This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Cerqueira GC, Earl AM, Ernst CM, Grad YH, Dekker JP, Feldgarden M, Chapman SB, Reis-Cunha JL, Shea TP, Young S, et al. Multi-institute analysis of carbapenem resistance reveals remarkable diversity, unexplained mechanisms, and limited clonal outbreaks. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2017 Jan 31;114(5):1135–1140. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1616248114CerqueiraGCEarlAMErnstCMGradYHDekkerJPFeldgardenMChapmanSBReis-CunhaJLSheaTPYoungS. Multi-institute analysis of carbapenem resistance reveals remarkable diversity, unexplained mechanisms, and limited clonal outbreaks. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2017Jan31;114(5):1135–1140. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.161624811410.1073/pnas.1616248114529301728096418Search in Google Scholar
DiazGranados CA, Jones MY, Kongphet-Tran T, White N, Shapiro M, Wang YF, Ray SM, Blumberg HM. Outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection associated with contamination of a flexible bronchoscope. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2009 Jun; 30(6):550–555. https://doi.org/10.1086/597235DiazGranadosCAJonesMYKongphet-TranTWhiteNShapiroMWangYFRaySMBlumbergHM. Outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection associated with contamination of a flexible bronchoscope. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2009Jun; 30(6):550–555. https://doi.org/10.1086/59723510.1086/59723519379099Search in Google Scholar
Galdys AL, Marsh JW, Delgado E, Pasculle AW, Pacey M, Ayres AM, Metzger A, Harrison LH, Muto CA. Bronchoscope-associated clusters of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2019 Jan;40(1):40–46. https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2018.263GaldysALMarshJWDelgadoEPasculleAWPaceyMAyresAMMetzgerAHarrisonLHMutoCA. Bronchoscope-associated clusters of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2019Jan;40(1):40–46. https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2018.26310.1017/ice.2018.26330451128Search in Google Scholar
Gastmeier P, Vonberg RP. Klebsiella spp. in endoscopy-associated infections: we may only be seeing the tip of the iceberg. Infection. 2014 Feb;42(1):15–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-013-0544-6GastmeierPVonbergRP. Klebsiella spp. in endoscopy-associated infections: we may only be seeing the tip of the iceberg. Infection. 2014Feb;42(1):15–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-013-0544-610.1007/s15010-013-0544-624166131Search in Google Scholar
Gu Q, Wang H, Fang Y, Lu Y, Shen Z, Wang Y, Wu X, Cen L, Chen Y. Analysis of an improved workflow of endoscope reprocessing for bedside endoscopic diagnosis and treatment on COVID-19 patients. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2020 May;21(5):416–422. https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B2000109GuQWangHFangYLuYShenZWangYWuXCenLChenY. Analysis of an improved workflow of endoscope reprocessing for bedside endoscopic diagnosis and treatment on COVID-19 patients. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2020May;21(5):416–422. https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B200010910.1631/jzus.B2000109721009532425010Search in Google Scholar
Guy M, Vanhems P, Dananché C, Perraud M, Regard A, Hulin M, Dauwalder O, Bertrand X, Crozon-Clauzel J, Floccard B, et al. Outbreak of pulmonary Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections related to contaminated bronchoscope suction valves, Lyon, France, 2014. Euro Surveill. 2016 Jul 14;21(28):21. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.28.30286GuyMVanhemsPDananchéCPerraudMRegardAHulinMDauwalderOBertrandXCrozon-ClauzelJFloccardB. Outbreak of pulmonary Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections related to contaminated bronchoscope suction valves, Lyon, France, 2014. Euro Surveill. 2016Jul14;21(28):21. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.28.3028610.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.28.3028627458712Search in Google Scholar
Jørgensen SB, Bojer MS, Boll EJ, Martin Y, Helmersen K, Skogstad M, Struve C. Heat-resistant, extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in endoscope-mediated outbreak. J Hosp Infect. 2016 May;93(1):57–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2016.01.014JørgensenSBBojerMSBollEJMartinYHelmersenKSkogstadMStruveC. Heat-resistant, extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in endoscope-mediated outbreak. J Hosp Infect. 2016May;93(1):57–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2016.01.01410.1016/j.jhin.2016.01.01426944906Search in Google Scholar
Kirschke DL, Jones TF, Craig AS, Chu PS, Mayernick GG, Patel JA, Schaffner W. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens contamination associated with a manufacturing defect in bronchoscopes. N Engl J Med. 2003 Jan 16;348(3):214–220. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa021791KirschkeDLJonesTFCraigASChuPSMayernickGGPatelJASchaffnerW. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens contamination associated with a manufacturing defect in bronchoscopes. N Engl J Med. 2003Jan16;348(3):214–220. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa02179110.1056/NEJMoa02179112529461Search in Google Scholar
