[Abraham, Werner and Elisabeth Leiss. 2008. Modality-aspect interfaces: implications and typological solutions. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Pub. Co.10.1075/tsl.79]Search in Google Scholar
[Alexiadou, Artemis and Florian Schäfer(eds.). 2013. Non-canonical passives. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.10.1075/la.205]Search in Google Scholar
[Alexiadou, Artemis. 2014. Active, middle, and passive: the morphosyntax of Voice. Catalan Journal of Linguistics 13:1-22.10.5565/rev/catjl.153]Search in Google Scholar
[Aldridge, Edith. 2013. Chinese Historical Syntax: Middle Chinese. Language and Linguistics Compass: Historical Linguistics 7(1):39-57.10.1111/lnc3.12006]Search in Google Scholar
[Aldridge, Edith. 2015. Pronominal Object Shift in Archaic Chinese. In Syntax over Time: Lexical, morphological and information-structural interactions, ed. Theresa Biberauer and George Walkden, 350-370. Oxford: Oxford University Press.10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199687923.003.0021]Search in Google Scholar
[Aldridge, Edith and Barbara Meisterernst. 2018. Resultative and termination: A unified analysis of Middle Chinese VP-YI. In Topics in Theoretical Asian Linguistics, eds. Kunio Nishiyama, Hideki Kishimoto, and Edith Aldridge, 157-179. John Benjamins.10.1075/la.250.09ald]Search in Google Scholar
[Austin, John Langshaw. 1970. Ifs and cans. In Austin philosophical papers, ed. G.O. Urmson and G.J. Warnock, 205-233. New York: Oxford University Press.10.1093/019283021X.003.0009]Search in Google Scholar
[Baxter, William H. and Laurent Sagart. 2014. Old Chinese reconstructions. Available at http://ocbaxtersagart.lsait.lsa.umich.edu/BaxterSagartOCbyMandarinMC2014-09-20.pdf. Accessed 25 May 2018.]Search in Google Scholar
[Bassac, Christian and Pierrette Bouillon. 2002. Middle Transitive Alternations in English: A Generative Lexicon Approach. In Many Morphologies, eds. Paul Noucher and Marc Plenat. Somerville, 29-47. MA: Cascadilla Press.]Search in Google Scholar
[Bhatt, Rajesh. 1999. Covert modality in non-finite contexts. PhD dissertation, University of Pennsylvania.]Search in Google Scholar
[Bresnan, Joan. 2001. Lexical-Functional Grammar. Oxford: Blackwell.]Search in Google Scholar
[Cheng, Lisa Lai-Shen and Sybesma Rint. 2004. Postverbal ‘can’ in Cantonese (and Hakka) and Agree. Lingua 114:419-446.10.1016/S0024-3841(03)00067-6]Search in Google Scholar
[Cinque, Guglielmo. 1999. Adverbs and Functional heads: A Crosslinguistic Perspective. Oxford: OUP.10.1093/oso/9780195115260.001.0001]Search in Google Scholar
[Cormack, Annabel and Neill Smith. 2002. Modals and Negation in English. In Modality and its Interaction with the Verbal System, Linguistik Aktuell 47 / Linguistics Today 47, ed. Sjeg Barbiers, Frits Beukema, Wim van der Wurff, 133-163. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.10.1075/la.47.08cor]Search in Google Scholar
[Cruse, D. Alan. 1973. Some thoughts on Agentivity. Journal of linguistics 9:11-23.10.1017/S0022226700003509]Search in Google Scholar
[Djamouri, Redouane. 1991. Particules de négation dans les inscriptions sur bronze de la dynastie des Zhou [Particles of negation in the Zhou dynasty bronze inscriptions]. Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale 20(1):5-76.10.3406/clao.1991.1337]Search in Google Scholar
[Djamouri, Redouane. 1999. Evolution of zhi in Archaic Chinese. In In Honor of Mei Tsu-Lin : Studies on Chinese Historical Syntax and Morphology, ed. Alain Peyraube and Sun Chaofen, 33-48. Paris : EHESS.]Search in Google Scholar
