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Assessment of the Educational Values of Geomorphosites Based on the Expert Method, Case Study: The Białka and Skawa Rivers, the Polish Carpathians

Anna Chrobak

Anna Chrobak

Institute of Geography, Pedagogical University of KrakowPoland
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Chrobak, Anna
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Karol Witkowski

Karol Witkowski

Institute of Geography, Pedagogical University of KrakowPoland
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Witkowski, Karol
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Jacek Szmańda

Jacek Szmańda

Institute of Geography, Pedagogical University of KrakowPoland
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Szmańda, Jacek
  
31 mar 2020
Assessment of the Educational Values of Geomorphosites Based on the Expert Method, Case Study: The Białka and Skawa Rivers, the Polish Carpathians's Cover Image
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Publicado en línea: 31 mar 2020
Páginas: 45 - 57
Recibido: 02 oct 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2020-0004
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© 2020 Anna Chrobak et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig. 1

The Skawa (1) and Białka (2) rivers’ catchments with the location of the geomorphosites. Based on the Hydrographical Map of Poland, available online: GUGiK 2019.1 – Białka Gorge through the Pieniny Klippen Belt, 2 – Białka Valley at the Spisz Region, 3 – rocky and braided channel in maków Podhalański, 4 – fragment of the river channel in Jaroszowice).
The Skawa (1) and Białka (2) rivers’ catchments with the location of the geomorphosites. Based on the Hydrographical Map of Poland, available online: GUGiK 2019.1 – Białka Gorge through the Pieniny Klippen Belt, 2 – Białka Valley at the Spisz Region, 3 – rocky and braided channel in maków Podhalański, 4 – fragment of the river channel in Jaroszowice).

Fig. 2

Geology of the Skawa (1) and Białka (2) riverbeds with the location of geomorphosites. Based on Lexa et al. 2000.1 – Białka river Gorge through the Pieniny Klippen Belt, 2 – Białka Valley at the Spisz Region, 3 – rocky and braided channel in maków Podhalański, 4 – fragment of the river channel in Jaroszowice); PKB – Pieniny Klippen Belt.
Geology of the Skawa (1) and Białka (2) riverbeds with the location of geomorphosites. Based on Lexa et al. 2000.1 – Białka river Gorge through the Pieniny Klippen Belt, 2 – Białka Valley at the Spisz Region, 3 – rocky and braided channel in maków Podhalański, 4 – fragment of the river channel in Jaroszowice); PKB – Pieniny Klippen Belt.

Fig. 3

The Białka Gorge. View from the Obłazowa Rock. Photo: A. Chrobak.
The Białka Gorge. View from the Obłazowa Rock. Photo: A. Chrobak.

Fig. 4

The Białka river channel at the Spisz Region. Photo: A. Chrobak.
The Białka river channel at the Spisz Region. Photo: A. Chrobak.

Fig. 5

The braided channel of the Białka river near Nowa Biała village. Photo: A. Chrobak.
The braided channel of the Białka river near Nowa Biała village. Photo: A. Chrobak.

Fig. 6

The fragment of the rocky channel in the Skawa river. Photo: K. Witkowski.
The fragment of the rocky channel in the Skawa river. Photo: K. Witkowski.

Fig. 7

The section of the Skawa river near Jaroszowice village. Photo: K. Witkowski.
The section of the Skawa river near Jaroszowice village. Photo: K. Witkowski.

Fig. 8

Satellite images of the Skawa river near Jaroszewice in 2012 and 2018 (Google Earth, downloaded on August 16, 2018).
Satellite images of the Skawa river near Jaroszewice in 2012 and 2018 (Google Earth, downloaded on August 16, 2018).

Results of the assessment of selected geomorphosites_

CriteriaGEOSITE NO. 1GEOSITE NO. 2GEOSITE NO. 3GEOSITE NO. 4
E1E2E3AvE1E2E3AvE1E2E3AvE1E2E3Av
Ra10.010.010.010.07.57.510.08.37.57.510.08.310.010.010.010.0
In10.010.010.010.010.010.07.59.210.010.010.010.07.510.07.58.3
Rp10.010.010.010.06.710.010.08.96.76.76.76.76.76.76.76.7
Dv10.010.010.010.06.710.010.08.93.33.33.33.310.010.010.010.0
Ge10.06.710.08.90.00.00.00.06.76.76.76.70.06.76.74.5
Kn10.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.05.05.05.05.05.05.05.05.0
Av10.010.010.010.06.76.710.05.80.00.00.00.010.010.010.010.0
SUM70.066.770.068.947.654.257.553.139.239.241.740.049.258.455.954.5
P.value1.000.951.000.980.680.770.820.750.560.560.600.570.700.830.800.78
GROUPIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

The criteria of a scientific-educational assessment_ Based on Pereira, Pereira (2010) and Brilha (2016)_

SEVSCIENTIFIC-EDUCATIONAL VALUE
RaRareness in relation to the study area
0It is not one of the most important 5
2,5One of the most 5 important examples in the study area to illustrate elements or processes
5One of the most 3 important examples in the study area to illustrate elements or processes
7,5Good example in the study area to illustrate elements or processes
10The best example in the study area to illustrate elements or processes
InIntegrity/Intactness
0Highly damaged as a result of human activities
2,5Damaged as a result of natural processes
5Damaged, but preserving essential geomorphological features
7,5Slightly damaged, but still maintaining the essential geomorphological features/other geomorphological features were created as a result of human activity and/or natural processes
10All geological and geomorphological features are very well preserve
RpRepresentativeness of geomorphological processes and pedagogical interest
0Low representativeness and without pedagogical interest
3,3With some representativeness, but with a low pedagogical interest
6,7The good example of processes, but hard to explain to non-experts
10The good example of processes and/or good pedagogical resource
DvNumber of interesting geomorphological features (diversity)
01
3,32
6,73
10More than 3
GeOther geological features with heritage value
0The absence of other geological features
3,3Other geological features, but without relation to geosite
6,7Other geological features with relation to geosite
10The occurrence of other geological features with a degree higher than geomorphological features
KnScientific knowledge on geomorphological issues
0None
5Medium: presentations, national papers
10High: international papers, thesis
AvAdditional values (historical, cultural, archeological)
0No other scientific or educational values
3,3One scientific or educational value which could be related to the geomorphosite
6,72–5 scientific or educational values which could be related to the geomorphosite
10Existence more than 5 scientific or educational values which could be related to the geomorphosite

Definitions of division into valorization groups_ Based on Warszyńska (1970)_

GroupPoint valueDefinition
I0.7–1.0An object with very high scientific-educational values
II0.4–0.7An object with high scientific-educational values
III0.2–0.4An object with medium scientific-educational values
IV0.0–0.2An object with low scientific-educational values
Idioma:
Inglés
Calendario de la edición:
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Temas de la revista:
Geociencias, Geografía
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