Influence of Eco-Design Policy and Energy Labeling on the Level of Energy Efficiency and Functionality of Led Lamps

Considering the light engineering and environmental advantages of light-emitting diode (LED) light sources, lighting systems using LEDs should provide a decisive impact on increasing the energy efficiency of lighting and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. One of the priority directions of the energy saving policy is eco-design, which involves measures to reduce negative impacts on the environment and increase the functionality of LED light sources. The article presents the results of the study of commercial samples of non-directional LED lamps of various brands for compliance with the Commission Regulation European Union (EU) 2019/2020 on establishing requirements for the eco-design of light sources and the Commission Delegated Regulation EU 2019/2015 on energy labelling, which came into force in 2021. It is shown that the light output of the studied batches of lamps with a power of 5–12 W is in the range of 90–120 lm/W, which corresponds to energy efficiency classes, according to the new rating scale of the Commission Delegated Regulation EU 2019/2015, F and E. Over the past decade, the luminous efficiency of lamps supplied to Ukraine has increased by more than 30 %. Quality indicators of light are also improved: all tested lamps have a general colour rendering index of Ra>80; in five of the 8 batches of lamps, the colour unevenness does not exceed the 3-steps Mac-Adam ellipses, and only in one batch individual lamps exceed the 6-steps ellipse; all tested lamps meet the requirements for the level of flickering (<1) and the level of visibility of the stroboscopic effect (SVM<0.4). Individual inconsistencies of the lamps with the established requirements have also been noted, in particular lamps with a power of 11 and 12 W do not meet the power factor cosφ₁, a number of manufacturers do not fully declare the characteristics of their products; most of the lamps have a low special colour rendering index R₉. Conclusions have been made about the effectiveness of the eco-design policy and energy labelling in increasing the energy efficiency, quality and safety of LED lamps.