Chickens’ eggs and the livers of farm animals as sources of perfluoroalkyl substances
, y | 20 jun 2024
Publicado en línea: 20 jun 2024
Páginas: -
Recibido: 21 mar 2024
Aceptado: 12 jun 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2024-0034
Palabras clave
© 2024 Szczepan Mikołajczyk et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Introduction
This study focuses on perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) content in chickens’ eggs and the livers of farm animals.
Material and Methods
Chickens’ eggs (n = 25) and the livers of cows (n = 10), chickens (n = 7) and horses (n = 3) were collected from various regions of Poland. Samples were analysed using the isotope dilution technique with liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
Results
The mean lower bound (LB) sum of four PFAS (∑4 PFAS) concentrations (perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS)) were the highest in cows’ livers (0.52 μg/kg) and much lower in chickens’ (0.17 μg/kg) and horses’ livers (0.13 μg/kg) and chickens’ eggs (0.096 μg/kg). The ratio of ∑4 PFASs to the limits set by Commission Regulation (EU) 2023/915 was <7% for liver and <6% for eggs. Linear PFOS was the compound with the highest detection frequency (8% in eggs and 48% in all livers). In cows’ livers it was detected in 80% of samples. The estimated exposure to LB ∑4 PFASs
Conclusion
Neither eggs nor the livers of chickens or horses as analysed in this study are significant sources of PFASs, while cows’ livers might contribute significantly to a child’s overall dietary intake. Further investigation of PFOS in farm animal livers should be conducted.