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Reproductive biology of the rayed pearl oyster (Pinctada imbricata radiata, Leach 1814) in Izmir Bay

Selcuk Yigitkurt
Selcuk Yigitkurt
   | 21 mar 2021
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Article Category: Original research paper
Publicado en línea: 21 mar 2021
Páginas: 87 - 97
Recibido: 26 jun 2020
Aceptado: 01 oct 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/oandhs-2021-0009
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© 2021 Selcuk Yigitkurt, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Geographical location of the sampling area (Izmir Bay, Karantina Island, Turkey)
Geographical location of the sampling area (Izmir Bay, Karantina Island, Turkey)

Figure 2

Gonadal stages of Pinctada radiataa – Stage 0: Inactive; b – Stage 1: Development in male individuals (Fw: Follicular wall, Sd: Spermatid, Sg: Spermatogonia, St: Spermatocyte; c – Stage 1: Development in female individuals (Po: Previtellogenic oocyte, Vo: Vitellogenic oocyte); d – Stage 2: Maturity in male individuals (St: Spermatocyte, Sd: Spermatid, Sz: Spermatozoa, Fw: Follicular wall), e – Stage 2: Maturity in female individuals (Mo: Mature oocyte, Vo: Vitellogenic oocyte, Fw: Follicular wall); f – Stage 3: Spawning in male individuals (Sd: Spermatid, Sz: Spermatozoa, Fw: Follicular wall); g – Stage 3: Spawning in female individuals (Mo: Mature oocyte, Fl: Follicular lumen); h – Stage 4: Spent in males (Fw: Follicular wall, Rsz: Residual spermatozoa, C: Cytolysis, Ct: Connective tissue); i – Stage 4: Spent in females (Fw: Follicular wall, Ro: Residual oogonia, C: Cytolysis)
Gonadal stages of Pinctada radiataa – Stage 0: Inactive; b – Stage 1: Development in male individuals (Fw: Follicular wall, Sd: Spermatid, Sg: Spermatogonia, St: Spermatocyte; c – Stage 1: Development in female individuals (Po: Previtellogenic oocyte, Vo: Vitellogenic oocyte); d – Stage 2: Maturity in male individuals (St: Spermatocyte, Sd: Spermatid, Sz: Spermatozoa, Fw: Follicular wall), e – Stage 2: Maturity in female individuals (Mo: Mature oocyte, Vo: Vitellogenic oocyte, Fw: Follicular wall); f – Stage 3: Spawning in male individuals (Sd: Spermatid, Sz: Spermatozoa, Fw: Follicular wall); g – Stage 3: Spawning in female individuals (Mo: Mature oocyte, Fl: Follicular lumen); h – Stage 4: Spent in males (Fw: Follicular wall, Rsz: Residual spermatozoa, C: Cytolysis, Ct: Connective tissue); i – Stage 4: Spent in females (Fw: Follicular wall, Ro: Residual oogonia, C: Cytolysis)

Figure 3

Environmental parameters in the study area: a) temperature and salinity; b) chlorophyll a; c) gonad index from February 2013 to January 2014
Environmental parameters in the study area: a) temperature and salinity; b) chlorophyll a; c) gonad index from February 2013 to January 2014

Figure 4

Frequency of gonad development stages in P. radiata in Izmir Bay from February 2013 to January 2014 (a – frequency of female gonad stages, b – frequency of male gonad stages, c – frequency of gonad stages)
Frequency of gonad development stages in P. radiata in Izmir Bay from February 2013 to January 2014 (a – frequency of female gonad stages, b – frequency of male gonad stages, c – frequency of gonad stages)

Figure 5

Changes in the sex proportion (%) in P. imbricata radiata in the study area
Changes in the sex proportion (%) in P. imbricata radiata in the study area

Figure 6

Meat yield (%) and the condition index of pearl oysters in the study area
Meat yield (%) and the condition index of pearl oysters in the study area

Mean length and total fresh weight of pearl oyster samples used in the study

Months Pearl oyster samples Mean length Mean weight
Feb. 30 73.99 ± 10.67 52.72 ± 23.08
Mar. 75.42 ± 8.99 60.02 ± 19.30
Apr. 75.22 ± 9.54 61.25 ± 22.23
May 72.03 ± 9.28 51.85 ± 23.03
June 73.42 ± 11.26 57.03 ± 29.62
July 71.10 ± 9.60 54.40 ± 25.43
Aug. 72.87 ± 9.71 56.33 ± 24.46
Sept. 74.57 ± 11.19 60.45 ± 29.50
Oct. 73.87 ± 6.54 53.41 ± 13.59
Nov. 75.22 ± 9.54 55.60 ± 21.98
Dec. 72.52 ± 5.91 49.39 ± 13.58
Jan. 68.25 ± 6.36 41.38 ± 12.37

Observations of the reproductive status and temperature range in pearl oysters in different areas

Study area Species Temperature (min.–max °C) Spawning periods Spawning peak periods Authors
South Korea P. fucata martensii 13.5–28.3 April–August June–July Choi & Chang 2003
Tunisia P.radiata 12–30 May–December July–November Derbali et al. 2009
Iran P.radiata – February–April summer Karami et al. 2014
Tunisia P.radiata 12–27 – June Zouari & Zaouali 1994
Columbia P. imbricata 24.7–27.5 December–June and October January–March and October Urban 2000
Bahrain P.radiata 15–30 May–December August–September and November–December Khamdan 1998
Tunisia P. radiata 17–32 June, September and November June Lassoued et al. 2018
Kenya P. radiata 26–32 July, September–February, April–May July (site2) and October (site1) Kimani et al. 2006
Australia P. imbricata 15–25 October–April and May–August and April–July (two years) December–January and March–May O’Connor and Lowler 2004
Turkey P. imbricata radiata 14.2–27 April–January June–September this study
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