Parameter | Pit 1 | Pit 2 | Pit 3 | Pit 4 | Pit 5 | Pit 6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Burden(m) | 0.7 | 0.82 | 0.85 | 0.85 | 0.7 | 0.85 |
Spacing (m) | 0.85 | 0.96 | 1.10 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.1 |
Hole depth (m) | 1.25 | 1.3 | 1.35 | 1.3 | 1.35 | 1.35 |
Drill pattern | staggered | Staggered | staggered | staggered | staggered | square |
Hole diameter (m) | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 |
Drill hole depth (m) | 1.25 | 1.3 | 1.35 | 1.3 | 1.35 | 1.3 |
Stemming (m) | 0.65 | 0.7 | 0.66 | 0.66 | 0.7 | 0.6 |
Drilling accuracy | 0.054 | 0.054 | 0.054 | 0.054 | 0.054 | 0.054 |
Charge length (m) | 0.65-0.7 | 0.67-0.76 | 0.6-0.76 | 0.6-0.7 | 0.6-0.78 | 0.6-0.8 |
Charge weight (kg) | 0.96-1.02 | 0.80-0.95 | 0.9-1.14 | 0.8-0.85 | 0.6-0.8 | 0.65-0.85 |
Crusher gap (m) | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.28 |
Blast parameters | Blast before ANN model design | Blast with BlastFrag model design |
---|---|---|
Diameter (mm) | 0.04 | 0.04 |
Burden (m) | 0.7 | 0.8 |
Spacing (m) | 1.1 | 1.2 |
Drill hole length (m) | 1.3 | 1.4 |
Rock average specific gravity | 2.8 | 2.8 |
Production per hole blasted (Tonnes) | 2.59 | 3.76 |
Percent oversize | 68.4% | 27.83% |
Percent undersize | 50% | 72.17% |
Mean size (mm) | 418.0 | 101.6 |
Profit from blast per hole (Naira) | 10,360 | 15,040 |
Cost per hole charge (Naira) | 1000 | 950 |
Parameter | Pit 1 | Pit 2 | Pit 3 | Pit 4 | Pit 5 | Pit 6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Charge length (m) | 0.65-0.7 | 0.67-0.76 | 0.6-0.76 | 0.6-0.7 | 0.6-0.78 | 0.6-0.8 |
Type of explosive | Dynogel | Dynogel | Dynogel | Dynogel | Dynogel | Dynogel |
Density of ANFO (kg/m3) | 820 | 820 | 820 | 820 | 820 | 820 |
Density of explosive (kg/m3) | 1190 | 1190 | 1190 | 1190 | 1190 | 1190 |
Powder factor (kg/m3) | 0.8-0.0.9 | 0.0.7-0.8 | 0.5-0.6 | 0.5-0.86 | 0.6-1.0 | 0.7-0.85 |
RWS | 1.45 | 1.45 | 1.45 | 1.45 | 1.45 | 1.45 |
VOD (m/s) | 5250 | 5250 | 5250 | 5250 | 5250 | 5250 |
Explosive strength | 1.45 | 1.45 | 1.45 | 1.45 | 1.45 | 1.45 |
Models | Blasting Parameters | R2 | RMSE |
---|---|---|---|
ANN model | Oversize (%) | 0.927 | 1.09 |
Undersize (%) | 0.866 | 1.14 | |
Mean-size (mm) | 0.930 | 3.46 | |
Modified | Oversize (%) | 0.111 | 4.48 |
Kuz-Ram model | Undersize (%) | 0.073 | 4.58 |
Mean-size (mm) | 0.157 | 14.03 |
Parameter | Pit 1 | Pit 2 | Pit 3 | Pit 4 | Pit 5 | Pit 6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Uniaxial compressive strength (MPa) | 173.75 | 178.75 | 171.25 | 167.75 | 168.75 | 186.25 |
Joint spacing (m) | 0.76 | 0.26 | 0.64 | 0.20 | 0.32 | 0.28 |
Dip direction (0) | 298 | 312 | 260 | 034 | 312 | 064 |
Dip angle (0) | 58 | 30 | 74 | 42 | 48 | 78 |
Rock density (kg/m3) | 2804 | 2790 | 2886 | 2760 | 2860 | 2800 |
Young modulus (GPa) | 60 | 75 | 75 | 68.5 | 60 | 75 |
Parameter | Symbol | Range | Parameter | Symbol | Range |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UCs | U | 160-186.25Mpa | % oversize | Q | 23.3%-70% |
Density | M | 2800-2886 kg/m3 | % undersize | Y | 32%-72.1% |
Spacing | S | 0.8-1.1 m | Mean size (mm) | V | 220%--480 mm |
Hole depth | D | 1.25-1.35 m | |||
Stemming length | T | 0.6-0.7 m | |||
Hole diameter | H | 0.04 m | |||
Powder factor | K | 0.6-1.0 kg/m3 | |||
Charge weight | W | 0.6-0.96 kg | |||
Burden | B | 0.7-0.85 m |