The present approaches to the development of prophylactic and therapeutic antidotes against nerve agents

Bajgar J. (2004) Organophosphates/nerve agent poisoning: mechanism of action, diagnosis, prophylaxis and treatment. Adv Clin Chem 38: 151-216.10.1016/S0065-2423(04)38006-6Search in Google Scholar

Bajgar J, Fusek J, Jun D, Kuca K, Bartosova L. (2007a) Possibility of pharmacological prophylaxis against highly toxic organophosphates. Chem Listy 101: 81-83.Search in Google Scholar

Bajgar J, Hajek P, Karasova J, Slizova D, Krs O, Kuca K, Jun D, Fusek J, Capek L. (2007b) Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase in different structures of the rat brain following soman intoxication pretreated with Huperzine A. Int J Mol Sci 8: 1165-1176.10.3390/i8111165Search in Google Scholar

Bajgar J, Bartosova L, Kuca K, Jun D, Fusek J. (2007c) Changes in cholinesterase activities in the rat blood and brain after sarin intoxication pretreated with butyrylcholinesterase. Drug Chem Toxicol 30: 351-359.10.1080/01480540701522395Search in Google Scholar

Clement JG, Hansen AS, Boulet CA. (1992). Efficacy of HLö-7 and pyrimidoxime as antidotes of nerve agent poisoning in mice. Arch Toxicol 66: 216-219.Search in Google Scholar

Doctor BP, Raveh L, Wolfe AD, Maxwell DM, Ashani Y. (1991) Enzymes as pretreatment drugs for organophosphate toxicity. Neurosci Behav Rev 15: 123-128.10.1016/S0149-7634(05)80103-4Search in Google Scholar

Doctor BP, Maxwell DM, Saxena A. (1997) Preparation and characterization of bioscavengers for possible use against organophosphate toxicity. m-CB Medical Treatment Symposium, 26-30 May 1997, Hradec Kralove. Abstracts p. 17-18.Search in Google Scholar

Dohnal V, Kuca K, Jun D. (2005) Prediction of a new broad-spectrum reactivator capable to reactivate acetylcholinesterase inhibited by nerve agents. J Appl Biomed 3: 139-145.10.32725/jab.2005.018Search in Google Scholar

Ekström F, Akfur C, Tunemalm AK, Lundberg S. (2006) Structural changes of phenylalanine 338 and histidine 447 revealed by the crystal structures of tabun-inhibited murine acetylcholinesterase. Biochemistry 45: 74-81.10.1021/bi051286tSearch in Google Scholar

Ellman GL, Courtney DK, Andres V Jr, Feartherstone RM. (1961) A new and rapid colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity. Biochem Pharmacol 7: 88-93.10.1016/0006-2952(61)90145-9Search in Google Scholar

Fusek J, Bajgar J, Merka V. (2006) Prophylaxe von Vergiftungen mit Nervenkampfstoffen Ergebnisse einer Klinischen Studie. Koord. Sanitatsdienst 24: 48-53.Search in Google Scholar

Fusek J, Bajgar J, Merka V. (2007) Medikamntose Prophylaxe bei Vergiftungen mit Nervenkampfstoffen. Koord. Sanitatsdienst 25: 41-47.Search in Google Scholar

Gordon JJ, Leadbetter L, Maidment MP. (1978) The protection of animals against organophosphate poisoning by pretreatment with a carbamate. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 43: 207-216.10.1016/S0041-008X(78)80045-3Search in Google Scholar

Gordon RK, Haigh JR, Garcia GE, Feaster SR, Riel MA, Lenz DE. (2005) Oral administration of pyridostigmine bromide and huperzine A protects human whole blood cholinesterases from ex in vivo exposure to soman. Chem- Biol Interact 157: 239-246.10.1016/j.cbi.2005.10.03116256090Search in Google Scholar

Kassa J, Vachek J, Bajgar J, Fusek J. (2001) A combination of pyridostigmine with anticholinergic drugs: effective pharmacological pretreatment of soman-poisoned mice. ASA Newslett 84: 16-19.Search in Google Scholar

