Increasing Levels of Physical Disturbance Affect Soil Nematode Community Composition in a Previously Undisturbed Ecosystem

Satyendra Kumar Pothula; Gary Phillips; Ernest C. Bernard

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Increasing Levels of Physical Disturbance Affect Soil Nematode Community Composition in a Previously Undisturbed Ecosystem

Satyendra Kumar Pothula

Gary Phillips

Ernest C. Bernard

| 20 jul 2022

Journal of Nematology

Volumen 54 (2022): Edición 1 (February 2022)

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Article Category: Research Paper

Publicado en línea: 20 jul 2022

Páginas: -

Recibido: 15 feb 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2022-0022

Palabras clave
abundance, c-p class, ecology, ecosystem, litter, physical disturbance, richness, tillage, trophic group

© 2022 Pothula et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Effect of increasing levels of physical disturbance on genus-level nematode abundance. Box plots representing the number of nematodes per 100 cm3 of soil in control, SLR, R2M, and R2W at each sampling time. Lower and upper box boundaries represent 25th and 75th percentiles, respectively; line inside the box indicates median; and lower and upper error lines represent 10th and 90th percentiles, respectively. Letters indicate significant differences among treatments at each sampling time at P < 0.05 (Tukey–LSD test). R2M, rototill for every 2 mon; R2W, rototill for every 2 wk; SLR, surface litter removed.

Effect of increasing levels of physical disturbance on genus-level nematode richness. Box plots representing the number of genera per 100 cm3 of soil in control, SLR, R2M, and R2W at each sampling time. Lower and upper box boundaries represent 25th and 75th percentiles, respectively; line inside the box indicates median; and lower and upper error lines represent 10th and 90th percentiles, respectively. Letters indicate significant differences among treatments at each sampling time at P < 0.05 (Tukey–LSD test). R2M, rototill for every 2 mon; R2W, rototill for every 2 wk; SLR, surface litter removed.

FMF of nematode communities subjected to different levels of physical disturbance: control, SLR, R2M, and R2W. The vertical axis represents the efoot, and the horizontal axis represents the sfoot. The FMF is depicted by sequentially joining points: (SI– 0.5Fs/k, EI); (SI+ 0.5Fs/k, EI); (SI, EI– 0.5Fe/k); and (SI, EI+ 0.5Fe/k). Fs represents sfoot and Fe represents efoot (Ferris, 2010). The adjusted k value is 4. FMF, functional metabolic footprints; R2M, rototill for every 2 mon; R2W, rototill for every 2 wk; sfoot, structure footprint; SLR, surface litter removed.

Biplot representing the NMDS performed on nematodes communities subjected to different levels of physical disturbance: control, SLR, R2M, and R2W in April 2017 (PERMANOVA: P = 0.92, NMDS; Stress = 0.05), June 2017 (PERMANOVA: P = 0.117, NMDS; Stress = 0.09), September 2017 (PERMANOVA: P = 0.075, NMDS; Stress = 0.11), November 2017 (PERMANOVA: P = 0.226, NMDS; Stress = 0.11), January 2018 (PERMANOVA: P = 0.044, NMDS; Stress = 0.08), and May 2018 (PERMANOVA: P = 0.015, NMDS; Stress = 0.07). Treatments are depicted using arrows while nematodes are depicted with dots. NMDS, Nonmetric multidimensional scaling; PERMANOVA, Permutational multivariate analysis of variance; R2M, rototill for every 2 mon; R2W, rototill for every 2 wk; SLR, surface litter removed.

Similarity percentage analysis of the nematode communities between treatments: control, surface litter removed (SLR), rototill for every two months (R2M), and rototill for every two weeks (R2W) at all sampling times.

