<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec id="j_sjcapp-2022-0003_s_005"><h3>Background</h3>
<p>This study explored the metacognitive awareness and emotional resilience levels of children suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (n=60) with typically developing children (n=30).</p></sec>
<sec id="j_sjcapp-2022-0003_s_006"><h3>Methods</h3>
<p>Measures included Metacognitive Awareness Inventory and Resiliency Scales for Children and Adolescents filled out by participants, the List of Adverse Life Events, Turgay DSM-IV-Based Disruptive Behavior Disorders Scale, and Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale—Parent Form filled out by parents.</p></sec>
<sec id="j_sjcapp-2022-0003_s_007"><h3>Results</h3>
<p>Metacognitive awareness and emotional resilience were found to be low in the children with ADHD. Emotional resilience increases as metacognitive awareness increases. Metacognitive awareness decreased in the presence of heightened ADHD, anxiety, and/or depression symptoms expressed by the parents' questionnaires (p &lt; 0.001, r = −0.438; p &lt; 0.001, r = −0.403; and p &lt; 0.001, r = −0.421).</p></sec>
<sec id="j_sjcapp-2022-0003_s_008"><h3>Conclusions</h3>
<p>Findings identified that metacognitive skills and emotional resilience are affected in ADHD.</p></sec>
</abstract>

Background
This study explored the metacognitive awareness and emotional resilience levels of children suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (n=60) with typically developing children (n=30).
Methods
Measures included Metacognitive Awareness Inventory and Resiliency Scales for Children and Adolescents filled out by participants, the List of Adverse Life Events, Turgay DSM-IV-Based Disruptive Behavior Disorders Scale, and Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale—Parent Form filled out by parents.
Results
Metacognitive awareness and emotional resilience were found to be low in the children with ADHD. Emotional resilience increases as metacognitive awareness increases. Metacognitive awareness decreased in the presence of heightened ADHD, anxiety, and/or depression symptoms expressed by the parents' questionnaires (p < 0.001, r = −0.438; p < 0.001, r = −0.403; and p < 0.001, r = −0.421).
Conclusions
Findings identified that metacognitive skills and emotional resilience are affected in ADHD.

Metacognitive awareness and emotional resilience in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Background
This study explored the metacognitive awareness and emotional resilience levels of children suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder...

		MAI total score	RSCA total score	LALE total score	T-DSM-IV-S total score	RCADS-P depression score	RCADS-P anxiety score	RCADS-P total score
MAI total score	r	1.000
	p	.
	r	-.404	1.000
RSCA total score	p	0.000^**	.
LALE total score	r	-.158	.101	1.000
	p	.144	.352	.
T-DSM-IV-S	r	-.438	.434	.145	1.000
total score	p	0.000^*	0.000^*	.183^*	.
RCADS-P	r	-.403	.308	.281	.725	1.000
depression score	p	0.000^*	0.003^*	0.009^*	0.000^*	.
RCADS-P anxiety	r	-.421	.338	.281	.624	.785	1.000
score	p	0.000^*	0.001^*	0.009^*	0.000^*	0.000^*	.
RCADS-P total	r	-.426	.356	.283	.684	.887	.977	1.000
score	p	0.000^*	0.001^*	0.008^*	0.000^*	0.000^*	0.000^*	.

	Children with ADHD Mean ±SD	Control Group Mean ±SD	p
LALE total score	1.96 ±2.32	1.48 ±1.97	0.500*
MAI total score	13.51 ±4.72	17.80 ±3.04	<0.001**
RSCA sensitivity score	12.71 ±5.18	7.90 ±4.80	<0.001**
RSCA recovery score	4.93 ±3.11	3.03 ±3.32	0.001*
RSCA impairment score	15.25 ±7.93	9.17 ±7,82	0.001*
RSCA total score	32.90 ±13.42	19.70 ±13.95	<0.001**
T-DSM-IV-S total score	34.83 ±16.93	11.30 ±9.17	<0.001*
RCADS-P depression score	9.17 ±6.41	2.76 ±3.75	<0.001*
RCADS-P anxiety score	31.03 ±21.14	14.53 ±11.91	<0.001*
RCADS-P total score	40.20 ±25.94	17.30 ±15.24	<0.001*

Metacognitive awareness and emotional resilience in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Article Category: Research Article

Publicado en línea: 07 jun 2022

Páginas: 33 - 39

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/sjcapp-2022-0003

Palabras clave
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, child, adverse life events, metacognitive awareness, emotional resilience

© 2022 Hatice Ünver, Ayşe Rodopman Arman, Şerife Nur Akpunar, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Correlations between the scores of MAI and total scores of RSCA, LALE, RCADS-P and T-DSM-IV-S

Comparison of the scale scores between groups

Metacognitive awareness and emotional resilience in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Article Category: Research Article

Publicado en línea: 07 jun 2022

Páginas: 33 - 39

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/sjcapp-2022-0003

Palabras claveAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder, child, adverse life events, metacognitive awareness, emotional resilience

© 2022 Hatice Ünver, Ayşe Rodopman Arman, Şerife Nur Akpunar, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Correlations between the scores of MAI and total scores of RSCA, LALE, RCADS-P and T-DSM-IV-S

Comparison of the scale scores between groups

Palabras clave
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, child, adverse life events, metacognitive awareness, emotional resilience