This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Aristotle. (1997). Retoriikka [Rhetoric]. Gaudeamus.Aristotle. (1997). . Gaudeamus.Search in Google Scholar
Baines, P., O’Shaughnessy, N. J., & Snow, N. (Eds.). (2020). The Sage handbook of propaganda. Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526477170BainesP.O’ShaughnessyN. J.SnowN. (Eds.). (2020). . Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526477170Search in Google Scholar
Baines, P., & Jones, N. (2020). Countering the fear in propaganda. In P. Baines, N. O’Shaughnessy, & N. Snow (Eds.), The Sage handbook of propaganda (pp. 336–349). Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526477170.n22BainesP.JonesN. (2020). Countering the fear in propaganda. In BainesP.O’ShaughnessyN.SnowN. (Eds.), (pp. 336–349). Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526477170.n22Search in Google Scholar
Barthes, R., & Heath, S. (1977). Image music text (S. Heath, Trans.). FontanaPress.BarthesR.HeathS. (1977). (HeathS., Trans.). FontanaPress.Search in Google Scholar
Benson, T. W., & Snee, B. J. (Eds.). (2015). Michael Moore and the rhetoric of documentary. Southern Illinois University PressBensonT. W.SneeB. J. (Eds.). (2015). . Southern Illinois University PressSearch in Google Scholar
Blair, J. A. (1996). The possibility and actuality of visual arguments. Argumentation and Advocacy, 33(1), 23–29.BlairJ. A. (1996). The possibility and actuality of visual arguments. , 33(1), 23–29.Search in Google Scholar
Blair, J. A. (2004). The rhetoric of visual arguments. In C. A. Hill, & M. H. Helmers (Eds.), Defining visual rhetorics (pp. 41–63). Lawrence Erlbaum. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781410609977BlairJ. A. (2004). The rhetoric of visual arguments. In HillC. A.HelmersM. H. (Eds.), (pp. 41–63). Lawrence Erlbaum. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781410609977Search in Google Scholar
Box Office Mojo. (n.d.). Genre keyword: Documentary. Retrieved April 9, 2023, from https://www.boxofficemojo.com/genre/sg2245914881/Box Office Mojo. (n.d.). . Retrieved April 9, 2023, from https://www.boxofficemojo.com/genre/sg2245914881/Search in Google Scholar
Bruzzi, S. (2000). New documentary: A critical introduction. Routledge.BruzziS. (2000). . Routledge.Search in Google Scholar
Cohan, S., & Shires, L. M. (1988). Telling stories: A theoretical analysis of narrative fiction. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203136393CohanS.ShiresL. M. (1988). . Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203136393Search in Google Scholar
Eder, J., Hanich, J., & Stadler, J. (2019). Media and emotion: An introduction. NECSUS, 8(1), 91–104. https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/4189EderJ.HanichJ.StadlerJ. (2019). Media and emotion: An introduction. , 8(1), 91–104. https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/4189Search in Google Scholar
Ellul, J. (1973). Propaganda: The formation of men’s attitudes (K. Kellen, & J. Lerner, Trans.). Vintage Books.EllulJ. (1973). (KellenK.LernerJ., Trans.). Vintage Books.Search in Google Scholar
Gaines, J. (1999). Political mimesis. In J. Gaines, & M. Renov (Eds.), Collecting visible evidence (pp. 84–102). University of Minnesota Press.GainesJ. (1999). Political mimesis. In GainesJ.RenovM. (Eds.), (pp. 84–102). University of Minnesota Press.Search in Google Scholar
Groarke, L. (1996). Logic, art and argument. Informal Logic, 18(2-3), 105–129. https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/philosophypub/24GroarkeL. (1996). Logic, art and argument. , 18(2-3), 105–129. https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/philosophypub/24Search in Google Scholar
Haidt, J. (2003). The moral emotions. In R. Davidson, K. Scherer, & H. Goldsmith (2003). Handbook of affective sciences (pp. 852–870). Oxford University Press.HaidtJ. (2003). The moral emotions. In DavidsonR.SchererK.GoldsmithH. (2003). (pp. 852–870). Oxford University Press.Search in Google Scholar
Hatfield, K. L., Hinck, A., & Birkholt, M. J. (2007). Seeing the visual in argumentation: A rhetorical analysis of UNICEF Belgium’s Smurf public service announcement. Argumentation and Advocacy, 43(3-4), 144–151.HatfieldK. L.HinckA.BirkholtM. J. (2007). Seeing the visual in argumentation: A rhetorical analysis of UNICEF Belgium’s Smurf public service announcement. , 43(3-4), 144–151.Search in Google Scholar