[Dobson, William Arthur Charles Harvey. 1959. Late Archaic Chinese: a grammatical study. Toronto: Toronto University Press.10.3138/9781442631564]Search in Google Scholar
[Dölling, Johannes and Tatjana Heyde-Zybatow. 2007. Verb Meaning: How much Semantics is in the Lexicon? In Interface and Interface Conditions, ed. Andreas Späth, 33-75. Berlin: Mouton De Gruyter.]Search in Google Scholar
[Downer, Gordon B. 1959. Derivation by tone-change in classical Chinese. Bulletin of the School of African and Oriental Studies 22(2):258–290.10.1017/S0041977X00068701]Search in Google Scholar
[Dowty, David. 1991. Thematic Proto-Roles and Argument Selection. Language 67(3):547-619.10.1353/lan.1991.0021]Search in Google Scholar
[Fagan, Sarah. 2009. The Syntax and Semantics of Middle Constructions. (2nd edition) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.]Search in Google Scholar
[Feng, Shengli. 2014. Light verb syntax between English and Classical Chinese. In Chinese Syntax in a Cross-linguistic Perspective, ed. Audrey Li, Andrew Simpson and Wei-Tien Dylan Tsai, 229–250. Oxford: Oxford University Press.10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199945658.003.0009]Search in Google Scholar
[Feng, Chuntian 馮春田. 1992. Analysis of the main employments of ‘de’, ‘le’, ‘zhe’ in “Zhu zi yulei” “朱子語類”‘得’,‘了’,‘着’的主要用法分析. In Investigation of the Chinese language of the Song, Yuan, and Ming periods 宋元明漢語研究, ed. Cheng Xiangqing 程湘清, 243-288. Shandong: Shanddong jiaoyu chubanshe.]Search in Google Scholar
[Gabelentz, Georg von der. 1960. Chinesische Grammatik, Mit Ausschluss des Niederen Stiles und der Heutigen Umgangssprache [Chinese Grammar: Under exclusion of the Low Style and the Contemporary Vernacular Language]. Halle: Niemeyer, (1881) 1960.]Search in Google Scholar
[Hackl, Martin. 1998. On the semantics of “ability attributions”. Ms, MIT.]Search in Google Scholar
[Hale, Kenneth and Samuel Jay Keyser. 2002. Prolegomenon to a Theory of Argument Structure. Cambridge: MIT Press.10.7551/mitpress/5634.001.0001]Search in Google Scholar
[Heine, Berndand Tania Kuteva. 2019. World Lexicon of Grammaticalization. Cambridge: CUP.10.1002/9781119485094.ch4]Search in Google Scholar
[Huang, James C.-T., Y.-H. Audrey Li, and Yafei Li. 2009. The Syntax of Chinese. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.]Search in Google Scholar
[Haudricourt, André G. 1954. Reconstruire le chinois archaïque [Reconstruction of Archaic Chinese]. Word 10(2-3):351–364.10.1080/00437956.1954.11659532]Search in Google Scholar
[Jin, Lixin 金理新. 2006. A study of old Chinese morphology 上古汉语形态研究. Hefei: Huangshan Publishing House.]Search in Google Scholar
[Karlgren, Bernhard. 1933. Word families in Chinese. Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities 5: 9–120.]Search in Google Scholar
[Karttunen, L. 1971. Implicative Verbs. Language 47(2):340–358.10.2307/412084]Search in Google Scholar
[Kratzer, Angelika. 1996. Severing the External Argument from its Verb. In Phrase Structure and the Lexicon, ed. Johan Rooryck and Laurie Zaring, 101-137. Dordrecht: Kluwer.10.1007/978-94-015-8617-7_5]Search in Google Scholar
[Lekakou, Marika. 2005. In the Middle, Somewhat Elevated: The Semantics of Middles and its Crosslinguistic Realization. Ph.D. dissertation, University of College London.]Search in Google Scholar
[Levin, Beth. 1993. English Verb Classes and Alternations: A Preliminary Investigation. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.]Search in Google Scholar
[Levin, Beth and Malka Rappaport Hovav. 1995. Unaccusativity. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.]Search in Google Scholar
