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Correlation between ankle–brachial index, wall motion score index, and SYNTAX score in acute coronary syndrome patients


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Figure 1

Correlation between ABI and the SYNTAX score (r = −0.40, P-value 0.001). ABI, ankle–brachial index.
Correlation between ABI and the SYNTAX score (r = −0.40, P-value 0.001). ABI, ankle–brachial index.

Figure 2

Correlation between WMSI and the SYNTAX score (r = 0.30, P-value 0.001). WMSI, wall motion score index.
Correlation between WMSI and the SYNTAX score (r = 0.30, P-value 0.001). WMSI, wall motion score index.

Figure 3

Correlation between WMSI and ABI (r = 0.36, P-value 0.001). ABI, ankle–brachial index; WMSI, wall motion score index.
Correlation between WMSI and ABI (r = 0.36, P-value 0.001). ABI, ankle–brachial index; WMSI, wall motion score index.

Sociodemographic, clinical, ECG, echocardiographic, laboratory, ABI, and angiographic characteristics of the two SYNTAX groups

Parameters Group A (n = 95) Group B (n = 30) P-value
Age (mean ± SD) in years 54.79 ± 8.7 56.13 ± 10.8 0.49
Sex, male (%) 49 (51.6) 19 (63.3) 0.26
Smoking (%) 56 (58.9) 21 (70) 0.28
Diabetes mellitus (%) 22 (23.2) 21 (70) 0.001
Hypertension (%) 38 (40) 16 (53.3) 0.19
Family history of IHD (%) 8 (8.4) 3 (10) 0.79
Dyslipidemia (%) 71 (74.7) 26 (86.7) 0.17
Diagnosis
UA and NSTEMI (%) 52 (54.7) 14 (46.7) 0.44
STEMI (%) 43 (45.3) 16 (53.3)
Medications
Beta blockers (%) 94 (98.9) 29 (96.7) 0.39
ACE-inhibitors/ARBs (%) 73 (76.8) 23 (76.7) 0.98
Calcium channel blockers (%) 4 (4.2) 2 (6.7) 0.58
ECG, abnormal (%) 74 (77.9) 27 (90) 0.14
EF (mean ± SD) 56.91 ± 9.9 51.53 ± 11.7 0.02
RWMA (%) 51 (53.7) 26 (86.7) 0.001
WMSI (mean ± SD) 1.20 ± 0.26 1.44 ± 0.27 0.001
Lipogram
Total cholesterol (mean ± SD) 192.63 ± 41.9 236.27 ± 26.7 0.001
Triglycerides (mean ± SD) 178.06 ± 49.4 205.73 ± 34.6 0.02
LDL (mean ± SD) 123.00 ± 23.7 155.77 ± 21.9 0.001
HDL (mean ± SD) 37.47 ± 7.1 39.43 ± 6.9 0.19
ABI (mean ± SD) 0.99 ± 0.2 0.81 ± 0.3 0.001
<0.9 (%) 34 (35.8) 27 (90) 0.001
≥0.9 (%) 61 (64.2) 3 (10)
Number of affected vessels (mean ± SD) 1.31 ± 0.9 3.0 ± 0.5 0.001
Nonsignificant or one vessel (%) 61 (64.2) 0 (0) 0.001
Two or more vessels (%) 34 (35.8) 30 (100)

Sociodemographic, clinical, ECG, echocardiographic, laboratory, ABI, and angiographic characteristics of our study population

