Changes in the Growth and Development of Adolescents in a Country in Socio-Economic Transition 1993–2013
, , y | 25 jun 2020
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Article Category: Original scientific article
Publicado en línea: 25 jun 2020
Páginas: 164 - 171
Recibido: 19 nov 2019
Aceptado: 02 jun 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/sjph-2020-0021
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© 2020 Tatjana Robič Pikel et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Typical values of body measurements (mean and standard deviation (SD)) in 14-year-old males and females in Slovenia in 1993, 2003 and 2013. ANOVA – one-way analysis of variance, HSD – honestly significant difference.
| Subject number [N] | 222 | 236 | 216 | ||||
| Age [years] | 14.1 (0.4) | 14.0 (0.3) | 14.2 (0.3) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.004 |
| Body height [cm] | 167.6 (8.7) | 165.1 (8.3) | 169.0 (7.7) | <0.001 | 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.089 |
| Leg length [cm] | 96.4 (6.1) | 95.7 (5.8) | 98.9 (5.5) | <0.001 | 0.234 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Trunk length [cm] | 71.3 (4.5) | 69.4 (4.5) | 70.1 (5.2) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.103 | 0.012 |
| Leg-to-body height ratio [%] | 57.5 (1.8) | 58.0 (1.8) | 58.5 (2.2) | 0.017 | 0.003 | 0.004 | <0.001 |
| Leg-to-trunk ratio | 1.36 (0.10) | 1.38 (0.09) | 1.42 (0.16) | <0.001 | 0.002 | 0.004 | <0.001 |
| Subject number [N] | 179 | 209 | 163 | ||||
| Age [years] | 14.0 (0.5) | 14.0 (0.3) | 14.2 (0.3) | <0.001 | 0.788 | <0.001 | 0.002 |
| Body height [cm] | 162.6 (6.8) | 161.2 (5.9) | 163.2 (5.9) | 0.004 | 0.028 | 0.001 | 0.345 |
| Leg length [cm] | 92.8 (4.8) | 92.1 (4.5) | 92.5 (4.6) | 0.314 | 0.129 | 0.457 | 0.473 |
| Trunk length [cm] | 69.8 (3.7) | 69.1 (3.8) | 70.8 (3.5) | <0.001 | 0.067 | <0.001 | 0.009 |
| Leg-to-body height ratio [%] | 57.1 (1.6) | 57.1 (1.9) | 56.6 (1.7) | 0.011 | 0.719 | 0.006 | 0.009 |
| Leg-to-trunk ratio | 1.33 (0.09) | 1.34 (0.12) | 1.31 (0.09) | 0.016 | 0.616 | 0.010 | 0.011 |
Mean (standard deviation (SD)) peak height velocity (PHV) of males and females in the 1993 and 2013 generations. Height increments for the calculation of PHV were obtained for each subject of the two generations from the annual anthropometric measurements performed nationally at schools. Any presented age is the lower margin of an annual interval in which the PHV was observed. The t-test relates to a difference in PHV between 1993 and 2013. NA – not applicable.
| Age at PHV [years] | |||||
| 10 | 4 {3} | 2 {1} | 6.8 (2.3) | 10.2 (5.4) | NA |
| 11 | 5 {5} | 33 {16} | 11.0 (0.4) | 8.6 (1.9) | 0.003 |
| 12 | 34 {29} | 33 {16} | 10.1 (2.2) | 9.2 (1.8) | 0.037 |
| 13 | 40 {33} | 97 {46} | 9.4 (2.0) | 9.9 (1.5) | 0.048 |
| 14 | 36 {30} | 44 {21} | 9.5 (1.5) | 9.2 (2.1) | 0.237 |
| Total | 119 {100} | 209 {100} | 9.6 (2.0) | 9.4 (1.9) | 0.203 |
| Age at PHV [years] | |||||
| 10 | 30 {26} | 32 {31} | 8.4 (1.8) | 8.0 (1.7) | 0.220 |
| 11 | 32 {27} | 34 {33} | 8.5 (1.7) | 7.8 (1.2) | 0.042 |
| 12 | 44 {38} | 25 {25} | 8.4 (1.4) | 8.1 (2.2) | 0.282 |
| 13 | 6 {5} | 10 {10} | 8.1 (1.9) | 8.2 (2.5) | 0.413 |
| 14 | 5 {4} | 1 {1} | 7.2 (0.8) | 7.0 (NA) | NA |
| 117 {100} | 102 {100} | 8.3 (1.6) | 8.0 (1.7) | 0.066 | |