	Av.Diss	SD	Diss/SD	Av.Abund	Av.Abund	Contrib (%)	cumsum (%)	p
Apr-17
Control vs SLR	Average dissimilarity = 39.35
Meloidogyne	9.66	9.12	1.06	126.33	191.33	24.54	24.54	0.195
Rhabditidae	7.98	4.82	1.66	115.67	96.00	20.29	44.83	0.952
Acrobeloides	4.94	2.92	1.69	46.33	53.67	12.55	57.38	0.076
Plectus	3.41	2.70	1.27	55.67	26.33	8.68	66.06	0.162
Filenchus	2.37	1.96	1.21	55.33	52.33	6.02	72.08	0.845
Gracilacus	1.81	1.91	0.94	11.00	14.00	4.59	76.67	0.345
Aphelenchoides	1.44	0.90	1.59	33.33	26.67	3.66	80.33	0.939
Xenocriconemella	1.36	1.01	1.34	16.00	8.00	3.44	83.77	0.805
Pseudacrobeles	1.18	0.75	1.58	20.00	22.00	3.00	86.77	0.593
Tylocephalus	0.98	0.81	1.22	16.67	4.67	2.49	89.26	0.395
Dorylaimida	0.88	1.01	0.88	3.67	7.67	2.25	91.51	0.639
Helicotylenchus	0.80	0.92	0.87	6.67	7.67	2.03	93.54	0.207
Prismatolaimus	0.64	0.52	1.24	7.00	2.67	1.63	95.17	0.091
Acrobeles	0.58	0.66	0.88	6.67	2.67	1.48	96.65	0.29
Ceratoplectus	0.45	0.33	1.38	3.00	2.67	1.14	97.79	0.362
Teratocephalus	0.43	0.46	0.93	3.00	1.67	1.09	98.88	0.372
Cervidellus	0.13	0.21	0.64	1.00	0.00	0.34	99.22	0.577
Ecphyadophora	0.13	0.21	0.64	1.00	0.00	0.33	99.55	0.213
Aporcelaimellus	0.09	0.14	0.63	0.00	0.67	0.23	99.78	0.2
Clarkus	0.09	0.14	0.63	0.00	0.67	0.22	100.00	0.635
Alaimus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Boleodorus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Diphtherophora	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Diplogasteridae	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Ditylenchus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Tripyla	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Control vs R2M	Average dissimilarity = 36.73
Rhabditidae	12.78	9.12	1.40	115.67	177.67	34.78	34.78	0.215
Meloidogyne	6.13	1.67	3.66	126.33	135.00	16.68	51.46	0.533
Acrobeloides	3.61	2.74	1.32	46.33	24.00	9.84	61.30	0.446
Plectus	2.59	0.98	2.65	55.67	29.33	7.04	68.34	0.574
Aphelenchoides	2.19	1.96	1.12	33.33	48.33	5.96	74.30	0.619
Filenchus	2.09	1.87	1.12	55.33	65.67	5.68	79.98	0.93
Xenocriconemella	1.17	0.95	1.24	16.00	6.33	3.19	83.17	0.872
Tylocephalus	0.97	0.71	1.37	16.67	9.67	2.63	85.80	0.439
Pseudacrobeles	0.87	0.44	1.99	20.00	11.67	2.36	88.16	0.927
Gracilacus	0.74	0.40	1.86	11.00	8.67	2.01	90.17	0.834
Helicotylenchus	0.62	0.50	1.24	6.67	2.67	1.69	91.86	0.598
Acrobeles	0.55	0.63	0.87	6.67	1.67	1.49	93.35	0.4
Prismatolaimus	0.54	0.35	1.54	7.00	2.33	1.48	94.83	0.289
Ceratoplectus	0.42	0.45	0.93	3.00	2.33	1.14	95.97	0.438
Teratocephalus	0.42	0.45	0.93	3.00	2.33	1.15	97.12	0.382
Clarkus	0.32	0.50	0.65	0.00	3.67	0.88	98.00	0.352
Dorylaimida	0.31	0.24	1.29	3.67	0.00	0.85	98.85	0.915
Diplogasteridae	0.15	0.24	0.65	0.00	1.67	0.42	99.27	0.298
Cervidellus	0.14	0.18	0.82	1.00	1.00	0.39	99.66	0.455
Ecphyadophora	0.12	0.19	0.65	1.00	0.00	0.34	100.00	0.279
Alaimus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Aporcelaimellus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Boleodorus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Diphtherophora	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Ditylenchus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Tripyla	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Control vs R2W	Average dissimilarity = 42.92
Rhabditidae	9.32	6.32	1.47	115.67	96.67	21.72	21.72	0.822
Filenchus	6.44	5.87	1.10	55.33	113.67	15.01	36.73	0.205
Meloidogyne	5.14	3.07	1.68	126.33	104.33	11.98	48.71	0.611
Plectus	4.56	2.59	1.76	55.67	30.33	10.62	59.33	0.009
Acrobeloides	4.39	2.94	1.49	46.33	30.00	10.24	69.57	0.177
Xenocriconemella	2.43	1.67	1.45	16.00	29.33	5.66	75.23	0.082
Aphelenchoides	2.41	1.50	1.60	33.33	27.67	5.60	80.83	0.481
Pseudacrobeles	1.51	0.98	1.54	20.00	11.33	3.51	84.34	0.207
Gracilacus	1.39	1.38	1.01	11.00	12.67	3.25	87.59	0.644
Dorylaimida	1.31	0.92	1.42	3.67	14.33	3.05	90.64	0.166
Tylocephalus	1.30	0.86	1.51	16.67	5.00	3.02	93.66	0.044
Acrobeles	0.55	0.69	0.79	6.67	1.33	1.28	94.94	0.395
Helicotylenchus	0.55	0.69	0.79	6.67	1.33	1.27	96.21	0.723
Prismatolaimus	0.49	0.39	1.26	7.00	2.67	1.14	97.35	0.419
Ceratoplectus	0.43	0.52	0.83	3.00	1.00	1.01	98.36	0.403
Teratocephalus	0.41	0.64	0.64	3.00	0.00	0.95	99.31	0.385
Cervidellus	0.16	0.20	0.79	1.00	1.00	0.37	99.68	0.409
Ecphyadophora	0.14	0.21	0.64	1.00	0.00	0.32	100.00	0.141
Alaimus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Aporcelaimellus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Boleodorus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Clarkus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Diphtherophora	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Diplogasteridae	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Ditylenchus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Tripyla	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
SLR vs R2M	Average dissimilarity = 38.89
Rhabditidae	13.08	7.85	1.67	96.00	177.67	33.62	33.62	0.218
Meloidogyne	8.80	6.86	1.28	191.33	135.00	22.64	56.26	0.366
Acrobeloides	2.80	2.10	1.33	53.67	24.00	7.20	63.46	0.723
Aphelenchoides	2.62	2.19	1.19	26.67	48.33	6.74	70.20	0.356
Filenchus	2.33	1.67	1.39	52.33	65.67	5.99	76.19	0.871
Gracilacus	1.74	1.64	1.06	14.00	8.67	4.47	80.66	0.406
Plectus	1.40	1.19	1.18	26.33	29.33	3.60	84.26	0.986
Pseudacrobeles	1.21	0.65	1.87	22.00	11.67	3.12	87.38	0.553
Dorylaimida	0.84	1.11	0.76	7.67	0.00	2.17	89.55	0.682
Xenocriconemella	0.73	0.61	1.20	8.00	6.33	1.87	91.42	0.962
Helicotylenchus	0.70	0.62	1.14	7.67	2.67	1.81	93.23	0.395
Tylocephalus	0.62	0.29	2.11	4.67	9.67	1.59	94.82	0.811
Clarkus	0.36	0.43	0.84	0.67	3.67	0.93	95.75	0.244
Prismatolaimus	0.36	0.44	0.81	2.67	2.33	0.92	96.67	0.752
Ceratoplectus	0.34	0.23	1.51	2.67	2.33	0.88	97.55	0.634
Teratocephalus	0.32	0.35	0.94	1.67	2.33	0.83	98.38	0.609
Acrobeles	0.27	0.28	0.95	2.67	1.67	0.69	99.07	0.7
Diplogasteridae	0.15	0.24	0.65	0.00	1.67	0.39	99.46	0.298
Cervidellus	0.13	0.20	0.64	0.00	1.00	0.33	99.79	0.611
Aporcelaimellus	0.08	0.13	0.65	0.67	0.00	0.21	100.00	0.286
Alaimus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Boleodorus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Diphtherophora	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Ditylenchus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Ecphyadophora	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Tripyla	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
SLR vs R2W	Average dissimilarity = 42.38
Rhabditidae	9.05	5.14	1.76	96.00	96.67	21.36	21.36	0.859
Meloidogyne	8.47	9.36	0.91	191.33	104.33	20.00	41.36	0.416
Filenchus	6.78	5.84	1.16	52.33	113.67	16.00	57.36	0.144
Acrobeloides	3.02	2.28	1.33	53.67	30.00	7.13	64.49	0.67
Plectus	2.67	1.92	1.39	26.33	30.33	6.30	70.79	0.552
Xenocriconemella	2.37	1.45	1.64	8.00	29.33	5.61	76.40	0.133
Aphelenchoides	2.32	1.20	1.93	26.67	27.67	5.47	81.87	0.547
Gracilacus	1.99	1.85	1.07	14.00	12.67	4.69	86.56	0.231
Pseudacrobeles	1.64	1.14	1.44	22.00	11.33	3.88	90.44	0.09
Dorylaimida	1.32	1.00	1.32	7.67	14.33	3.13	93.57	0.175
Helicotylenchus	0.64	0.83	0.77	7.67	1.33	1.50	95.07	0.545
Tylocephalus	0.62	0.37	1.68	4.67	5.00	1.46	96.53	0.814
Prismatolaimus	0.39	0.27	1.46	2.67	2.67	0.93	97.46	0.648
Ceratoplectus	0.28	0.26	1.06	2.67	1.00	0.65	98.11	0.783
Acrobeles	0.25	0.28	0.90	2.67	1.33	0.60	98.71	0.697
Teratocephalus	0.23	0.36	0.64	1.67	0.00	0.55	99.26	0.77
Cervidellus	0.13	0.21	0.64	0.00	1.00	0.30	99.56	0.592
Aporcelaimellus	0.09	0.14	0.64	0.67	0.00	0.22	99.78	0.144