Hietala, V. (1991). Tv-uutiset viihteenä ja populaarikulttuurina [TV news as entertainment and popular culture]. Media & Viestintä, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.23983/mv.64243HietalaV. (1991). Tv-uutiset viihteenä ja populaarikulttuurina [TV news as entertainment and popular culture]. , 14(1). https://doi.org/10.23983/mv.64243Search in Google Scholar
Hitchens, C. (2004). Unfairenheit 9/11: The lies of Michael Moore. Slate. http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/fighting_words/2004/06/unfairenheit_911.htmlHitchensC. (2004). . Slate. http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/fighting_words/2004/06/unfairenheit_911.htmlSearch in Google Scholar
Jokinen, A. (1999). Vakuuttelevan ja suostuttelevan retoriikan analysoiminen [Analysis of convincing and persuasive rhetoric]. In A. Jokinen, K. Juhila, & E. Suoninen (Eds.), Diskurssianalyysi liikkeessä [Discourse analysis in practice] (pp. 126–159). Vastapaino.JokinenA. (1999). Vakuuttelevan ja suostuttelevan retoriikan analysoiminen [Analysis of convincing and persuasive rhetoric]. In JokinenA.JuhilaK.SuoninenE. (Eds.), (pp. 126–159). Vastapaino.Search in Google Scholar
Jokinen, A., Juhila, K., & Suoninen, E. (2012). Kategoriat, kulttuuri & moraali: Johdatus kategoria-analyysiin [Categories, culture, & morality: An introduction to category analysis]. Vastapaino.JokinenA.JuhilaK.SuoninenE. (2012). . Vastapaino.Search in Google Scholar
Kalpokas, I. (2020). Post-truth and the changing information environment. In P. Baines, N. O’Shaughnessy, & N. Snow (Eds.), The Sage handbook of propaganda (pp. 71–84). Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526477170.n6KalpokasI. (2020). Post-truth and the changing information environment. In BainesP.O’ShaughnessyN.SnowN. (Eds.), (pp. 71–84). Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526477170.n6Search in Google Scholar
Kopel, D. (2018). Fifty-nine deceits in Fahrenheit 911. http://www.davekopel.org/redirect/Terror/Fiftysix-Deceits-in-Fahrenheit-911.htmKopelD. (2018). . http://www.davekopel.org/redirect/Terror/Fiftysix-Deceits-in-Fahrenheit-911.htmSearch in Google Scholar
KRT. (2004, June 4). Michael Moore takes aim at President Bush in ‘Fahrenheit 9/11’. Chicago Tribune. https://www.chicagotribune.com/lifestyles/chi-040621dpmoore-story.htmlKRT. (2004, June4). Michael Moore takes aim at President Bush in ‘Fahrenheit 9/11’. . https://www.chicagotribune.com/lifestyles/chi-040621dpmoore-story.htmlSearch in Google Scholar
Livingstone, S. M., & Lunt, P. K. (1994). Talk on television: Audience participation and public debate. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203131916LivingstoneS. M.LuntP. K. (1994). . Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203131916Search in Google Scholar
Lunenborg, M., & Maier, T. (2018). The turn to affect and emotion in media studies. Media and Communication, 6(3). https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v6i3.1732LunenborgM.MaierT. (2018). The turn to affect and emotion in media studies. , 6(3). https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v6i3.1732Search in Google Scholar
MacCabe, C. (1974). Realism and the cinema: Notes on some Brechtian theses. Screen, 15(2), 7–27. https://doi.org/10.1093/screen/15.2.7MacCabeC. (1974). Realism and the cinema: Notes on some Brechtian theses. , 15(2), 7–27. https://doi.org/10.1093/screen/15.2.7Search in Google Scholar
Marshall, P. D. (2014). Persona studies: Mapping the proliferation of the public self. Journalism, 15(2), 153–170. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884913488720MarshallP. D. (2014). Persona studies: Mapping the proliferation of the public self. , 15(2), 153–170. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884913488720Search in Google Scholar
Moore, M. (Director). (1989). Roger & me [Film]. Dog Eat Dog Films; Warner Bros.MooreM. (Director). (1989). .Search in Google Scholar
Moore, M. (Director). (1997). The big one [Film]. Mayfair Entertainment International; BBC; Dog Eat Dog Films.MooreM. (Director). (1997). .Search in Google Scholar
Moore, M. (Director). (2002). Bowling for Columbine [Film]. United Artists; Alliance Atlantis; Dog Eat Dog Films; Salter Street Films.MooreM. (other). (2002). .Search in Google Scholar
Moore, M. (Director). (2004). Fahrenheit 9/11 [Film]. Fellowship Adventure Group; Dog Eat Dog Films.MooreM. (Director). (2004). .Search in Google Scholar
Moore, M. (Director). (2007a). Sicko [Film]. The Weinstein Company; Dog Eat Dog Films.MooreM. (Director). (2007a). .Search in Google Scholar
