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Synthesis, characterization, and applications of a novel poly(4-[pyrrol-1-yl methyl]benzoic acid)–silver composite

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14 dic 2024

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Figure 1

Voltammograms of silver recorded from an FTO/glass electrode immersed in an aqueous solution containing 0.1 M NaNO3 and 5 × 10−2 M AgNO3 at υ = 100 mV/s with pH 5. (a) First run and (b) successive scans.
Voltammograms of silver recorded from an FTO/glass electrode immersed in an aqueous solution containing 0.1 M NaNO3 and 5 × 10−2 M AgNO3 at υ = 100 mV/s with pH 5. (a) First run and (b) successive scans.

Figure 2

Cyclic voltammetry curves of the monomer on an FTO/glass electrode recorded from a solution containing 4 × 10−3 M monomer, 10−1 M acetonitrile, and 10−1 M LiClO4, at the scanning speed of υ = 100 mV/s. (a) First run and (b) successive scans.
Cyclic voltammetry curves of the monomer on an FTO/glass electrode recorded from a solution containing 4 × 10−3 M monomer, 10−1 M acetonitrile, and 10−1 M LiClO4, at the scanning speed of υ = 100 mV/s. (a) First run and (b) successive scans.

Figure 3

Cyclic voltammograms of silver dissolution on the FTO/Glass electrode modified with a polymer film in an aqueous solution containing 0.1 M NaNO3 and recorded at the speed of υ = 100 mV/s. (a) First run and (b) successive scans.
Cyclic voltammograms of silver dissolution on the FTO/Glass electrode modified with a polymer film in an aqueous solution containing 0.1 M NaNO3 and recorded at the speed of υ = 100 mV/s. (a) First run and (b) successive scans.

Figure 4

(a) Nyquist diagrams of the FTO electrode prior to and after insertion of silver microparticles into the polymer film PPy-b relative to: (A) FTO electrode, (B) FTO electrode modified by the polymer film, and (C) after insertion and reduction of silver microparticles into PPy-b. (b) A zoom-in view of the region of low impedance.
(a) Nyquist diagrams of the FTO electrode prior to and after insertion of silver microparticles into the polymer film PPy-b relative to: (A) FTO electrode, (B) FTO electrode modified by the polymer film, and (C) after insertion and reduction of silver microparticles into PPy-b. (b) A zoom-in view of the region of low impedance.

Figure 5

SEM surface images of: (a) a film of PPy-b deposited on an FTO electrode and (b) a modified FTO/polymer (PPy-b) electrode after insertion and reduction of silver microparticles.
SEM surface images of: (a) a film of PPy-b deposited on an FTO electrode and (b) a modified FTO/polymer (PPy-b) electrode after insertion and reduction of silver microparticles.

Figure 6

XRF spectrum measured after the insertion and reduction of silver into the polymer film PPY-b.
XRF spectrum measured after the insertion and reduction of silver into the polymer film PPY-b.

Figure 7

AFM surface images of: (a) a film of PPy-b deposited on an FTO electrode and (b) a modified FTO/polymer (PPy-b) electrode after insertion and reduction of silver microparticles.
AFM surface images of: (a) a film of PPy-b deposited on an FTO electrode and (b) a modified FTO/polymer (PPy-b) electrode after insertion and reduction of silver microparticles.

Figure 8

Spectral distributions recorded from the films in the UV–visible range. Curve A: FTO substrate; curve B: polymer; curve C: inserted silver.
Spectral distributions recorded from the films in the UV–visible range. Curve A: FTO substrate; curve B: polymer; curve C: inserted silver.

Figure 9

Characteristic I(V) of the composite (polymer + Ag)/FTO.
Characteristic I(V) of the composite (polymer + Ag)/FTO.

Figure 10

Determination of the reverse saturation current of the composite.
Determination of the reverse saturation current of the composite.

Figure 11

Recorded voltammograms of water reduction in 0.1 M NaOH of different electrodes at the scanning speed of 100 mV/s.
Recorded voltammograms of water reduction in 0.1 M NaOH of different electrodes at the scanning speed of 100 mV/s.

Measured thickness and resistivity data_

Film FTO PPy-b PPy-b + Ag
Thickness (nm) 550 385 385
Resistivity (Ω cm) 8.22 × 10−4 12.2 × 10−4 7.4 × 10−5

Fitted values of the components of electrical equivalent circuits of EIS data_

Electrode R s (Ω) R ct (MΩ) C p (μF) Z W (kΩ/s½)
PPy-b/FTO 164 2.87 2.93
Ag + PPy-b/FTO 107 0.164 4.28 98.9