[Li, Ming 李明. 2001. The historical development of Chinese modal auxiliary verbs 漢語助動詞的歷史發展. Ph.D. dissertation. Beijing: Peking University.]Search in Google Scholar
[Li, Yin. 2015. The Diachronic Development of Passive Constructions from Archaic Chinese to Modern Mandarin. PhD thesis. Seattle: University of Washington.]Search in Google Scholar
[Liu, Li 刘利. 2000. A study of modal auxiliary verbs in Pre-Qin Chinese 先秦漢語助動詞研究. Beijing: Beijing Normal University Publishing Group.]Search in Google Scholar
[Lu, Deming 陸德明 (Tang). 1985. Annotations on the Classics 經典釋文. Shanghai: Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House.]Search in Google Scholar
[Marelj, Marijana. 2004. Middles and Argument Structure across Languages. Utrecht: LOT.]Search in Google Scholar
[Mei, Guang 梅廣. 2015. Outline of Classical Chinese Grammar 上古漢語語法綱要. Taipei: Sanmin.]Search in Google Scholar
[Mei, Tsu-lin 梅祖麟. 2000. Temporal strata in derivation by the four tones 四声别义中的时 间层次. Studies of the Chinese Language 中国语文 6:427–443. Reprinted in Collection of linguistic articles by Mei Zulin 梅祖麟語言學論文集, 306-339, Beijing: The Commercial Press.]Search in Google Scholar
[Mei, Tsu-lin 梅祖麟. 1988. Three examples of internal reconstruction in Chinese 内部拟构汉语三例. Studies of the Chinese Language 中国语文 204(3):169–181.]Search in Google Scholar
[Mei, Tsu-lin. 2015. Proto-Sino-Tibetan Morphology and its modern Chinese correlates. In Oxford handbook of Chinese Linguistics, eds. William S-Y. Wang and Chaofen Sun, 58–67. Oxford: Oxford University Press.]Search in Google Scholar
[Meisterernst, Barbara. 2008a. Modal verbs in Han period Chinese Part I: The syntax and semantics of kĕ 可 and kĕ yĭ 可以. Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale 37(1):85-120.10.1163/1960602808X00037]Search in Google Scholar
[Meisterernst, Barbara. 2008b. Modal verbs in Han period Chinese Part II: Negative Markers in combination with the modal auxiliary verbs kĕ 可 and kĕyĭ 可以. Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale 37(2):197-222.10.1163/1960602808X00073]Search in Google Scholar
[Meisterernst, Barbara. 2015a. Tense and aspect in Han period Chinese: A linguistic study of the ‘Shiji’. Berlin: DeGruyter.10.1515/9783110339543]Search in Google Scholar
[Meisterernst, Barbara. 2015b. New Issues in Chinese Grammar: The Morpho-Syntax of the Aspectual System in Late Archaic Chinese. In Studies on Folklore, Classics and Chinese Character 民俗典籍文字研究 15. Beijing: The Commercial Press.]Search in Google Scholar
[Meisterernst, Barbara. 2016. The syntax of aspecto-temporal adverbs from Late Archaic to Early Medieval Chinese. Journal of East Asian Linguistics 25(2):143–181. DOI: 10.1007/s10831-015-9140-3.10.1007/s10831-015-9140-3]Search in Google Scholar
[Meisterernst, Barbara. 2017. Modality and Aspect and the Role of the Subject in Late Archaic and Han period Chinese: obligation and necessity. Lingua Sinica 3:10.10.1186/s40655-017-0027-2]Search in Google Scholar
[Meisterernst, Barbara. 2019a. A new approach on the modal KE 可 and the relation between the aspectual and the modal system in Archaic Chinese”. In New perspectives on Aspect and Modality in Chinese Historical Linguistics Frontiers in Chinese Linguistics, ed. Barbara Meisterernst, 159-190. Springer and Peking University Press.10.1007/978-981-13-1948-8_7]Search in Google Scholar
[Meisterernst, Barbara. 2019b. The diachronic development of postverbal DE in Chinese. Paper presented at the 24th International Conference of Historical Linguistics. Canberra, Australia.]Search in Google Scholar