Moore, M. (Director). (2007b). Slacker uprising [Film]. Dog Eat Dog Films; Westside Productions.MooreM. (Director). (2007b). .Search in Google Scholar
Moore, M. (Director). (2009). Capitalism: A love story [Film]. Overture Films; Paramount Vantage; The Weinstein Company; Dog Eat Dog Films.MooreM. (Director). (2009). .Search in Google Scholar
Moore, M. (Director). (2015). Where to invade next [Film]. Dog Eat Dog Films; IMG Films.MooreM. (Director). (2015). .Search in Google Scholar
Moore, M. (Director). (2016). Michael Moore in TrumpLand [Film]. Dog Eat Dog Films; IMG Films.MooreM. (Director). (2016). .Search in Google Scholar
Moore, M. (Director). (2018). Fahrenheit 11/9 [Film]. State Run Films; Midwestern Films; Briarcliff Entertainment; Dog Eat Dog Films.MooreM. (Director). (2018). .Search in Google Scholar
Mudde, C. (2004). The populist Zeitgeist. Government and Opposition, 39(4), 541–563. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.2004.00135.xMuddeC. (2004). The populist Zeitgeist. , 39(4), 541–563. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.2004.00135.xSearch in Google Scholar
Nichols, B. (1991). Representing reality: Issues and concepts in documentary. Indiana University Press.NicholsB. (1991). . Indiana University Press.Search in Google Scholar
Nichols, B. (1994). Blurred boundaries: Questions of meaning in contemporary culture. Indiana University Press.NicholsB. (1994). . Indiana University Press.Search in Google Scholar
Nichols, B. (2001). Introduction to documentary. Indiana University Press.NicholsB. (2001). . Indiana University Press.Search in Google Scholar
Nichols, B. (2008). The question of evidence, the power of rhetoric and documentary film. In T. Austin, & W. De Jong (Eds.), Rethinking documentary: New perspectives, new practices (pp. 29–38). McGraw Hill; Open University Press.NicholsB. (2008). The question of evidence, the power of rhetoric and documentary film. In AustinT.De JongW. (Eds.), (pp. 29–38). McGraw Hill; Open University Press.Search in Google Scholar
Nolley, K. (2005), Fahrenheit 9/11: Documentary, truth-telling, and politics. Film & History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Film and Television Studies, 35(2), 12–16NolleyK. (2005), Fahrenheit 9/11: Documentary, truth-telling, and politics. , 35(2), 12–16Search in Google Scholar
O’Connor, J. E., Toplin, R. B., Mintz, S., Briley, R., & Nolley, K. (2005). Michael Moore: Cinematic historian or propagandist? Film & History, 35(2), 7–16.O’ConnorJ. E.ToplinR. B.MintzS.BrileyR.NolleyK. (2005). Michael Moore: Cinematic historian or propagandist?, 35(2), 7–16.Search in Google Scholar
O’Keefe, D. J. (2002). Persuasion: Theory & research (2nd ed.). Sage.O’KeefeD. J. (2002). (2nd ed.). Sage.Search in Google Scholar
O’Shaughnessy, N. (2020). From disinformation to fake news: Forwards into the past. In P. Baines, N. O’Shaughnessy, & N. Snow (Eds.), The Sage handbook of propaganda (pp. 55–70). Sage.O’ShaughnessyN. (2020). From disinformation to fake news: Forwards into the past. In BainesP.O’ShaughnessyN.SnowN. (Eds.), (pp. 55–70). Sage.Search in Google Scholar
Perelman, C. (1996). Retoriikan valtakunta [The realm of rhetoric]. Vastapaino.PerelmanC. (1996). . Vastapaino.Search in Google Scholar
Plantinga, C. (1997). Rhetoric and representation in nonfiction film. Cambridge University Press.PlantingaC. (1997). . Cambridge University Press.Search in Google Scholar
Potter, J. (1996). Representing reality: Discourse, rhetoric and social construction. Sage.PotterJ. (1996). . Sage.Search in Google Scholar
Price Tangney, J., Stuewig, J., & Mashek, D. J. (2007). Moral emotions and moral behavior. Annual Review of Psychology, 58(1), 345–372. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070145Price TangneyJ.StuewigJ.MashekD. J. (2007). Moral emotions and moral behavior. , 58(1), 345–372. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070145Search in Google Scholar
Primeau, F. (2010). American dissident: The political art of Michael Moore. Lulu Press.PrimeauF. (2010). . Lulu Press.Search in Google Scholar
Reeves, N. (1999). The power of film propaganda: Myth or reality? Cassell.ReevesN. (1999). Cassell.Search in Google Scholar
Renov, M. (1993). Theorizing documentary. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203873083RenovM. (1993). . Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203873083Search in Google Scholar