Clarkus	0.09	0.14	0.64	0.67	0.00	0.22	100.00	0.585
Alaimus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Boleodorus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Diphtherophora	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Diplogasteridae	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Ditylenchus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Ecphyadophora	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Tripyla	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
R2M vs R2W	Average dissimilarity = 39.39
Rhabditidae	13.96	10.26	1.36	177.67	96.67	35.44	35.44	0.096
Filenchus	5.99	5.23	1.15	65.67	113.67	15.21	50.65	0.296
Aphelenchoides	3.29	2.56	1.29	48.33	27.67	8.36	59.01	0.116
Meloidogyne	2.97	1.58	1.88	135.00	104.33	7.53	66.54	0.929
Plectus	2.94	0.71	4.15	29.33	30.33	7.45	73.99	0.381
Xenocriconemella	2.26	1.66	1.36	6.33	29.33	5.73	79.72	0.152
Gracilacus	1.36	1.16	1.17	8.67	12.67	3.46	83.18	0.69
Dorylaimida	1.34	1.04	1.29	0.00	14.33	3.39	86.57	0.161
Acrobeloides	1.32	1.48	0.89	24.00	30.00	3.35	89.92	0.969
Pseudacrobeles	1.12	0.61	1.82	11.67	11.33	2.83	92.75	0.701
Tylocephalus	0.77	0.55	1.39	9.67	5.00	1.96	94.71	0.592
Prismatolaimus	0.36	0.24	1.50	2.33	2.67	0.90	95.61	0.755
Clarkus	0.33	0.51	0.65	3.67	0.00	0.85	96.46	0.315
Ceratoplectus	0.32	0.37	0.87	2.33	1.00	0.82	97.28	0.66
Teratocephalus	0.30	0.47	0.64	2.33	0.00	0.77	98.05	0.623
Helicotylenchus	0.27	0.23	1.16	2.67	1.33	0.68	98.73	0.816
Acrobeles	0.19	0.22	0.86	1.67	1.33	0.49	99.22	0.822
Diplogasteridae	0.16	0.24	0.65	1.67	0.00	0.40	99.62	0.212
Cervidellus	0.15	0.18	0.82	1.00	1.00	0.38	100.00	0.419
Alaimus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Aporcelaimellus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Boleodorus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Diphtherophora	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Ditylenchus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Ecphyadophora	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Tripyla	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Jun-17
Control vs SLR	Average dissimilarity = 39.91
Rhabditidae	7.60	6.68	1.14	147.67	57.00	19.05	19.05	0.418
Filenchus	6.40	4.25	1.51	158.67	111.67	16.03	35.08	0.448
Meloidogyne	5.97	5.02	1.19	165.33	104.33	14.95	50.03	0.593
Plectus	2.53	1.37	1.84	72.33	40.00	6.34	56.37	0.74
Xenocriconemella	2.05	1.53	1.34	29.00	30.67	5.14	61.51	0.851
Prismatolaimus	1.84	1.48	1.25	19.00	28.00	4.61	66.12	0.503
Aphelenchoides	1.72	1.04	1.66	29.33	20.33	4.32	70.44	0.311
Acrobeloides	1.44	0.93	1.54	18.67	27.00	3.60	74.04	0.813
Helicotylenchus	1.39	1.21	1.16	20.67	8.67	3.50	77.54	0.472
Diphtherophora	1.28	1.22	1.05	13.33	9.00	3.21	80.75	0.425
Ditylenchus	1.24	0.85	1.46	16.67	2.33	3.10	83.85	0.085
Pseudacrobeles	1.10	0.76	1.43	18.67	5.67	2.75	86.60	0.285
Boleodorus	0.98	0.94	1.04	10.00	10.67	2.44	89.04	0.776
Alaimus	0.81	0.71	1.14	10.33	5.33	2.04	91.08	0.515
Gracilacus	0.73	0.80	0.91	19.67	13.67	1.82	92.90	0.918
Ceratoplectus	0.71	0.64	1.10	5.00	12.33	1.77	94.67	0.638
Tylocephalus	0.40	0.29	1.39	9.67	7.67	1.00	95.67	0.833
Acrobeles	0.39	0.20	1.92	1.67	6.33	0.97	96.64	0.91
Aporcelaimellus	0.37	0.32	1.16	4.67	2.33	0.93	97.57	0.418
Clarkus	0.27	0.18	1.45	3.00	2.33	0.66	98.23	0.357
Ecphyadophora	0.25	0.21	1.20	0.00	3.33	0.64	98.87	0.376
Tripyla	0.16	0.19	0.87	1.67	1.33	0.41	99.28	0.622
Teratocephalus	0.15	0.23	0.66	0.00	1.67	0.39	99.67	0.503
Diplogasteridae	0.13	0.20	0.66	1.67	0.00	0.33	100.00	0.832
Cervidellus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Dorylaimida	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Control vs R2M	Average dissimilarity = 53.30
Meloidogyne	10.70	4.70	2.28	165.33	46.33	20.07	20.07	0.017
Rhabditidae	9.06	7.57	1.20	147.67	56.33	17.00	37.07	0.191
Filenchus	8.88	6.15	1.44	158.67	75.67	16.66	53.73	0.046
Plectus	5.19	1.10	4.70	72.33	16.33	9.74	63.47	0.007
Aphelenchoides	2.27	1.31	1.73	29.33	12.00	4.26	67.73	0.014
Xenocriconemella	2.18	1.34	1.63	29.00	9.00	4.09	71.82	0.796
Helicotylenchus	1.76	1.21	1.45	20.67	2.33	3.30	75.12	0.119
Gracilacus	1.66	1.11	1.50	19.67	2.00	3.12	78.24	0.057
Acrobeloides	1.53	1.02	1.50	18.67	28.33	2.88	81.12	0.697
Ditylenchus	1.26	0.89	1.42	16.67	5.00	2.37	83.49	0.08
Diphtherophora	1.26	1.90	0.67	13.33	0.00	2.37	85.86	0.433
Prismatolaimus	1.22	0.65	1.89	19.00	6.00	2.28	88.14	0.643
Pseudacrobeles	1.21	0.85	1.43	18.67	6.00	2.28	90.42	0.17
Boleodorus	1.02	0.96	1.07	10.00	7.33	1.92	92.34	0.74
Tylocephalus	0.81	0.38	2.11	9.67	0.67	1.52	93.86	0.123
Alaimus	0.79	0.60	1.33	10.33	6.33	1.49	95.35	0.544
Ceratoplectus	0.57	0.44	1.31	5.00	7.33	1.07	96.42	0.778
Acrobeles	0.56	0.65	0.87	1.67	5.67	1.06	97.48	0.79
Aporcelaimellus	0.40	0.37	1.08	4.67	1.33	0.76	98.24	0.281
Clarkus	0.27	0.18	1.47	3.00	0.67	0.50	98.74	0.356
Diplogasteridae	0.18	0.19	0.92	1.67	0.67	0.34	99.08	0.709
Tripyla	0.18	0.19	0.92	1.67	0.67	0.33	99.41	0.535
Ecphyadophora	0.13	0.10	1.31	0.00	1.33	0.24	99.65	0.841
Teratocephalus	0.07	0.10	0.66	0.00	0.67	0.12	99.77	0.79
Cervidellus	0.06	0.09	0.66	0.00	0.67	0.12	99.89	0.745
Dorylaimida	0.06	0.09	0.66	0.00	0.67	0.11	100.00	0.78
Control vs R2W	Average dissimilarity = 49.23
Meloidogyne	10.62	4.58	2.32	165.33	40.33	21.56	21.56	0.012
Rhabditidae	8.27	7.16	1.16	147.67	61.67	16.79	38.35	0.326
Filenchus	7.69	5.45	1.41	158.67	94.67	15.62	53.97	0.152
Plectus	4.56	1.56	2.92	72.33	20.33	9.26	63.23	0.014
Xenocriconemella	3.30	2.58	1.28	29.00	40.67	6.71	69.94	0.544
Aphelenchoides	2.16	1.33	1.62	29.33	11.33	4.39	74.33	0.034
Helicotylenchus	1.55	1.24	1.25	20.67	7.33	3.14	77.47	0.325
Diphtherophora	1.33	1.42	0.93	13.33	5.00	2.70	80.17	0.369
Acrobeloides	1.28	0.77	1.66	18.67	19.00	2.59	82.76	0.899
Ditylenchus	1.17	0.76	1.54	16.67	5.00	2.37	85.13	0.141
Pseudacrobeles	1.14	0.64	1.79	18.67	6.67	2.32	87.45	0.211
Gracilacus	1.04	0.89	1.17	19.67	12.67	2.12	89.57	0.642
Alaimus	0.97	0.89	1.10	10.33	0.00	1.98	91.55	0.226
Boleodorus	0.90	0.77	1.16	10.00	6.67	1.82	93.37	0.835
Prismatolaimus	0.69	0.49	1.40	19.00	12.33	1.39	94.76	0.981
Acrobeles	0.60	0.56	1.08	1.67	7.67	1.22	95.98	0.781
Ceratoplectus	0.40	0.35	1.17	5.00	5.33	0.82	96.80	0.965
Aporcelaimellus	0.38	0.31	1.20	4.67	1.33	0.77	97.57	0.406
Tylocephalus	0.35	0.32	1.10	9.67	6.33	0.71	98.28	0.912
Clarkus	0.28	0.21	1.32	3.00	0.00	0.56	98.84	0.318
Diplogasteridae	0.22	0.19	1.16	1.67	2.67	0.45	99.29	0.483
Tripyla	0.17	0.18	0.93	1.67	0.67	0.34	99.63	0.589
Cervidellus	0.06	0.10	0.66	0.00	0.67	0.13	99.76	0.753
Dorylaimida	0.06	0.10	0.66	0.00	0.67	0.13	99.89	0.761
Ecphyadophora	0.06	0.08	0.66	0.00	0.67	0.11	100.00	0.995
Teratocephalus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
SLR vs R2M	Average dissimilarity = 40.41
Meloidogyne	6.59	5.33	1.24	104.33	46.33	16.30	16.30	0.5
Rhabditidae	4.87	3.00	1.62	57.00	56.33	12.05	28.35	0.798
Filenchus	4.78	3.85	1.24	111.67	75.67	11.83	40.18	0.8
Xenocriconemella	3.15	2.66	1.18	30.67	9.00	7.79	47.97	0.559
Prismatolaimus	3.09	3.08	1.00	28.00	6.00	7.65	55.62	0.048
Plectus	3.00	1.70	1.77	40.00	16.33	7.43	63.05	0.447
Acrobeloides	2.07	1.74	1.19	27.00	28.33	5.14	68.19	0.266
Gracilacus	1.42	0.22	6.62	13.67	2.00	3.52	71.71	0.192
Boleodorus	1.42	1.35	1.05	10.67	7.33	3.52	75.23	0.307
Ceratoplectus	1.11	1.01	1.10	12.33	7.33	2.73	77.96	0.139
Diphtherophora	1.03	1.00	1.03	9.00	0.00	2.55	80.51	0.527
Helicotylenchus	1.03	1.10	0.93	8.67	2.33	2.55	83.06	0.815
Aphelenchoides	1.02	0.80	1.27	20.33	12.00	2.51	85.57	0.789
Tylocephalus	1.00	0.79	1.26	7.67	0.67	2.47	88.04	0.02