Liao W, Quan J, Liu L, Zhao D, Jiang Y, Du X, Zhao F, Yu Y, Zhou Z. New insights into the mechanisms of colistin resistance in Klebsiella aerogenes of clinical origin. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020 Jun;55(6):105990. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105990LiaoWQuanJLiuLZhaoDJiangYDuXZhaoFYuYZhouZ. New insights into the mechanisms of colistin resistance in Klebsiella aerogenes of clinical origin. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020Jun;55(6):105990. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.10599010.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.10599032330580Search in Google Scholar
Liu Q, Liu L, Li Y, Chen X, Yan Q, Liu W. Fecal carriage and epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae among hospitalized patients in a university hospital. Infect Drug Resist. 2019 Dec;12:3935–3942. https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S233795LiuQLiuLLiYChenXYanQLiuW. Fecal carriage and epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae among hospitalized patients in a university hospital. Infect Drug Resist. 2019Dec;12:3935–3942. https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S23379510.2147/IDR.S233795692993631908504Search in Google Scholar
Ma DY, Huang HY, Zou H, Wu ML, Lin QX, Liu B, Huang SF. Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella aerogenes clinical isolates from a teaching hospital in Southwestern China: detailed molecular epidemiology, resistance determinants, risk factors and clinical outcomes. Infect Drug Resist. 2020 Feb;13:577–585. https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S235975MaDYHuangHYZouHWuMLLinQXLiuBHuangSF. Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella aerogenes clinical isolates from a teaching hospital in Southwestern China: detailed molecular epidemiology, resistance determinants, risk factors and clinical outcomes. Infect Drug Resist. 2020Feb;13:577–585. https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S23597510.2147/IDR.S235975703711732110068Search in Google Scholar
Malek A, McGlynn K, Taffner S, Fine L, Tesini B, Wang J, Mostafa H, Petry S, Perkins A, Graman P, et al. Next-generation-sequencing-based hospital outbreak investigation yields insight into Klebsiella aerogenes population structure and determinants of carbapenem resistance and pathogenicity. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2019 Jun;63(6):63. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.02577-18MalekAMcGlynnKTaffnerSFineLTesiniBWangJMostafaHPetrySPerkinsAGramanP. Next-generation-sequencing-based hospital outbreak investigation yields insight into Klebsiella aerogenes population structure and determinants of carbapenem resistance and pathogenicity. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2019Jun;63(6):63. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.02577-1810.1128/AAC.02577-18653551430910904Search in Google Scholar
Miao M, Wen H, Xu P, Niu S, Lv J, Xie X, Mediavilla JR, Tang YW, Kreiswirth BN, Zhang X, et al. Genetic diversity of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) clinical isolates from a tertiary hospital in Eastern China. Front Microbiol. 2019 Jan 15;9:3341. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.03341MiaoMWenHXuPNiuSLvJXieXMediavillaJRTangYWKreiswirthBNZhangX. Genetic diversity of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) clinical isolates from a tertiary hospital in Eastern China. Front Microbiol. 2019Jan15;9:3341. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.0334110.3389/fmicb.2018.03341634096130697205Search in Google Scholar
Passarelli-Araujo H, Palmeiro JK, Moharana KC, Pedrosa-Silva F, Dalla-Costa LM, Venancio TM. Genomic analysis unveils important aspects of population structure, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance in Klebsiella aerogenes. FEBS J. 2019a Oct; 286(19):3797–3810. https://doi.org/10.1111/febs.15005Passarelli-AraujoHPalmeiroJKMoharanaKCPedrosa-SilvaFDalla-CostaLMVenancioTM. Genomic analysis unveils important aspects of population structure, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance in Klebsiella aerogenes. FEBS J. 2019aOct; 286(19):3797–3810. https://doi.org/10.1111/febs.1500510.1111/febs.1500531319017Search in Google Scholar
Passarelli-Araujo H, Palmeiro JK, Moharana KC, Pedrosa-Silva F, Dalla-Costa LM, Venancio TM. Molecular epidemiology of 16S rRNA methyltransferase in Brazil: RmtG in Klebsiella aerogenes ST93 (CC4). An Acad Bras Cienc. 2019b;91 suppl 1:e20180762. https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-376520182018762Passarelli-AraujoHPalmeiroJKMoharanaKCPedrosa-SilvaFDalla-CostaLMVenancioTM. Molecular epidemiology of 16S rRNA methyltransferase in Brazil: RmtG in Klebsiella aerogenes ST93 (CC4). An Acad Bras Cienc. 2019b;91 suppl 1:e20180762. https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-37652018201876210.1590/0001-37652018201876230569971Search in Google Scholar
Price MN, Dehal PS, Arkin AP. FastTree: computing large minimum evolution trees with profiles instead of a distance matrix. Mol Biol Evol. 2009 Jul 01;26(7):1641–1650. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msp077PriceMNDehalPSArkinAP. FastTree: computing large minimum evolution trees with profiles instead of a distance matrix. Mol Biol Evol. 2009Jul01;26(7):1641–1650. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msp07710.1093/molbev/msp077269373719377059Search in Google Scholar