Renov, M. (2008). First-person films: Some theses on self-inscription. In T. Austin, & W. De Jong (Eds.), Rethinking documentary: New perspectives, new practices (pp. 39–50). McGraw Hill; Open University Press.RenovM. (2008). First-person films: Some theses on self-inscription. In AustinT.De JongW. (Eds.), (pp. 39–50). McGraw Hill; Open University Press.Search in Google Scholar
Samoilenko, S., & Karnysheva, M. (2020). Character assassination as modus operandi of Soviet propaganda. In P. Baines, N. O’Shaughnessy, & N. Snow (Eds.), The Sage handbook of propaganda (pp. 189–204). Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526477170.n13SamoilenkoS.KarnyshevaM. (2020). Character assassination as modus operandi of Soviet propaganda. In BainesP.O’ShaughnessyN.SnowN. (Eds.), (pp. 189–204). Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526477170.n13Search in Google Scholar
Schreier, M. (2012). Qualitative content analysis in practice. Sage.SchreierM. (2012). . Sage.Search in Google Scholar
Seo, H. (2020). Visual propaganda and social media. In P. Baines, N. O’Shaughnessy, & N. Snow (Eds.), The Sage handbook of propaganda (pp. 126–136). Sage.SeoH. (2020). Visual propaganda and social media. In BainesP.O’ShaughnessyN.SnowN. (Eds.), (pp. 126–136). Sage.Search in Google Scholar
Simpson, K. E. (2008). Classic and modern propaganda in documentary film: Teaching the psychology of persuasion. Teaching of Psychology, 35(2), 103–108. https://doi.org/10.1080/00986280802004602SimpsonK. E. (2008). Classic and modern propaganda in documentary film: Teaching the psychology of persuasion. , 35(2), 103–108. https://doi.org/10.1080/00986280802004602Search in Google Scholar
Smith, V. J. (2007). Aristotle’s classical enthymeme and the visual, argumentation of the twenty-first century. Argumentation and Advocacy, 43 (3-4), 114–123. https://doi.org/10.1080/00028533.2007.11821667SmithV. J. (2007). Aristotle’s classical enthymeme and the visual, argumentation of the twenty-first century. , 43 (3-4), 114–123. https://doi.org/10.1080/00028533.2007.11821667Search in Google Scholar
Stock, B. (2004, August 7). Michael Moore: Master of propaganda. The American Daily. https://archive.ph/tbkyLStockB. (2004, August7). Michael Moore: Master of propaganda. . https://archive.ph/tbkyLSearch in Google Scholar
Taylor, R. (1979). Film propaganda: Soviet Russia and Nazi Germany. Croom Helm.TaylorR. (1979). . Croom Helm.Search in Google Scholar
Terrill, R. E. (2008). Mimesis and miscarriage in Unprecedented. In B. Snee, & T. Benson (Eds.), The rhetoric of the new political documentary (pp. 131–152). Southern Illinois University Press.TerrillR. E. (2008). Mimesis and miscarriage in Unprecedented. In SneeB.BensonT. (Eds.), (pp. 131–152). Southern Illinois University Press.Search in Google Scholar
Tuomola, S., & Wahl-Jorgensen, K. (2023). Emotion mobilisation through the imagery of people in Finnish-language right-wing alternative media. Digital Journalism, 11(1), 61–79. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2022.2061551TuomolaS.Wahl-JorgensenK. (2023). Emotion mobilisation through the imagery of people in Finnish-language right-wing alternative media. , 11(1), 61–79. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2022.2061551Search in Google Scholar
Wahl-Jorgensen, K., (2019). Questioning the ideal of the public sphere: The emotional turn. Social Media + Society, 5(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305119852175Wahl-JorgensenK., (2019). Questioning the ideal of the public sphere: The emotional turn. , 5(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305119852175Search in Google Scholar
Wanless, A., & Berk, M. (2020). The audience is the amplifier: Participatory propaganda. In P. Baines, N. O’Shaughnessy, & N. Snow (Eds.), The Sage handbook of propaganda (pp. 85–104). Sage.WanlessA.BerkM. (2020). The audience is the amplifier: Participatory propaganda. In BainesP.O’ShaughnessyN.SnowN. (Eds.), (pp. 85–104). Sage.Search in Google Scholar
Winston, B. (1988). The tradition of the victim in Griersonian documentary. In L. Gross, J. Stuart Katz, & R. Jay (Eds.), Image ethics: The moral rights of subjects in photographs, film, and television (pp. 34–57). Oxford University Press.WinstonB. (1988). The tradition of the victim in Griersonian documentary. In GrossL.Stuart KatzJ.JayR. (Eds.), (pp. 34–57). Oxford University Press.Search in Google Scholar
Wittgenstein, L. (1969) On certainty. Harper Torchbooks.WittgensteinL. (1969). Harper Torchbooks.Search in Google Scholar