Acrobeles	0.96	0.48	1.99	6.33	5.67	2.38	90.42	0.232
Alaimus	0.95	0.46	2.08	5.33	6.33	2.36	92.78	0.267
Pseudacrobeles	0.65	0.57	1.15	5.67	6.00	1.61	94.39	0.905
Ditylenchus	0.60	0.55	1.08	2.33	5.00	1.48	95.87	0.857
Ecphyadophora	0.34	0.23	1.46	3.33	1.33	0.84	96.71	0.048
Aporcelaimellus	0.32	0.33	0.97	2.33	1.33	0.79	97.50	0.595
Teratocephalus	0.29	0.34	0.85	1.67	0.67	0.71	98.21	0.082
Clarkus	0.28	0.31	0.93	2.33	0.67	0.71	98.92	0.311
Tripyla	0.18	0.18	0.99	1.33	0.67	0.44	99.36	0.516
Diplogasteridae	0.09	0.14	0.64	0.00	0.67	0.23	99.59	0.952
Cervidellus	0.09	0.13	0.65	0.00	0.67	0.21	99.80	0.53
Dorylaimida	0.08	0.12	0.65	0.00	0.67	0.20	100.00	0.611
SLR vs R2W	Average dissimilarity = 39.48
Meloidogyne	6.83	5.03	1.36	104.33	40.33	17.31	17.31	0.435
Filenchus	5.12	3.61	1.42	111.67	94.67	12.97	30.28	0.759
Rhabditidae	4.60	3.00	1.54	57.00	61.67	11.65	41.93	0.84
Xenocriconemella	4.55	4.09	1.11	30.67	40.67	11.52	53.45	0.264
Prismatolaimus	2.81	2.43	1.16	28.00	12.33	7.12	60.57	0.132
Plectus	2.61	1.70	1.54	40.00	20.33	6.62	67.19	0.716
Acrobeloides	1.83	1.36	1.35	27.00	19.00	4.65	71.84	0.474
Boleodorus	1.28	1.04	1.23	10.67	6.67	3.24	75.08	0.479
Helicotylenchus	1.19	1.34	0.89	8.67	7.33	3.00	78.08	0.645
Aphelenchoides	1.04	0.84	1.23	20.33	11.33	2.63	80.71	0.738
Ceratoplectus	1.03	1.01	1.03	12.33	5.33	2.61	83.32	0.233
Diphtherophora	0.90	0.73	1.24	9.00	5.00	2.28	85.60	0.611
Gracilacus	0.83	0.48	1.72	13.67	12.67	2.10	87.70	0.858
Pseudacrobeles	0.78	0.70	1.10	5.67	6.67	1.96	89.66	0.779
Acrobeles	0.75	0.52	1.44	6.33	7.67	1.90	91.56	0.598
Ditylenchus	0.58	0.50	1.15	2.33	5.00	1.47	93.03	0.887
Alaimus	0.58	0.87	0.66	5.33	0.00	1.47	94.50	0.843
Tylocephalus	0.42	0.45	0.92	7.67	6.33	1.06	95.56	0.785
Ecphyadophora	0.35	0.27	1.27	3.33	0.67	0.87	96.43	0.035
Aporcelaimellus	0.30	0.22	1.33	2.33	1.33	0.76	97.19	0.679
Diplogasteridae	0.30	0.25	1.20	0.00	2.67	0.74	97.93	0.143
Teratocephalus	0.25	0.37	0.66	1.67	0.00	0.63	98.56	0.191
Clarkus	0.22	0.34	0.66	2.33	0.00	0.57	99.13	0.566
Tripyla	0.17	0.17	1.00	1.33	0.67	0.43	99.56	0.589
Cervidellus	0.09	0.13	0.65	0.00	0.67	0.22	99.78	0.517
Dorylaimida	0.09	0.13	0.65	0.00	0.67	0.22	100.00	0.45
R2M vs R2W	Average dissimilarity = 35.56
Rhabditidae	6.37	4.68	1.36	56.33	61.67	17.91	17.91	0.588
Xenocriconemella	5.57	5.65	0.99	9.00	40.67	15.67	33.58	0.066
Filenchus	4.67	4.63	1.01	75.67	94.67	13.13	46.71	0.842
Acrobeloides	2.17	1.69	1.29	28.33	19.00	6.11	52.82	0.177
Gracilacus	1.60	1.09	1.47	2.00	12.67	4.50	57.32	0.077
Plectus	1.53	1.16	1.31	16.33	20.33	4.29	61.61	0.996
Meloidogyne	1.42	1.42	1.00	46.33	40.33	4.01	65.62	0.995
Prismatolaimus	1.42	1.09	1.31	6.00	12.33	3.99	69.61	0.552
Boleodorus	1.34	1.13	1.19	7.33	6.67	3.77	73.38	0.405
Acrobeles	1.20	1.09	1.10	5.67	7.67	3.36	76.74	0.063
Helicotylenchus	1.13	1.21	0.94	2.33	7.33	3.18	79.92	0.733
Pseudacrobeles	1.01	0.73	1.39	6.00	6.67	2.83	82.75	0.446
Alaimus	0.98	0.51	1.93	6.33	0.00	2.75	85.50	0.239
Ceratoplectus	0.89	0.62	1.42	7.33	5.33	2.50	88.00	0.382
Tylocephalus	0.85	0.12	6.83	0.67	6.33	2.37	90.37	0.077
Diphtherophora	0.72	0.64	1.12	0.00	5.00	2.02	92.39	0.732
Ditylenchus	0.69	0.57	1.20	5.00	5.00	1.93	94.32	0.803
Aphelenchoides	0.59	0.52	1.15	12.00	11.33	1.67	95.99	0.972
Diplogasteridae	0.35	0.25	1.41	0.67	2.67	0.98	96.97	0.035
Aporcelaimellus	0.27	0.18	1.48	1.33	1.33	0.76	97.73	0.771
Ecphyadophora	0.17	0.17	1.04	1.33	0.67	0.48	98.21	0.651
Tripyla	0.14	0.17	0.84	0.67	0.67	0.40	98.61	0.689
Cervidellus	0.14	0.17	0.83	0.67	0.67	0.39	99.00	0.073
Dorylaimida	0.14	0.17	0.82	0.67	0.67	0.39	99.39	0.09
Clarkus	0.11	0.17	0.66	0.67	0.00	0.30	99.69	0.934
Teratocephalus	0.11	0.17	0.66	0.67	0.00	0.31	100.00	0.516
Sep-17
Control vs SLR	Average dissimilarity = 43.89
Filenchus	5.62	3.43	1.64	116.33	196.33	12.80	12.80	0.039
Rhabditidae	5.48	3.60	1.52	134.67	120.00	12.49	25.29	0.648
Helicotylenchus	4.72	6.18	0.76	6.67	74.67	10.74	36.03	0.348
Gracilacus	4.39	5.11	0.86	24.00	77.00	10.00	46.03	0.477
Meloidogyne	3.42	3.53	0.97	66.67	97.00	7.79	53.82	0.622
Plectus	2.89	2.40	1.20	50.00	63.00	6.58	60.40	0.436
Xenocriconemella	2.78	1.86	1.49	63.33	41.67	6.32	66.72	0.878
Aphelenchoides	2.14	1.66	1.29	36.00	48.00	4.87	71.59	0.427
Prismatolaimus	1.94	1.46	1.34	28.33	37.67	4.43	76.02	0.694
Acrobeloides	1.51	1.11	1.36	11.67	31.33	3.43	79.45	0.814
Alaimus	1.49	1.17	1.27	33.67	13.00	3.39	82.84	0.486
Ditylenchus	1.34	0.60	2.22	24.67	4.33	3.05	85.89	0.182
Pseudacrobeles	0.80	0.54	1.48	19.33	8.00	1.81	87.70	0.479
Boleodorus	0.79	0.16	4.97	13.33	1.00	1.80	89.50	0.153
Teratocephalus	0.71	0.62	1.14	12.33	7.00	1.60	91.10	0.509
Acrobeles	0.69	0.47	1.48	7.67	12.33	1.58	92.68	0.742
Ceratoplectus	0.57	0.42	1.37	9.33	5.33	1.30	93.98	0.256
Diphtherophora	0.41	0.16	2.49	1.67	8.00	0.93	94.91	0.245
Dorylaimida	0.39	0.34	1.13	3.00	5.33	0.89	95.80	0.908
Ecphyadophora	0.38	0.31	1.23	5.33	0.00	0.87	96.67	0.101
Cervidellus	0.29	0.30	0.95	2.33	3.33	0.65	97.32	0.438
Diplogasteridae	0.28	0.23	1.22	2.67	3.67	0.63	97.95	0.192
Tylocephalus	0.27	0.21	1.30	5.67	3.33	0.62	98.57	0.531
Tripyla	0.24	0.24	0.99	3.67	2.33	0.54	99.11	0.322
Aporcelaimellus	0.23	0.22	1.06	3.00	2.33	0.52	99.63	0.78
Clarkus	0.16	0.14	1.17	2.67	1.67	0.37	100.00	0.745
Control vs R2M	Average dissimilarity = 38.78
Rhabditidae	6.47	1.38	4.70	134.67	93.67	16.68	16.68	0.314
Xenocriconemella	4.56	3.29	1.39	63.33	16.00	11.77	28.45	0.456
Meloidogyne	3.63	2.71	1.34	66.67	76.00	9.35	37.80	0.553
Filenchus	3.31	2.50	1.32	116.33	133.00	8.52	46.32	0.613
Plectus	2.98	1.77	1.69	50.00	10.67	7.69	54.01	0.385
Acrobeloides	2.19	2.03	1.08	11.67	36.33	5.64	59.65	0.41
Prismatolaimus	2.13	1.48	1.44	28.33	20.67	5.49	65.14	0.543
Alaimus	2.00	1.58	1.26	33.67	20.00	5.17	70.31	0.106
Aphelenchoides	1.76	0.98	1.80	36.00	18.00	4.54	74.85	0.514
Acrobeles	1.08	0.88	1.23	7.67	12.33	2.80	77.65	0.364
Ditylenchus	0.99	0.92	1.08	24.67	15.33	2.56	80.21	0.674
Pseudacrobeles	0.99	0.77	1.28	19.33	8.67	2.54	82.75	0.15
Gracilacus	0.91	0.74	1.23	24.00	17.33	2.34	85.09	0.963
Teratocephalus	0.88	0.81	1.08	12.33	2.33	2.27	87.36	0.109
Helicotylenchus	0.78	1.09	0.71	6.67	1.00	2.00	89.36	0.645
Boleodorus	0.60	0.45	1.32	13.33	10.33	1.55	90.91	0.656
Ceratoplectus	0.51	0.35	1.45	9.33	5.00	1.31	92.22	0.511
Ecphyadophora	0.50	0.41	1.24	5.33	0.00	1.30	93.52	0.017
Dorylaimida	0.48	0.48	1.02	3.00	4.33	1.25	94.77	0.812
Aporcelaimellus	0.40	0.35	1.15	3.00	3.67	1.03	95.80	0.316
Tylocephalus	0.38	0.28	1.36	5.67	1.33	0.98	96.78	0.089
Clarkus	0.30	0.32	0.92	2.67	4.00	0.76	97.54	0.364
Cervidellus	0.28	0.35	0.79	2.33	1.00	0.72	98.26	0.485
Tripyla	0.27	0.22	1.21	3.67	0.00	0.70	98.96	0.197
Diphtherophora	0.21	0.25	0.84	1.67	1.33	0.53	99.49	0.962
Diplogasteridae	0.20	0.15	1.32	2.67	0.00	0.51	100.00	0.556
Control vs R2W	Average dissimilarity = 44.55
Rhabditidae	8.50	5.02	1.69	134.67	30.00	19.08	19.08	0.035
Xenocriconemella	5.12	3.74	1.37	63.33	92.00	11.49	30.57	0.376
Meloidogyne	3.48	2.55	1.36	66.67	33.67	7.82	38.39	0.604
Filenchus	3.06	1.87	1.63	116.33	123.33	6.87	45.26	0.719
Prismatolaimus	2.86	2.40	1.19	28.33	41.67	6.41	51.67	0.119
Gracilacus	2.85	1.81	1.57	24.00	28.33	6.41	58.08	0.635
Plectus	2.52	1.80	1.41	50.00	17.67	5.66	63.74	0.526
Acrobeloides	2.43	2.26	1.08	11.67	37.67	5.45	69.19	0.248
Aphelenchoides	1.88	1.05	1.79	36.00	16.67	4.21	73.40	0.504
Alaimus	1.85	1.25	1.48	33.67	16.00	4.15	77.55	0.188
Pseudacrobeles	1.65	0.48	3.46	19.33	1.00	3.70	81.25	0.004
Ditylenchus	1.48	0.76	1.95	24.67	13.33	3.31	84.56	0.089