Parameters N = 125
Age (mean ± SD) in years 55.11 ± 9.25
Sex, male (%) 68 (54.4)
Smoking (%) 77 (61.6)
Diabetes mellitus (%) 43 (34.4)
Hypertension (%) 54 (43.2)
Family history of IHD (%) 11 (8.8)
Dyslipidemia (%) 97 (77.6)
Diagnosis
UA (%) 46 (36.8)
STEMI (%) 59 (47.2)
NSTEMI (%) 20 (16.0)
Medications
Beta blockers (%) 123 (98.8)
ACE-inhibitors/ARBs (%) 96 (76.8)
Calcium channel blockers (%) 6 (4.8)
ECG, abnormal (%) 101 (80.8)
Ejection fraction (mean ± SD) 55.62 ± 10.56
Wall motion abnormalities (%) 77 (61.6)
WMSI (mean ± SD) 1.26 ± 0.28
Lipogram
Total cholesterol (mean ± SD) 203.10 ± 43.00
Triglycerides (mean ± SD) 184.70 ± 47.65
LDL (mean ± SD) 130.86 ± 27.12
HDL (mean ± SD) 37.94 ± 7.09
ABI (mean ± SD) 0.95 ± 0.23
<0.9 (%) 61 (48.8)
≥0.9 (%) 64 (51.2)
SYNTAX score (mean ± SD) 18.55 ± 10.42
Low (0–22) (%) 68 (54.4)
Moderate (23–32) (%) 27 (21.6)
High (≥33) (%) 30 (24)
Number of affected vessels (mean ± SD) 1.71 ± 1.08
Nonsignificant (%) 17 (13.6)
One (%) 44 (35.2)
Two (%) 22 (17.6)
Three or more (%) 42 (33.6)

Sociodemographic, clinical, ECG, echocardiographic, laboratory, and angiographic characteristics of the two ABI groups

Parameters Group I (n = 64) Group II (n = 61) P-value
Age (mean ± SD) in years 55.33 ± 8.9 54.89 ± 9.7 0.79
Sex, male (%) 37 (57.8) 31 (50.8) 0.43
Smoking (%) 32 (50) 45 (73.8) 0.006
Diabetes mellitus (%) 14 (21.9) 29 (47.5) 0.003
Hypertension (%) 25 (39.1) 29 (47.5) 0.33
Family history of IHD (%) 6 (9.4) 5 (8.2) 0.82
Dyslipidemia (%) 49 (76.6) 48 (78.7) 0.78
Diagnosis
UA and NSTEMI (%) 38 (59.4) 28 (45.9) 0.13
STEMI (%) 26 (40.6) 33 (54.1)
Medications
Beta-blockers (%) 63 (98.4) 60 (98.4) 0.97
ACE-inhibitors/ARBs (%) 48 (75) 48 (78.7) 0.63
Calcium channel blockers (%) 2 (3.1) 4 (6.6) 0.37
ECG, abnormal (%) 50 (78.1) 51 (83.6) 0.44
EF (mean ± SD) 57.16 ± 9.9 54.00 ± 11.1 0.095
RWMA (%) 31 (48.4) 46 (75.4) 0.002
WMSI (mean ± SD) 1.14 ± 0.21 1.37 ± 0.29 0.001
Lipogram
Total cholesterol (mean ± SD) 184.88 ± 40.3 222.23 ± 37.3 0.001
Triglycerides (mean ± SD) 177.80 ± 56.8 191.95 ± 34.6 0.097
LDL (mean ± SD) 121.91 ± 25.4 140.26 ± 25.8 0.001
HDL (mean ± SD) 38.05 ± 8.4 37.84 ± 5.5 0.87
SYNTAX score (mean ± SD) 11.11 ± 7.0 20.21 ± 11.4 0.001
Low (0–32) (%) 61 (95.3) 34 (55.7) 0.001
High (≥33) (%) 3 (4.7) 27 (44.3)
Number of affected vessels (mean ± SD) 1.25 ± 0.9 2.20 ± 1.0 0.001
Nonsignificant or one vessel (%) 45 (70.3) 16 (26.2) 0.001
Two or more vessels (%) 19 (29.7) 45 (73.8)

Logistic regression model for the predictors of high SYNTAX score

Factor Bivariate Multivariable
OR (95% CI) P-value AOR (95% CI) P-value
Age/years 1.016 (0.971–1.064) =0.487 1.011 (0.919–1.080) =0.928
Sex (male) 1.622 (0.697–3.773) =0.262 2.208 (0.828–5.889) =0.114
ABI (<0.9) 16.15 (4.65–57.18) <0.001 10.95 (1.87–24.18) =0.008
EF% 0.953 (0.916–0.992) =0.018 0.938 (0.861–0.984) =0.041
WMSI 10.71 (9.75–11.92) <0.001 7.63 (5.65–9.23) =0.004
No. of affected vessels 3.242 (0.024–12.03) <0.001 2.413 (1.033–6.118) 0.044
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