[Meisterernst, Barbara. 2020a. A new approach to the development of deontic markers: In Pre-Modern Chinese. In A Typological Approach to Grammaticalization and Lexicalization, Trends in Linguistics, vol 327, ed. Janet Xing, 191-230. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.10.1515/9783110641288-008]Search in Google Scholar
[Meisterernst, Barbara. 2020b. Possibility and Necessity and the Scope of Negation in Early Middle Chinese, Forthcoming in International Journal of Chinese Linguistics.10.1075/ijchl.19013.mei]Search in Google Scholar
[Peyraube, Alain. 1996. Recent issues in Chinese historical syntax. In New Horizons in Chinese Linguistics, Studies in Natural Language and Linguistics Theory, ed. C.-T. James Huang and Y.-H. Audrey Li, 161–213, Dordrecht: Springer.10.1007/978-94-009-1608-1_6]Search in Google Scholar
[Pulleyblank, Edwin G. 1995. Outline of Classical Chinese Grammar. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.]Search in Google Scholar
[Rappaport Hovav, Malka and Beth Levin. 1998. Building Verb Meanings. In The Projection of Arguments: Lexical and Compositional Factors, ed. Miriam Butt and Wilhelm Geuder, 97-134. Stanford: CSLI Publications.]Search in Google Scholar
[Sagart, Laurent. 1999. The Roots of Old Chinese. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.10.1075/cilt.184]Search in Google Scholar
[Schuessler, Axel. 2007. ABC etymological dictionary of old Chinese. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii Press.]Search in Google Scholar
[Tsai, Wei-Tian Dylan. 2015. On the Topography of Chinese Modals. In Beyond Functional Sequence, ed. Ur Shlonsky, 275-294. New York: Oxford University Press.10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190210588.003.0015]Search in Google Scholar
[Unger, Ulrich. 1983. Hao ku 好古: Sinological Circular. Early China 9/10:169–174.10.1017/S0362502800006337]Search in Google Scholar
[Unger, Ulrich. 1988. Grammar of Classical Chinese. Grammatik des Klassischen Chinesisch. Münster: unpublished.]Search in Google Scholar
[van der Auwera, Johan, and Vladimir A. Plungian.1998. Modality’s semantic map. Linguistic Typology 2:79-124.10.1515/lity.1998.2.1.79]Search in Google Scholar
[Vendler, Zeno. 1967. Linguistics and philosophy, 1st edition. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.10.7591/9781501743726]Search in Google Scholar
[Wang, Li 王力. 2004 (1980). Hanyu shigao. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company.]Search in Google Scholar
[Wei, Pei-chuan 魏培泉. 2001. New evidence on a joint discussion of fú and wù 〈「弗」、「勿」拼合說新証〉. Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology Academia Sinica 歷史語言研究所集刊 72(1):121-215.]Search in Google Scholar
[Wu Fuxiang 吳福祥. 2004. Analysis of the grammar of 12 languages in Dunhuang bianwen 敦煌變文集 12 種語法研究. Henan: Henan University Press.]Search in Google Scholar
[Xie, Zhiguo. 2012. The modal uses of de and temporal shifting in Mandarin Chinese. Journal of East Asian Linguistics 21:387-420.10.1007/s10831-012-9093-8]Search in Google Scholar
[Xing, Janet and Axel Schuessler. 2020. Semantic extension in Old Chinese: Direction, transitivity, and voice. In Typological Regularity of Semantic Change in Grammaticalization and Lexicalization, ed. Janet Xing, 165-190. Berlin: DeGruyter.10.1515/9783110641288-007]Search in Google Scholar
[Xiong, Jiajuan. 2017. Chinese Middle Constructions: Lexical Middle Formation. Frontiers in Chinese Linguistics. Singapore: Springer and Peking University Press.10.1007/978-981-10-6187-5]Search in Google Scholar