Teratocephalus	0.90	0.84	1.07	12.33	2.00	2.03	86.59	0.077
Dorylaimida	0.84	0.65	1.30	3.00	10.67	1.89	88.48	0.193
Helicotylenchus	0.81	1.01	0.80	6.67	2.00	1.81	90.29	0.622
Ceratoplectus	0.66	0.48	1.37	9.33	1.00	1.49	91.78	0.102
Boleodorus	0.63	0.46	1.37	13.33	6.00	1.42	93.20	0.511
Acrobeles	0.59	0.47	1.26	7.67	2.00	1.33	94.53	0.833
Ecphyadophora	0.52	0.42	1.24	5.33	0.00	1.16	95.69	0.012
Tylocephalus	0.39	0.28	1.37	5.67	1.00	0.87	96.56	0.053
Diphtherophora	0.32	0.25	1.26	1.67	3.67	0.72	97.28	0.719
Cervidellus	0.31	0.12	2.46	2.33	3.00	0.69	97.97	0.307
Tripyla	0.28	0.23	1.21	3.67	0.00	0.62	98.59	0.182
Aporcelaimellus	0.23	0.15	1.53	3.00	2.00	0.51	99.10	0.773
Clarkus	0.20	0.15	1.33	2.67	0.00	0.45	99.55	0.604
Diplogasteridae	0.20	0.15	1.33	2.67	0.00	0.45	100.00	0.553
SLR vs R2M	Average dissimilarity = 40.47
Helicotylenchus	5.18	7.14	0.73	74.67	1.00	12.80	12.80	0.154
Gracilacus	4.84	5.83	0.83	77.00	17.33	11.95	24.75	0.315
Filenchus	4.51	2.83	1.60	196.33	133.00	11.15	35.90	0.241
Rhabditidae	3.61	3.10	1.17	120.00	93.67	8.93	44.83	0.941
Plectus	3.57	3.34	1.07	63.00	10.67	8.82	53.65	0.114
Meloidogyne	2.92	2.61	1.12	97.00	76.00	7.20	60.85	0.796
Xenocriconemella	2.62	2.34	1.12	41.67	16.00	6.47	67.32	0.903
Aphelenchoides	2.16	2.38	0.91	48.00	18.00	5.35	72.67	0.424
Acrobeloides	1.71	1.09	1.57	31.33	36.33	4.23	76.90	0.755
Prismatolaimus	1.58	1.25	1.27	37.67	20.67	3.91	80.81	0.904
Alaimus	1.09	1.18	0.93	13.00	20.00	2.69	83.50	0.768
Acrobeles	1.05	0.80	1.32	12.33	12.33	2.61	86.11	0.418
Ditylenchus	0.90	0.60	1.50	4.33	15.33	2.22	88.33	0.822
Boleodorus	0.73	0.50	1.47	1.00	10.33	1.81	90.14	0.249
Pseudacrobeles	0.55	0.36	1.51	8.00	8.67	1.35	91.49	0.922
Ceratoplectus	0.51	0.21	2.45	5.33	5.00	1.26	92.75	0.516
Dorylaimida	0.49	0.55	0.89	5.33	4.33	1.22	93.97	0.816
Diphtherophora	0.47	0.23	2.04	8.00	1.33	1.18	95.15	0.083
Teratocephalus	0.43	0.20	2.15	7.00	2.33	1.06	96.21	0.557
Aporcelaimellus	0.34	0.34	1.00	2.33	3.67	0.85	97.06	0.482
Clarkus	0.29	0.27	1.08	1.67	4.00	0.71	97.77	0.403
Cervidellus	0.26	0.30	0.85	3.33	1.00	0.63	98.40	0.649
Diplogasteridae	0.23	0.35	0.67	3.67	0.00	0.57	98.97	0.381
Tripyla	0.21	0.32	0.66	2.33	0.00	0.53	99.50	0.443
Tylocephalus	0.20	0.16	1.23	3.33	1.33	0.50	100.00	0.698
Ecphyadophora	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
SLR vs R2W	Average dissimilarity = 47.26
Rhabditidae	6.43	4.63	1.39	120.00	30.00	13.60	13.60	0.278
Gracilacus	5.58	5.42	1.03	77.00	28.33	11.81	25.41	0.142
Helicotylenchus	5.23	7.21	0.73	74.67	2.00	11.07	36.48	0.126
Meloidogyne	5.09	3.58	1.42	97.00	33.67	10.76	47.24	0.098
Filenchus	5.06	2.75	1.84	196.33	123.33	10.70	57.94	0.083
Xenocriconemella	4.26	3.71	1.15	41.67	92.00	9.01	66.95	0.593
Plectus	3.23	3.32	0.97	63.00	17.67	6.83	73.78	0.26
Aphelenchoides	2.36	2.33	1.01	48.00	16.67	5.00	78.78	0.281
Prismatolaimus	1.82	1.44	1.26	37.67	41.67	3.85	82.63	0.724
Acrobeloides	1.80	1.21	1.49	31.33	37.67	3.81	86.44	0.747
Acrobeles	0.83	0.67	1.24	12.33	2.00	1.75	88.19	0.582
Ditylenchus	0.82	0.87	0.95	4.33	13.33	1.74	89.93	0.909
Dorylaimida	0.75	0.64	1.18	5.33	10.67	1.59	91.52	0.426
Pseudacrobeles	0.50	0.43	1.15	8.00	1.00	1.06	92.58	0.972
Alaimus	0.50	0.45	1.11	13.00	16.00	1.05	93.63	0.972
Teratocephalus	0.44	0.21	2.08	7.00	2.00	0.93	94.56	0.533
Boleodorus	0.43	0.31	1.39	1.00	6.00	0.91	95.47	0.969
Ceratoplectus	0.40	0.50	0.81	5.33	1.00	0.85	96.32	0.763
Diphtherophora	0.39	0.25	1.57	8.00	3.67	0.82	97.14	0.325
Cervidellus	0.32	0.13	2.42	3.33	3.00	0.68	97.82	0.258
Aporcelaimellus	0.25	0.21	1.19	2.33	2.00	0.53	98.35	0.694
Diplogasteridae	0.24	0.35	0.67	3.67	0.00	0.49	98.84	0.387
Tripyla	0.22	0.33	0.67	2.33	0.00	0.47	99.31	0.401
Tylocephalus	0.21	0.14	1.45	3.33	1.00	0.44	99.75	0.635
Clarkus	0.12	0.18	0.67	1.67	0.00	0.25	100.00	0.92
Ecphyadophora	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
R2M vs R2W	Average dissimilarity = 39.04
Xenocriconemella	7.54	5.70	1.32	16.00	92.00	19.32	19.32	0.016
Rhabditidae	6.56	2.40	2.73	93.67	30.00	16.80	36.12	0.261
Meloidogyne	4.42	2.85	1.55	76.00	33.67	11.32	47.44	0.228
Gracilacus	3.06	2.75	1.11	17.33	28.33	7.85	55.29	0.538
Prismatolaimus	2.67	1.86	1.44	20.67	41.67	6.85	62.14	0.161
Acrobeloides	2.52	2.16	1.17	36.33	37.67	6.46	68.60	0.209
Filenchus	1.66	0.80	2.07	133.00	123.33	4.25	72.85	0.949
Alaimus	1.54	1.27	1.21	20.00	16.00	3.93	76.78	0.45
Ditylenchus	1.30	0.89	1.45	15.33	13.33	3.33	80.11	0.245
Acrobeles	1.13	1.29	0.88	12.33	2.00	2.89	83.00	0.285
Aphelenchoides	0.96	0.68	1.42	18.00	16.67	2.46	85.46	0.936
Dorylaimida	0.94	0.74	1.28	4.33	10.67	2.42	87.88	0.103
Boleodorus	0.83	0.55	1.51	10.33	6.00	2.12	90.00	0.114
Pseudacrobeles	0.80	0.55	1.46	8.67	1.00	2.04	92.04	0.444
Plectus	0.69	0.35	1.95	10.67	17.67	1.77	93.81	0.979
Aporcelaimellus	0.44	0.39	1.13	3.67	2.00	1.12	94.93	0.171
Clarkus	0.44	0.39	1.10	4.00	0.00	1.11	96.04	0.026
Ceratoplectus	0.40	0.17	2.36	5.00	1.00	1.03	97.07	0.784
Diphtherophora	0.36	0.33	1.08	1.33	3.67	0.92	97.99	0.48
Helicotylenchus	0.24	0.28	0.87	1.00	2.00	0.62	98.61	0.921
Cervidellus	0.21	0.16	1.32	1.00	3.00	0.54	99.15	0.758
Tylocephalus	0.17	0.18	0.92	1.33	1.00	0.44	99.59	0.909
Teratocephalus	0.16	0.15	1.08	2.33	2.00	0.41	100.00	0.999
Diplogasteridae	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Ecphyadophora	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Tripyla	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Nov-17
Control vs SLR	Average dissimilarity = 34.96
Alaimus	4.21	3.08	1.36	31.00	76.33	12.03	12.03	0.292
Xenocriconemella	4.16	3.50	1.19	95.00	112.00	11.91	23.94	0.922
Meloidogyne	3.55	1.46	2.42	47.33	58.67	10.15	34.09	0.514
Helicotylenchus	3.47	4.40	0.79	56.67	6.00	9.91	44.00	0.485
Rhabditidae	2.46	2.07	1.19	30.67	46.67	7.04	51.04	0.743
Prismatolaimus	2.21	0.85	2.61	43.67	37.33	6.32	57.36	0.587
Gracilacus	2.16	1.31	1.65	58.67	64.00	6.18	63.54	0.932
Filenchus	1.88	1.76	1.07	106.00	130.33	5.38	68.92	0.987
Aphelenchoides	1.38	1.21	1.14	17.00	27.00	3.94	72.86	0.41
Ditylenchus	1.31	0.60	2.20	21.33	4.33	3.76	76.62	0.521
Acrobeles	1.28	1.24	1.03	21.00	6.00	3.68	80.30	0.571
Pseudacrobeles	1.16	1.01	1.14	15.67	4.33	3.31	83.61	0.371
Boleodorus	0.93	0.62	1.51	4.00	14.00	2.67	86.28	0.258
Acrobeloides	0.69	0.62	1.12	14.67	11.67	1.98	88.26	0.86
Plectus	0.67	0.45	1.48	29.67	22.00	1.91	90.17	0.901
Tripyla	0.53	0.50	1.06	5.00	5.33	1.53	91.70	0.311
Dorylaimida	0.53	0.39	1.34	11.67	13.67	1.50	93.20	0.837
Diphtherophora	0.45	0.28	1.62	6.67	5.00	1.29	94.49	0.479
Ceratoplectus	0.42	0.28	1.52	8.33	8.33	1.20	95.69	0.778
Aporcelaimellus	0.37	0.37	1.00	4.00	7.33	1.05	96.74	0.652
Teratocephalus	0.30	0.33	0.90	3.33	2.67	0.86	97.60	0.218
Clarkus	0.28	0.28	1.01	3.33	6.67	0.80	98.40	0.903
Tylocephalus	0.17	0.14	1.27	2.33	1.33	0.50	98.90	0.737
Ecphyadophora	0.16	0.12	1.36	2.33	1.00	0.46	99.36	0.548
Cervidellus	0.14	0.15	0.96	1.67	1.00	0.41	99.77	0.744
Diplogasteridae	0.08	0.12	0.66	1.00	0.00	0.23	100.00	0.741
Aphelenchus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Control vs R2M	Average dissimilarity = 43.16
Xenocriconemella	5.71	3.34	1.71	95.00	38.00	13.22	13.22	0.437
Helicotylenchus	4.38	4.92	0.89	56.67	1.00	10.14	23.36	0.008
Meloidogyne	4.06	3.20	1.27	47.33	51.67	9.39	32.75	0.289
Filenchus	3.60	2.07	1.74	106.00	142.67	8.35	41.10	0.705
Rhabditidae	3.42	2.80	1.22	30.67	60.67	7.93	49.03	0.476
Alaimus	3.29	2.70	1.22	31.00	44.33	7.62	56.65	0.66
Gracilacus	3.16	1.06	2.97	58.67	21.67	7.32	63.97	0.733
Prismatolaimus	2.88	1.91	1.51	43.67	24.67	6.67	70.64	0.133
