Modeling of rigid inclusion ground improvements in large-scale geotechnical simulations

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List of elastic parameters for soil without column with comparison to equivalent medium corresponding to specific soil with inclusion_

Layer	Eo	ν	Eo, eff	νeff
-	MPa	-	MPa	-
IIIa	22	0.37	2363	0.01
B1	45	0.44	2457	0.05
Cb1	35	0.48	2569	0.10
B2	140	0.42	2624	0.09
B3	180	0.43	2724	0.12
Cb2	150	0.46	2796	0.17

List of geotechnical parameters for rock layers_

Rock layers adopted for computations	Depth range	Density P	Deformation modulus Eo	Poisson ratio ν	Friction angle □	Cohesion c
-	m	g/cm3	MPa	-	°	kPa
A	-	2.22	18	0.25	21.0	500
B	<6	2.25	45	0.44	19.0	400
B	6–14	2.25	140	0.42	19.0	400
B	>14	2.35	180	0.43	19.0	400
Ca	-	2.28	42	0.46	18.0	100
Cb1	<16	2.35	35	0.48	18.5	200
Cb2	>16	2.35	150	0.46	18.5	200
Cc	-	2.25	4	0.45	18.5	200
D	-	2.15	14	0.50	19.0	400

List of geotechnical parameters for soils_

Layer name	Soil type	Liquidity index/density index	Density ρ	Modulus Eo	Poisson ratio ν	Friction angle f	Cohesion c
-	-	-	g/cm3	MPa	-	°	kPa
Soils
IIc	siCl, saCl	IL<0.25	2.08	6.0	0.32	11	30
IId	siCl, saCl	0.25< IL <0.5	2.00	3.9	0.32	8	20
IIe	siCl, saCl	0.5< IL <1.0	1.98	3.6	0.32	6	10
IIb	Gr, saGr	0.33<ID<0.67	1.90	80	0.32	38	0
IIa	MSa	0.33<ID<0.67	1.75	60	0.32	32	0
IIc	saCl	0.25< IL <0.5	2.15	27	0.32	23	20
IIf	grCl	0.5< IL <1.0	2.12	9	0.32	18	10
IIIa	Cl	IL <0	2.15	22	0.37	13	60
IIIb	Cl	0< IL <0.25	2.00	17	0.37	11	52
IIIc	Cl	0.25< IL <0.5	1.85	12	0.37	9	44
Dam body			2.20	55	0.32	33	0
Impermeable core			2.20	25	0.3	15	15

Summary of displacement values_

	Maximum vertical displacement of the conduit pipe	Maximum difference in displacement between subsequent segments
Subsoil without columns	6.2 cm	2.2 cm
Subsoil with column (Approach II)	3.7 cm	0.9 cm
Subsoil with column (Approach III)	2.6 cm	0.8 cm