Kassa J, Karasova J, Musilek K, Kuca K. (2008) An evaluation of therapeutic and reactivating effects of newly developed oximes (K156, K203) and commonly used oximes (obidoxime, trimedoxime, HI-6) in tabun-poisoned rats and mice. Toxicology 243: 311-316.10.1016/j.tox.2007.10.01518054821Search in Google Scholar

Kuca K, Kassa J. (2003) A comparison of the ability of a new bispyridinium oxime - 1-(4-hydroxyiminomethylpyridinium)-4-(4-carbamoylpyridinium) butane dibromide and currently used oximes to reactivate nerve agent-inhibited rat brain acetylcholinesterase by in vitro methods. J Enzym Inhib Med Chem 8: 529-535.10.1080/14756360310001605552Search in Google Scholar

Kuca K, Bielavsky J, Cabal J, Kassa J. (2003) Synthesis of a new reactivator of tabun-inhibited acetylcholinesterase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 13: 3545-3547.10.1016/S0960-894X(03)00751-0Search in Google Scholar

Kuca K, Cabal J, Musilek K, Jun D, Bajgar J. (2005) Effective bisquaternary reactivators of tabun-inhibited AChE. J Appl Toxicol 25: 491-495.10.1002/jat.1084Search in Google Scholar

Kuca K, Jun D, Musilek K. (2006) Structural requirements of acetylcholinesterase reactivators. Mini Rev Med Chem 6: 269-277.10.2174/138955706776073510Search in Google Scholar

Lallement G, Taille V, Baubichon D, Carpentier P, Collombet JM, Filliat P, et al. (2002) Review of the value of huperzine as pretreatment of organophosphate poisoning. NeuroToxicology 23: 1-5.10.1016/S0161-813X(02)00015-3Search in Google Scholar

Musilek K, Kuca K, Jun D, Dolezal M. (2006) Synthesis of bispyridinium compounds bearing propane linker and evaluation of their reactivation activity against tabun- and paraoxon-inhibited acetylcholinesterase. Lett Org Chem 3: 831-835.10.2174/157017806779117012Search in Google Scholar

Musilek K, Holas O, Kuca K, Jun D, Dohnal V, Opletalova V, Dolezal M. (2007a) Novel series of bispyridinium compounds bearing a (Z)-but-2-ene Linker - Synthesis and evaluation of their reactivation activity against tabun and paraoxon-inhibited acetylcholinesterase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 17: 3172-3176.10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.03.02517383875Search in Google Scholar

Musilek K, Holas O, Jun D, Dohnal V, Gunn-Moore F, Opletalova V, Dolezal M, Kuca K. (2007b). Monooxime reactivators of acetylcholinesterase with (E)-but-2-ene linker - Preparation and reactivation of tabun and paraoxon-inhibited acetylcholinesterase. Bioorg Med Chem 15: 6733-6741.10.1016/j.bmc.2007.08.00217764957Search in Google Scholar

Musilek K, Jun D, Cabal J, Kassa J, Gunn-Moore F, Kuca K. (2007c) Design of a potent reactivator of tabun-inhibited acetylcholinesterase - synthesis and evaluation of (E)-1-(4-carbamoylpyridinium)-4-(4-hydroxyiminomethylpyridinium)-but-2-ene dibromide (K203) J Med Chem 50: 5514-5518.10.1021/jm070653r17924614Search in Google Scholar

Patocka J, Jun D, Bajgar J, Kuca K. (2006) Prophylaxis against nerve agent intoxication. Def Sci J 56: 775-784.10.14429/dsj.56.1941Search in Google Scholar

Saxena A, Doctor BP, Sun W, Luo C, Bansal R, Naik RS, et al. (2004) HuBChE: A bioscavanger for protection against organophosphate chemical warfare agents. US Army Med Dep J 7: 22-29.Search in Google Scholar

Sevelova L, Bajgar J, Saxena A, Doctor BP. (2004) Protective effect of equine butyrylcholinesterase in inhalation intoxication of rats with sarin: determination of blood and brain cholinesterase activities. Inhal Toxicol 16: 531-536.10.1080/0895837049044251115204744Search in Google Scholar

Tallarida R, Murray R. (1987) Manual of Pharmacological Calculation with Computer Programs. Springer-Verlag, New York.Search in Google Scholar