Acrobeles	1.80	1.38	1.30	21.00	12.00	4.18	74.82	0.137
Plectus	1.53	0.52	2.96	29.67	11.67	3.54	78.36	0.023
Pseudacrobeles	1.32	1.07	1.23	15.67	10.33	3.05	81.41	0.193
Acrobeloides	1.15	0.77	1.49	14.67	15.00	2.66	84.07	0.381
Ditylenchus	0.98	0.79	1.24	21.33	10.67	2.27	86.34	0.691
Dorylaimida	0.87	0.58	1.50	11.67	2.67	2.01	88.35	0.08
Aphelenchoides	0.80	0.58	1.39	17.00	16.33	1.86	90.21	0.784
Boleodorus	0.73	0.36	2.03	4.00	11.33	1.70	91.91	0.72
Ceratoplectus	0.70	0.41	1.69	8.33	1.00	1.62	93.53	0.094
Clarkus	0.60	0.62	0.96	3.33	7.67	1.38	94.91	0.448
Tripyla	0.48	0.48	1.01	5.00	2.00	1.11	96.02	0.43
Diphtherophora	0.39	0.39	0.99	6.67	4.00	0.91	96.93	0.618
Aporcelaimellus	0.34	0.30	1.12	4.00	5.67	0.77	97.70	0.753
Teratocephalus	0.25	0.38	0.66	3.33	0.00	0.59	98.29	0.34
Tylocephalus	0.19	0.17	1.17	2.33	0.00	0.45	98.74	0.632
Diplogasteridae	0.19	0.22	0.89	1.00	1.67	0.45	99.19	0.27
Ecphyadophora	0.19	0.15	1.29	2.33	1.00	0.44	99.63	0.281
Cervidellus	0.16	0.17	0.94	1.67	1.00	0.37	100.00	0.674
Aphelenchus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Control vs R2W	Average dissimilarity = 44.59
Gracilacus	7.54	4.60	1.64	58.67	72.00	16.90	16.90	0.188
Xenocriconemella	4.61	4.00	1.15	95.00	80.67	10.35	27.25	0.837
Helicotylenchus	4.37	5.12	0.85	56.67	3.00	9.80	37.05	0.006
Filenchus	4.35	2.55	1.71	106.00	63.67	9.75	46.80	0.432
Meloidogyne	4.19	2.23	1.88	47.33	55.00	9.40	56.20	0.222
Prismatolaimus	3.26	1.91	1.71	43.67	13.67	7.32	63.52	0.036
Alaimus	2.59	2.54	1.02	31.00	15.33	5.81	69.33	0.909
Acrobeles	2.02	1.46	1.39	21.00	1.00	4.53	73.86	0.07
Rhabditidae	1.92	1.66	1.16	30.67	20.67	4.31	78.17	0.838
Plectus	1.55	0.92	1.69	29.67	12.67	3.47	81.64	0.023
Pseudacrobeles	1.28	1.02	1.25	15.67	9.33	2.87	84.51	0.208
Ditylenchus	1.16	1.10	1.06	21.33	26.33	2.61	87.12	0.589
Ceratoplectus	0.82	0.40	2.08	8.33	0.00	1.84	88.96	0.024
Dorylaimida	0.68	0.50	1.35	11.67	5.67	1.52	90.48	0.491
Acrobeloides	0.59	0.41	1.45	14.67	18.00	1.33	91.81	0.932
Aphelenchoides	0.58	0.42	1.37	17.00	21.33	1.29	93.10	0.939
Diphtherophora	0.53	0.40	1.34	6.67	2.00	1.20	94.30	0.19
Tripyla	0.49	0.58	0.84	5.00	0.00	1.09	95.39	0.37
Boleodorus	0.46	0.57	0.80	4.00	1.00	1.03	96.42	0.981
Clarkus	0.32	0.23	1.37	3.33	3.67	0.71	97.13	0.853
Cervidellus	0.27	0.31	0.86	1.67	2.33	0.60	97.73	0.409
Teratocephalus	0.26	0.39	0.67	3.33	0.00	0.59	98.32	0.253
Tylocephalus	0.25	0.19	1.32	2.33	3.00	0.56	98.88	0.323
Aporcelaimellus	0.23	0.19	1.18	4.00	3.67	0.51	99.39	0.851
Ecphyadophora	0.18	0.13	1.39	2.33	1.67	0.39	99.78	0.408
Diplogasteridae	0.10	0.14	0.67	1.00	0.00	0.22	100.00	0.508
Aphelenchus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
SLR vs R2M	Average dissimilarity = 37.03
Xenocriconemella	6.87	3.94	1.75	112.00	38.00	18.55	18.55	0.12
Alaimus	3.85	3.53	1.09	76.33	44.33	10.41	28.96	0.458
Rhabditidae	3.48	3.06	1.14	46.67	60.67	9.39	38.35	0.429
Gracilacus	3.47	2.55	1.36	64.00	21.67	9.36	47.71	0.614
Meloidogyne	3.12	2.09	1.49	58.67	51.67	8.43	56.14	0.735
Filenchus	2.35	0.96	2.43	130.33	142.67	6.34	62.48	0.939
Prismatolaimus	1.81	0.96	1.89	37.33	24.67	4.87	67.35	0.894
Aphelenchoides	1.74	1.27	1.37	27.00	16.33	4.71	72.06	0.127
Acrobeloides	1.26	1.13	1.12	11.67	15.00	3.39	75.45	0.308
Acrobeles	1.15	1.08	1.06	6.00	12.00	3.10	78.55	0.719
Dorylaimida	0.92	0.52	1.76	13.67	2.67	2.48	81.03	0.06
Boleodorus	0.90	0.36	2.48	14.00	11.33	2.45	83.48	0.315
Plectus	0.84	0.45	1.89	22.00	11.67	2.28	85.76	0.695
Ditylenchus	0.84	0.63	1.33	4.33	10.67	2.26	88.02	0.829
Pseudacrobeles	0.67	0.66	1.01	4.33	10.33	1.81	89.83	0.81
Clarkus	0.67	0.49	1.38	6.67	7.67	1.80	91.63	0.336
Ceratoplectus	0.60	0.46	1.30	8.33	1.00	1.61	93.24	0.263
Helicotylenchus	0.50	0.45	1.12	6.00	1.00	1.36	94.60	0.91
Tripyla	0.48	0.53	0.90	5.33	2.00	1.28	95.88	0.44
Aporcelaimellus	0.47	0.46	1.01	7.33	5.67	1.26	97.14	0.376
Diphtherophora	0.35	0.21	1.67	5.00	4.00	0.95	98.09	0.728
Teratocephalus	0.20	0.31	0.66	2.67	0.00	0.55	98.64	0.612
Diplogasteridae	0.17	0.25	0.66	0.00	1.67	0.45	99.09	0.468
Ecphyadophora	0.12	0.15	0.82	1.00	1.00	0.33	99.42	0.881
Cervidellus	0.11	0.14	0.83	1.00	1.00	0.30	99.72	0.82
Tylocephalus	0.10	0.15	0.66	1.33	0.00	0.28	100.00	0.943
Aphelenchus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
SLR vs R2W	Average dissimilarity = 44.30
Gracilacus	7.45	4.77	1.56	64.00	72.00	16.81	16.81	0.207
Filenchus	6.06	2.35	2.58	130.33	63.67	13.67	30.48	0.045
Alaimus	5.75	3.18	1.81	76.33	15.33	12.97	43.45	0.035
Xenocriconemella	5.70	3.69	1.54	112.00	80.67	12.86	56.31	0.406
Rhabditidae	2.91	2.86	1.02	46.67	20.67	6.57	62.88	0.602
Prismatolaimus	2.15	0.96	2.25	37.33	13.67	4.86	67.74	0.621
Ditylenchus	2.03	1.49	1.36	4.33	26.33	4.57	72.31	0.05
Meloidogyne	1.93	1.42	1.36	58.67	55.00	4.36	76.67	0.99
Aphelenchoides	1.64	1.16	1.42	27.00	21.33	3.71	80.38	0.186
Boleodorus	1.16	0.82	1.42	14.00	1.00	2.61	82.99	0.033
Acrobeloides	0.90	0.85	1.06	11.67	18.00	2.04	85.03	0.593
Plectus	0.87	0.78	1.12	22.00	12.67	1.97	87.00	0.656
Dorylaimida	0.76	0.47	1.61	13.67	5.67	1.71	88.71	0.282
Ceratoplectus	0.71	0.44	1.62	8.33	0.00	1.60	90.31	0.071
Pseudacrobeles	0.60	0.46	1.31	4.33	9.33	1.36	91.67	0.87
Helicotylenchus	0.54	0.42	1.29	6.00	3.00	1.22	92.89	0.852
Aporcelaimellus	0.50	0.39	1.28	7.33	3.67	1.13	94.02	0.236
Acrobeles	0.49	0.33	1.46	6.00	1.00	1.10	95.12	0.932
Clarkus	0.46	0.28	1.67	6.67	3.67	1.04	96.16	0.59
Tripyla	0.43	0.64	0.67	5.33	0.00	0.96	97.12	0.591
Diphtherophora	0.42	0.34	1.24	5.00	2.00	0.95	98.07	0.56
Tylocephalus	0.26	0.22	1.14	1.33	3.00	0.58	98.65	0.306
Cervidellus	0.25	0.28	0.88	1.00	2.33	0.55	99.20	0.473
Teratocephalus	0.21	0.32	0.67	2.67	0.00	0.48	99.68	0.528
Ecphyadophora	0.14	0.12	1.17	1.00	1.67	0.32	100.00	0.753
Aphelenchus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Diplogasteridae	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
R2M vs R2W	Average dissimilarity = 47.64
Filenchus	8.23	3.22	2.56	142.67	63.67	17.28	17.28	0.001
Gracilacus	7.35	8.75	0.84	21.67	72.00	15.43	32.71	0.227
Xenocriconemella	6.52	4.92	1.33	38.00	80.67	13.69	46.40	0.163
Rhabditidae	4.21	4.07	1.03	60.67	20.67	8.84	55.24	0.154
Meloidogyne	4.07	2.64	1.54	51.67	55.00	8.53	63.77	0.286
Alaimus	3.44	2.52	1.36	44.33	15.33	7.23	71.00	0.583
Prismatolaimus	1.87	1.58	1.18	24.67	13.67	3.91	74.91	0.816
Ditylenchus	1.79	1.69	1.06	10.67	26.33	3.77	78.68	0.183
Acrobeloides	1.45	0.84	1.72	15.00	18.00	3.04	81.72	0.111
Acrobeles	1.21	1.66	0.73	12.00	1.00	2.55	84.27	0.655
Boleodorus	1.10	0.34	3.27	11.33	1.00	2.30	86.57	0.068
Aphelenchoides	0.94	0.79	1.19	16.33	21.33	1.98	88.55	0.663
Pseudacrobeles	0.90	0.64	1.42	10.33	9.33	1.89	90.44	0.61
Plectus	0.80	0.59	1.37	11.67	12.67	1.69	92.13	0.755
Clarkus	0.80	0.72	1.11	7.67	3.67	1.68	93.81	0.102
Aporcelaimellus	0.49	0.32	1.54	5.67	3.67	1.03	94.84	0.278
Dorylaimida	0.42	0.29	1.44	2.67	5.67	0.88	95.72	0.955
Diphtherophora	0.38	0.20	1.86	4.00	2.00	0.80	96.52	0.653
Helicotylenchus	0.36	0.43	0.83	1.00	3.00	0.75	97.27	0.99
Tylocephalus	0.32	0.29	1.12	0.00	3.00	0.68	97.95	0.06
Cervidellus	0.29	0.34	0.85	1.00	2.33	0.61	98.56	0.219
Diplogasteridae	0.21	0.32	0.67	1.67	0.00	0.45	99.01	0.133
Tripyla	0.20	0.30	0.67	2.00	0.00	0.42	99.43	0.845
Ecphyadophora	0.17	0.15	1.15	1.00	1.67	0.36	99.79	0.478
Ceratoplectus	0.10	0.15	0.67	1.00	0.00	0.21	100.00	1
Aphelenchus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Teratocephalus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Jan-18
Control vs SLR	Average dissimilarity = 43.28
Filenchus	8.38	6.27	1.34	191.33	156.67	19.36	19.36	0.832
