Inclusion criteria | Exclusion criteria |
---|---|
Histologically confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer | Bilirubin level > 1.5x upper limit normal |
Radiological evidence of liver metastases | Transaminase (AST/ALT) > 2.5x upper limit normal |
Liver only or liver predominant with stable extra-hepatic disease | Creatinine > 1.2x upper limit normal |
Progressive under (multi-line) systemic chemo or hormonal therapy | Glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 |
Eligible for intra-arterial therapy | Neutrophils < 1000/μL |
Age > 18 years | Thrombocytes < 100x109/L |
Karnofsky performance > 70 | Lung shunt fraction > 20% |
Allergy to contrast media | |
Active use of oral anticoagulation |
Treatment | 90Y SIRT | MMC | MMC | MMC | MMC | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fatigue | 2/16 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3/3 | - | 2/6 | - |
Pain | 5/16 | 2/16 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1/6 | - |
Nausea | 3/16 | 2/16 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1/6 | - |
Emesis | 2/16 | 2/16 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1/6 | - |
Gastrointestinal ulcer | - | 4/16 | 1/16 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Leukopenia | 2/16 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2/3 | - | 4/6 | 2/6 |
Thrombocytopenia | 3/16 | 1/16 | - | 1/2 | - | 1/1 | - | 3/3 | - | 4/6 | 2/6 |
Anaemia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4/6 | - |
Increased aspartate aminotransferase | 5/16 | 1/16 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2/6 | - |
Increased alanine aminotransferase | 3/16 | 1/16 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1/6 | - |
Increased bilirubin | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1/3 | 1/3 | - | - |
Increased alkaline phosphatase | 2/16 | 1/16 | - | - | - | - | - | 1/3 | - | 2/6 | - |
Decreased eGFR | - | 1/16 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Increased gamma-glutamyl transferase | 4/16 | 1/16 | - | - | - | - | - | 1/3 | - | 4/6 | - |
Patient Characteristics | N = 16 |
---|---|
Median months from diagnosis metastatic disease until start of study | 28 (8–91) |
Median age at start study in years (range) | 59 (26–77) |
Diagnosis of liver metastasis | |
Synchronous | 2 (12.5%) |
Metachronous | 14 (87.5%) |
Hormone status of liver metastasis (n = 15) | |
Estrogen receptor (positive) | 8 (53%) |
Progesterone receptor (positive) | 8 (53%) |
HER2Neu receptor (negative) | 15 (100%) |
Triple negative receptor status | 6 (40%) |
Tumor burden liver | |
< 25% | 9 (56%) |
25%–50% | 6 (38%) |
50%–75% | 1 (6%) |
Prior hepatic treatment | |
Surgery/Ablation | 1 (6.3%) |
Median number of chemotherapy regimens for stage 4 disease | 3 (0–8) |
Extra-hepatic sites of metastases | |
Yes | 9 (56%) |
No | 7 (44%) |
Number of additional metastatic sites | |
1 | 5 (31%) |
2 | 2 (13%) |
≥ 3 | 2 (13%) |
Location of extrahepatic metastases | |
Bone | 5 (31%) |
Lung | 3 (19%) |
Non-locoregional nodes | 4 (25%) |
Brain | 2 (13%) |