six bacterial isolates harboring mcr-1.

Organism Isolate name k-type Sample Source mcr-1 amplified by first set of primers mcr-1amplified by second set of primers Patient gender FEP CAZ IPM MEM AK GN TOB CIP SXT MIC value in µg/ml*
P. aeruginosa MPPS-05 – BAL mcr-1.1 mcr-1.1 F R R R I R R R R – ≤ 0.5
K. pneumoniae MPKP-07 K9 Mini BAL mcr-1.1 – F R R R R R R R R S ≤ 0.5
K. pneumoniae MPKP-03 k58 BAL mcr-1.1 mcr-1.1 M R R R R R I R R R 4
K. pneumoniae MPKP-04 k58 Spinal fluid mcr-1.1 mcr-1.1 F R R R R R R R I R 4
K. pneumoniae MPKP-06 k58 Sputum mcr-1.1 mcr-1.1 M R R R R R S R R R 4
E. coli MPEC-02 – Blood culture mcr-1.1 mcr-1.1 M R R S S S R R I R ≥ 4

Beta-lactamase genes distribution among the mcr-1 positive isolates.

Organism Isolate name mcr-1 amplified by first set of primers mcr-1 amplified by second set of primers ESBL Gene Serine carbapenemasesgenes Metallo-beta-lactamase genes
blaCTX-M blaKPC blaOXA-48 blaVIM blaNDM-1
P. aeruginosa MPPS-05 mcr-1.1 mcr-1.1 − − + − +
K. pneumoniae MPKP-07 mcr-1.1 − + − + − −
K. pneumoniae MPKP-03 mcr-1.1 mcr-1.1 + − + − +
K. pneumoniae MPKP-04 mcr-1.1 mcr-1.1 − − + − +
K. pneumoniae MPKP-06 mcr-1.1 mcr-1.1 − − + − −
E. coli MPEC-02 mcr-1.1 mcr-1.1 + NT NT NT NT
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