Xenocriconemella	6.54	3.87	1.69	57.67	108.67	15.11	34.47	0.807
Gracilacus	3.99	2.78	1.43	49.00	42.33	9.20	43.67	0.448
Pseudacrobeles	3.09	1.83	1.69	37.33	2.00	7.14	50.81	0.053
Plectus	2.33	2.17	1.07	40.67	21.00	5.37	56.18	0.532
Ditylenchus	2.05	2.06	1.00	28.00	9.00	4.74	60.92	0.317
Prismatolaimus	1.91	1.21	1.58	24.67	19.33	4.40	65.32	0.533
Helicotylenchus	1.88	1.46	1.29	23.33	2.33	4.35	69.67	0.087
Acrobeloides	1.86	1.60	1.16	23.33	22.00	4.30	73.97	0.71
Aphelenchoides	1.59	1.22	1.30	25.33	9.33	3.67	77.64	0.316
Rhabditidae	1.55	0.82	1.89	22.00	27.33	3.58	81.22	0.673
Meloidogyne	1.46	1.13	1.30	29.67	42.00	3.38	84.60	0.89
Acrobeles	1.37	1.71	0.80	2.67	16.67	3.17	87.77	0.49
Tylocephalus	0.83	0.76	1.09	9.00	2.33	1.91	89.68	0.249
Ceratoplectus	0.62	0.75	0.83	7.00	1.33	1.43	91.11	0.362
Boleodorus	0.62	0.58	1.07	6.33	0.00	1.43	92.54	0.089
Ecphyadophora	0.59	0.36	1.64	6.67	0.00	1.36	93.90	0.321
Cervidellus	0.48	0.37	1.30	5.67	1.33	1.12	95.02	0.257
Teratocephalus	0.47	0.43	1.09	5.33	2.00	1.07	96.09	0.4
Alaimus	0.43	0.22	1.93	10.00	8.00	1.00	97.09	0.916
Aporcelaimellus	0.34	0.30	1.17	4.00	2.33	0.79	97.88	0.603
Clarkus	0.26	0.39	0.66	3.33	0.00	0.60	98.48	0.509
Diphtherophora	0.24	0.28	0.86	2.33	1.00	0.56	99.04	0.409
Dorylaimida	0.22	0.33	0.65	2.33	0.00	0.50	99.54	0.422
Diplogasteridae	0.20	0.17	1.20	2.33	0.00	0.46	100.00	0.203
Tripyla	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Control vs R2M	Average dissimilarity = 49.59
Filenchus	10.97	4.62	2.38	191.33	93.33	22.12	22.12	0.239
Xenocriconemella	4.87	4.21	1.16	57.67	16.33	9.82	31.94	0.929
Gracilacus	4.61	4.77	0.97	49.00	11.00	9.29	41.23	0.299
Plectus	3.34	2.96	1.13	40.67	10.33	6.74	47.97	0.046
Pseudacrobeles	3.33	2.15	1.55	37.33	8.33	6.72	54.69	0.031
Helicotylenchus	2.40	1.85	1.30	23.33	0.67	4.84	59.53	0.018
Meloidogyne	2.39	1.34	1.78	29.67	10.33	4.82	64.35	0.429
Prismatolaimus	2.37	2.02	1.17	24.67	6.00	4.78	69.13	0.144
Acrobeloides	2.13	1.97	1.08	23.33	18.67	4.29	73.42	0.544
Ditylenchus	2.12	2.23	0.95	28.00	19.67	4.28	77.70	0.314
Aphelenchoides	2.06	1.67	1.24	25.33	9.67	4.16	81.86	0.097
Alaimus	1.19	0.54	2.19	10.00	0.67	2.41	84.27	0.056
Tylocephalus	1.18	1.15	1.03	9.00	0.00	2.38	86.65	0.013
Rhabditidae	0.98	0.82	1.20	22.00	15.33	1.99	88.64	0.956
Boleodorus	0.81	0.72	1.11	6.33	0.00	1.62	90.26	0.01
Ceratoplectus	0.81	1.01	0.80	7.00	0.00	1.63	91.89	0.034
Acrobeles	0.76	0.67	1.13	2.67	5.67	1.54	93.43	0.736
Cervidellus	0.59	0.38	1.57	5.67	2.00	1.19	94.62	0.068
Ecphyadophora	0.58	0.45	1.30	6.67	3.33	1.17	95.79	0.373
Teratocephalus	0.51	0.58	0.89	5.33	0.67	1.03	96.82	0.22
Clarkus	0.39	0.35	1.13	3.33	1.33	0.80	97.62	0.086
Aporcelaimellus	0.39	0.25	1.57	4.00	2.00	0.78	98.40	0.445
Diphtherophora	0.28	0.42	0.66	2.33	0.00	0.56	98.96	0.282
Dorylaimida	0.28	0.42	0.66	2.33	0.00	0.56	99.52	0.025
Diplogasteridae	0.24	0.19	1.28	2.33	0.67	0.48	100.00	0.062
Tripyla	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Control vs R2W	Average dissimilarity = 49.09
Filenchus	10.40	5.81	1.79	191.33	88.33	21.18	21.18	0.359
Xenocriconemella	8.59	9.06	0.95	57.67	93.67	17.50	38.68	0.605
Gracilacus	4.08	4.45	0.92	49.00	14.67	8.31	46.99	0.437
Plectus	3.33	2.86	1.17	40.67	5.67	6.78	53.77	0.062
Pseudacrobeles	2.94	1.88	1.56	37.33	12.33	5.99	59.76	0.074
Prismatolaimus	2.39	2.22	1.08	24.67	1.00	4.87	64.63	0.154
Helicotylenchus	2.22	1.67	1.33	23.33	1.00	4.53	69.16	0.03
Acrobeloides	2.22	1.54	1.45	23.33	18.33	4.53	73.69	0.441
Ditylenchus	2.13	2.09	1.02	28.00	13.67	4.34	78.03	0.263
Meloidogyne	1.57	1.04	1.50	29.67	16.33	3.19	81.22	0.825
Aphelenchoides	1.29	0.89	1.44	25.33	16.33	2.63	83.85	0.497
Tylocephalus	1.05	0.97	1.08	9.00	0.67	2.14	85.99	0.034
Rhabditidae	1.03	0.77	1.34	22.00	23.33	2.09	88.08	0.945
Alaimus	0.80	0.41	1.95	10.00	3.00	1.63	89.71	0.409
Ceratoplectus	0.74	0.93	0.80	7.00	0.00	1.51	91.22	0.082
Boleodorus	0.74	0.67	1.10	6.33	0.00	1.51	92.73	0.026
Ecphyadophora	0.70	0.41	1.70	6.67	0.00	1.42	94.15	0.142
Cervidellus	0.57	0.38	1.53	5.67	1.00	1.17	95.32	0.077
Teratocephalus	0.48	0.54	0.88	5.33	0.67	0.98	96.30	0.325
Aporcelaimellus	0.44	0.33	1.31	4.00	0.00	0.89	97.19	0.234
Acrobeles	0.32	0.30	1.05	2.67	0.00	0.65	97.84	0.788
Clarkus	0.30	0.45	0.66	3.33	0.00	0.60	98.44	0.356
Diphtherophora	0.28	0.34	0.81	2.33	0.67	0.56	99.00	0.268
Dorylaimida	0.25	0.38	0.66	2.33	0.00	0.52	99.52	0.126
Diplogasteridae	0.23	0.19	1.22	2.33	0.00	0.48	100.00	0.063
Tripyla	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
SLR vs R2M	Average dissimilarity = 52.55
Xenocriconemella	12.82	5.49	2.34	108.67	16.33	24.39	24.39	0.183
Filenchus	12.77	4.88	2.62	156.67	93.33	24.30	48.69	0.068
Meloidogyne	4.90	2.73	1.79	42.00	10.33	9.33	58.02	0.002
Gracilacus	4.70	2.43	1.93	42.33	11.00	8.93	66.95	0.254
Rhabditidae	2.48	1.50	1.66	27.33	15.33	4.72	71.67	0.138
Acrobeles	2.21	2.29	0.96	16.67	5.67	4.20	75.87	0.081
Acrobeloides	2.08	2.38	0.87	22.00	18.67	3.95	79.82	0.607
Plectus	1.69	1.16	1.47	21.00	10.33	3.23	83.05	0.602
Prismatolaimus	1.66	0.92	1.81	19.33	6.00	3.16	86.21	0.567
Ditylenchus	1.63	1.24	1.31	9.00	19.67	3.09	89.30	0.53
Alaimus	1.24	1.12	1.11	8.00	0.67	2.36	91.66	0.034
Pseudacrobeles	0.96	0.74	1.29	2.00	8.33	1.82	93.48	0.94
Aphelenchoides	0.79	0.61	1.28	9.33	9.67	1.50	94.98	0.909
Ecphyadophora	0.52	0.63	0.81	0.00	3.33	0.98	95.96	0.488
Aporcelaimellus	0.41	0.32	1.29	2.33	2.00	0.78	96.74	0.361
Helicotylenchus	0.30	0.35	0.87	2.33	0.67	0.58	97.32	0.883
Teratocephalus	0.30	0.32	0.94	2.00	0.67	0.57	97.89	0.657
Tylocephalus	0.28	0.21	1.31	2.33	0.00	0.53	98.42	0.766
Cervidellus	0.28	0.24	1.14	1.33	2.00	0.53	98.95	0.885
Clarkus	0.19	0.16	1.19	0.00	1.33	0.36	99.31	0.563
Ceratoplectus	0.15	0.23	0.66	1.33	0.00	0.29	99.60	0.64
Diphtherophora	0.13	0.19	0.66	1.00	0.00	0.24	99.84	0.631
Diplogasteridae	0.08	0.13	0.64	0.00	0.67	0.16	100.00	0.856
Boleodorus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Dorylaimida	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Tripyla	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
SLR vs R2W	Average dissimilarity = 47.81
Xenocriconemella	12.65	5.45	2.32	108.67	93.67	26.46	26.46	0.22
Filenchus	11.72	6.94	1.69	156.67	88.33	24.51	50.97	0.181
Gracilacus	4.31	2.28	1.90	42.33	14.67	9.02	59.99	0.352
Meloidogyne	3.53	2.10	1.69	42.00	16.33	7.40	67.39	0.053
Rhabditidae	2.28	1.69	1.35	27.33	23.33	4.76	72.15	0.196
Prismatolaimus	2.18	0.73	2.98	19.33	1.00	4.57	76.72	0.33
Acrobeloides	2.10	1.77	1.18	22.00	18.33	4.38	81.10	0.54
Plectus	1.84	0.93	1.98	21.00	5.67	3.85	84.95	0.54
Acrobeles	1.79	2.45	0.73	16.67	0.00	3.76	88.71	0.309
Pseudacrobeles	1.29	1.13	1.14	2.00	12.33	2.70	91.41	0.853
Aphelenchoides	1.09	1.00	1.09	9.33	16.33	2.27	93.68	0.681
Alaimus	0.78	0.83	0.94	8.00	3.00	1.63	95.31	0.448
Ditylenchus	0.68	0.57	1.20	9.00	13.67	1.41	96.72	0.951
Helicotylenchus	0.31	0.32	0.99	2.33	1.00	0.66	97.38	0.849
Teratocephalus	0.27	0.29	0.91	2.00	0.67	0.56	97.94	0.711
Tylocephalus	0.24	0.17	1.44	2.33	0.67	0.51	98.45	0.814
Aporcelaimellus	0.24	0.37	0.66	2.33	0.00	0.52	98.97	0.893
Cervidellus	0.21	0.23	0.90	1.33	1.00	0.43	99.40	0.952
Diphtherophora	0.15	0.16	0.90	1.00	0.67	0.31	99.71	0.566
Ceratoplectus	0.14	0.21	0.66	1.33	0.00	0.29	100.00	0.696
Boleodorus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Clarkus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Diplogasteridae	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Dorylaimida	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Ecphyadophora	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Tripyla	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