Qin X, Yang Y, Hu F, Zhu D. Hospital clonal dissemination of Enterobacter aerogenes producing carbapenemase KPC-2 in a Chinese teaching hospital. J Med Microbiol. 2014 Feb 01;63(2):222–228. https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.064865-0QinXYangYHuFZhuD. Hospital clonal dissemination of Enterobacter aerogenes producing carbapenemase KPC-2 in a Chinese teaching hospital. J Med Microbiol. 2014Feb01;63(2):222–228. https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.064865-010.1099/jmm.0.064865-024273320Search in Google Scholar
Shen X, Liu L, Yu J, Cao X, Zhan Q, Guo Y, Wang L, Yu F. Coexistence of blaNDM-1 and rmtC on a transferrable plasmid of a novel ST192 Klebsiella aerogenes clinical isolate. Infect Drug Resist. 2019 Dec;12:3883–3891. https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S228130ShenXLiuLYuJCaoXZhanQGuoYWangLYuF. Coexistence of blaNDM-1 and rmtC on a transferrable plasmid of a novel ST192 Klebsiella aerogenes clinical isolate. Infect Drug Resist. 2019Dec;12:3883–3891. https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S22813010.2147/IDR.S228130691669831853191Search in Google Scholar
Srinivasan A, Wolfenden LL, Song X, Mackie K, Hartsell TL, Jones HD, Diette GB, Orens JB, Yung RC, Ross TL, et al. An outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections associated with flexible bronchoscopes. N Engl J Med. 2003 Jan 16;348(3):221–227. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa021808SrinivasanAWolfendenLLSongXMackieKHartsellTLJonesHDDietteGBOrensJBYungRCRossTL. An outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections associated with flexible bronchoscopes. N Engl J Med. 2003Jan16;348(3):221–227. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa02180810.1056/NEJMoa02180812529462Search in Google Scholar
Tian D, Wang B, Zhang H, Pan F, Wang C, Shi Y, Sun Y. Dissemination of the blaNDM-5 gene via IncX3-type plasmid among Enterobacteriaceae in children. MSphere. 2020 Feb 26;5(1):5. https://doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00699-19TianDWangBZhangHPanFWangCShiYSunY. Dissemination of the blaNDM-5 gene via IncX3-type plasmid among Enterobacteriaceae in children. MSphere. 2020Feb26;5(1):5. https://doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00699-1910.1128/mSphere.00699-19695219331915216Search in Google Scholar
Zamani A. Rigid bronchoscopy induced bacterial translocation: is it a real threat? Eur Respir J. 2004 Feb;23(2):352.1–352, author reply 352–353. https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.03.00114303aZamaniA. Rigid bronchoscopy induced bacterial translocation: is it a real threat?Eur Respir J. 2004Feb;23(2):352.1–352, author reply 352–353. https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.03.00114303a10.1183/09031936.03.00114303aSearch in Google Scholar
Zankari E, Hasman H, Cosentino S, Vestergaard M, Rasmussen S, Lund O, Aarestrup FM, Larsen MV. Identification of acquired antimicrobial resistance genes. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2012 Nov 01;67(11):2640–2644. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dks261ZankariEHasmanHCosentinoSVestergaardMRasmussenSLundOAarestrupFMLarsenMV. Identification of acquired antimicrobial resistance genes. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2012Nov01;67(11):2640–2644. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dks26110.1093/jac/dks261346807822782487Search in Google Scholar
Zerbino DR, Birney E. Velvet: algorithms for de novo short read assembly using de Bruijn graphs. Genome Res. 2008 Feb 21; 18(5): 821–829. https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.074492.107ZerbinoDRBirneyE. Velvet: algorithms for de novo short read assembly using de Bruijn graphs. Genome Res. 2008Feb21; 18(5): 821–829. https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.074492.10710.1101/gr.074492.107233680118349386Search in Google Scholar
Zheng B, Xu H, Lv T, Guo L, Xiao Y, Huang C, Zhang S, Chen Y, Han H, Shen P, et al. Stool Samples of acute diarrhea inpatients as a reservoir of ST11 hypervirulent KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. mSystems. 2020 Jun 30;5(3):5. https://doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00498-20ZhengBXuHLvTGuoLXiaoYHuangCZhangSChenYHanHShenP. Stool Samples of acute diarrhea inpatients as a reservoir of ST11 hypervirulent KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. mSystems. 2020Jun30;5(3):5. https://doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00498-2010.1128/mSystems.00498-20731131832576652Search in Google Scholar
Zheng B, Zhang J, Ji J, Fang Y, Shen P, Ying C, Lv J, Xiao Y, Li L. Emergence of Raoultella ornithinolytica coproducing IMP-4 and KPC-2 carbapenemases in China. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2015 Nov;59(11):7086–7089. doi:10.1128/AAC.01363-15ZhengBZhangJJiJFangYShenPYingCLvJXiaoYLiL. Emergence of Raoultella ornithinolytica coproducing IMP-4 and KPC-2 carbapenemases in China. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2015Nov;59(11):7086–7089. http://doi:10.1128/AAC.01363-1510.1128/AAC.01363-15460441826282422Search in Google Scholar