R2M vs R2W	Average dissimilarity = 39.42
Xenocriconemella	13.46	15.76	0.85	16.33	93.67	34.14	34.14	0.148
Filenchus	7.11	4.32	1.65	93.33	88.33	18.03	52.17	0.946
Rhabditidae	2.41	1.95	1.24	15.33	23.33	6.12	58.29	0.155
Acrobeloides	2.33	1.30	1.80	18.67	18.33	5.92	64.21	0.392
Gracilacus	2.02	1.05	1.93	11.00	14.67	5.12	69.33	0.931
Ditylenchus	1.79	0.65	2.77	19.67	13.67	4.54	73.87	0.484
Aphelenchoides	1.64	1.53	1.07	9.67	16.33	4.17	78.04	0.281
Meloidogyne	1.43	0.97	1.48	10.33	16.33	3.64	81.68	0.92
Pseudacrobeles	1.37	1.22	1.13	8.33	12.33	3.47	85.15	0.83
Plectus	0.98	0.89	1.10	10.33	5.67	2.49	87.64	0.961
Prismatolaimus	0.96	0.50	1.90	6.00	1.00	2.43	90.07	0.934
Acrobeles	0.91	1.37	0.66	5.67	0.00	2.30	92.37	0.647
Ecphyadophora	0.68	0.81	0.84	3.33	0.00	1.73	94.10	0.182
Alaimus	0.58	0.46	1.25	0.67	3.00	1.47	95.57	0.782
Aporcelaimellus	0.39	0.39	1.02	2.00	0.00	1.00	96.57	0.411
Cervidellus	0.34	0.27	1.26	2.00	1.00	0.86	97.43	0.771
Clarkus	0.25	0.20	1.25	1.33	0.00	0.64	98.07	0.472
Helicotylenchus	0.24	0.29	0.83	0.67	1.00	0.62	98.69	0.908
Teratocephalus	0.18	0.21	0.82	0.67	0.67	0.44	99.13	0.832
Tylocephalus	0.13	0.20	0.66	0.00	0.67	0.34	99.47	0.935
Diplogasteridae	0.11	0.16	0.66	0.67	0.00	0.27	99.74	0.686
Diphtherophora	0.10	0.15	0.66	0.00	0.67	0.26	100.00	0.768
Boleodorus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Ceratoplectus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Dorylaimida	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Tripyla	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
May-18
Control vs SLR	Average dissimilarity = 40.20
Meloidogyne	7.31	5.99	1.22	135.33	140.67	18.17	18.17	0.85
Filenchus	4.87	3.14	1.55	130.67	76.67	12.12	30.29	0.822
Xenocriconemella	3.72	3.58	1.04	18.00	46.67	9.24	39.53	0.749
Acrobeles	2.66	1.74	1.53	32.67	9.67	6.60	46.13	0.116
Gracilacus	2.10	0.94	2.24	28.33	4.33	5.22	51.35	0.057
Helicotylenchus	2.03	2.48	0.82	22.33	3.67	5.05	56.40	0.414
Rhabditidae	2.02	1.56	1.30	46.00	34.00	5.02	61.42	0.525
Plectus	2.01	1.40	1.44	45.67	24.67	4.99	66.41	0.669
Prismatolaimus	1.78	1.53	1.17	21.67	30.67	4.43	70.84	0.538
Ditylenchus	1.76	1.30	1.35	24.33	4.33	4.37	75.21	0.054
Alaimus	1.69	1.07	1.59	24.33	38.00	4.20	79.41	0.871
Ceratoplectus	1.08	0.63	1.72	15.00	3.33	2.68	82.09	0.127
Acrobeloides	0.98	0.70	1.40	22.33	18.00	2.44	84.53	0.96
Pseudacrobeles	0.96	0.43	2.23	14.67	4.00	2.38	86.91	0.09
Aphelenchoides	0.92	0.63	1.47	15.00	5.67	2.29	89.20	0.822
Boleodorus	0.90	0.52	1.73	12.67	3.00	2.22	91.42	0.091
Aporcelaimellus	0.51	0.35	1.44	6.00	1.67	1.26	92.68	0.141
Tripyla	0.50	0.44	1.15	5.00	2.33	1.26	93.94	0.261
Dorylaimida	0.47	0.35	1.34	8.67	7.00	1.15	95.09	0.79
Clarkus	0.46	0.31	1.45	5.67	1.67	1.14	96.23	0.12
Cervidellus	0.44	0.31	1.42	5.00	0.67	1.09	97.32	0.37
Diphtherophora	0.37	0.29	1.28	2.67	4.33	0.93	98.25	0.595
Tylocephalus	0.27	0.22	1.23	3.33	0.67	0.68	98.93	0.262
Diplogasteridae	0.20	0.29	0.66	2.33	0.00	0.49	99.42	0.473
Ecphyadophora	0.12	0.18	0.66	1.33	0.00	0.29	99.71	0.83
Teratocephalus	0.12	0.18	0.66	1.33	0.00	0.29	100.00	0.735
Control vs R2M	Average dissimilarity = 42.25
Meloidogyne	7.81	5.32	1.47	135.33	190.67	18.47	18.47	0.762
Filenchus	7.76	2.49	3.12	130.67	49.33	18.37	36.84	0.083
Acrobeles	2.93	2.17	1.35	32.67	5.67	6.94	43.78	0.052
Gracilacus	2.17	1.19	1.82	28.33	4.67	5.13	48.91	0.041
Helicotylenchus	2.07	2.89	0.72	22.33	0.00	4.91	53.82	0.374
Alaimus	1.84	1.47	1.25	24.33	6.67	4.36	58.18	0.828
Plectus	1.69	1.40	1.21	45.67	28.00	4.00	62.18	0.845
Acrobeloides	1.63	0.81	2.01	22.33	32.67	3.86	66.04	0.609
Xenocriconemella	1.49	1.50	0.99	18.00	10.00	3.52	69.56	0.887
Ceratoplectus	1.38	0.70	1.96	15.00	1.00	3.27	72.83	0.012
Rhabditidae	1.37	1.48	0.92	46.00	33.33	3.25	76.08	0.855
Ditylenchus	1.35	1.29	1.05	24.33	9.67	3.19	79.27	0.433
Prismatolaimus	1.31	1.19	1.11	21.67	10.00	3.11	82.38	0.771
Boleodorus	1.18	0.34	3.48	12.67	0.00	2.79	85.17	0.011
Aphelenchoides	1.16	0.94	1.24	15.00	23.33	2.75	87.92	0.749
Pseudacrobeles	1.13	0.31	3.68	14.67	2.67	2.67	90.59	0.011
Dorylaimida	0.79	0.44	1.80	8.67	0.00	1.87	92.46	0.093
Aporcelaimellus	0.59	0.51	1.16	6.00	0.00	1.41	93.87	0.042
Clarkus	0.53	0.43	1.24	5.67	0.00	1.26	95.13	0.036
Cervidellus	0.48	0.38	1.28	5.00	3.33	1.14	96.27	0.227
Tripyla	0.44	0.66	0.66	5.00	0.00	1.04	97.31	0.429
Diphtherophora	0.30	0.37	0.80	2.67	0.67	0.70	98.01	0.841
Tylocephalus	0.28	0.25	1.11	3.33	1.00	0.67	98.68	0.195
Ecphyadophora	0.21	0.24	0.88	1.33	1.67	0.49	99.17	0.534
Diplogasteridae	0.20	0.31	0.66	2.33	0.00	0.48	99.65	0.329
Teratocephalus	0.15	0.15	0.94	1.33	0.67	0.35	100.00	0.621
Control vs R2W	Average dissimilarity = 56.30
Filenchus	11.48	1.83	6.26	130.67	25.00	20.38	20.38	0.001
Meloidogyne	7.47	4.99	1.50	135.33	114.33	13.27	33.65	0.837
Xenocriconemella	4.27	3.64	1.17	18.00	47.33	7.59	41.24	0.663
Plectus	4.23	1.51	2.80	45.67	6.67	7.51	48.75	0.002
Acrobeles	3.57	2.73	1.31	32.67	0.00	6.35	55.10	0.013
Alaimus	2.77	1.63	1.70	24.33	0.00	4.91	60.01	0.239
Rhabditidae	2.62	1.77	1.48	46.00	21.00	4.65	64.66	0.1
Gracilacus	2.59	1.22	2.12	28.33	3.67	4.60	69.26	0.003
Helicotylenchus	2.36	3.04	0.78	22.33	3.67	4.19	73.45	0.124
Prismatolaimus	2.06	1.44	1.43	21.67	1.67	3.67	77.12	0.482
Ceratoplectus	1.70	0.79	2.14	15.00	0.00	3.01	80.13	0.001
Ditylenchus	1.64	1.49	1.10	24.33	8.67	2.92	83.05	0.12
Boleodorus	1.35	0.36	3.72	12.67	0.00	2.40	85.45	0.001
Pseudacrobeles	1.28	0.40	3.19	14.67	3.00	2.27	87.72	0.003
Acrobeloides	1.08	0.77	1.40	22.33	14.00	1.92	89.64	0.927
Aphelenchoides	1.02	0.81	1.26	15.00	16.67	1.81	91.45	0.813
Dorylaimida	0.90	0.49	1.84	8.67	0.00	1.60	93.05	0.032
Aporcelaimellus	0.69	0.60	1.15	6.00	0.00	1.23	94.28	0.009
Clarkus	0.61	0.49	1.26	5.67	0.00	1.08	95.36	0.009
Cervidellus	0.56	0.44	1.27	5.00	0.00	1.01	96.37	0.116
Tripyla	0.50	0.75	0.66	5.00	0.00	0.88	97.25	0.27
Diphtherophora	0.40	0.32	1.24	2.67	2.33	0.70	97.95	0.551
Tylocephalus	0.36	0.30	1.17	3.33	0.00	0.64	98.59	0.021
Teratocephalus	0.35	0.39	0.89	1.33	2.67	0.62	99.21	0.436
Diplogasteridae	0.27	0.30	0.90	2.33	1.00	0.48	99.69	0.131
Ecphyadophora	0.18	0.20	0.90	1.33	1.00	0.31	100.00	0.573
SLR vs R2M	Average dissimilarity = 38.70
Meloidogyne	9.87	6.15	1.60	140.67	190.67	25.52	25.52	0.292
Xenocriconemella	4.48	5.67	0.79	46.67	10.00	11.58	37.10	0.566
Filenchus	4.14	4.30	0.96	76.67	49.33	10.69	47.79	0.924
Alaimus	3.62	1.96	1.85	38.00	6.67	9.35	57.14	0.055
Prismatolaimus	2.29	2.25	1.02	30.67	10.00	5.93	63.07	0.384
Acrobeloides	2.25	1.49	1.51	18.00	32.67	5.82	68.89	0.16
Rhabditidae	1.88	1.17	1.62	34.00	33.33	4.87	73.76	0.59
Aphelenchoides	1.88	1.38	1.36	5.67	23.33	4.86	78.62	0.143
Plectus	1.32	0.70	1.89	24.67	28.00	3.42	82.04	0.96
Acrobeles	1.06	0.86	1.24	9.67	5.67	2.75	84.79	0.825
Ditylenchus	0.86	0.55	1.58	4.33	9.67	2.23	87.02	0.631
Dorylaimida	0.78	0.42	1.87	7.00	0.00	2.03	89.05	0.119
Gracilacus	0.72	0.36	1.98	4.33	4.67	1.85	90.90	0.969
Diphtherophora	0.50	0.35	1.42	4.33	0.67	1.29	92.19	0.158
Helicotylenchus	0.45	0.68	0.66	3.67	0.00	1.16	93.35	0.819
Pseudacrobeles	0.43	0.36	1.18	4.00	2.67	1.11	94.46	0.97
Ceratoplectus	0.37	0.36	1.03	3.33	1.00	0.95	95.41	0.908
Cervidellus	0.37	0.43	0.84	0.67	3.33	0.95	96.36	0.551
Boleodorus	0.30	0.46	0.66	3.00	0.00	0.78	97.14	0.918
Tripyla	0.29	0.23	1.27	2.33	0.00	0.74	97.88	0.538
Ecphyadophora	0.22	0.33	0.66	0.00	1.67	0.56	98.44	0.527
Aporcelaimellus	0.21	0.17	1.23	1.67	0.00	0.53	98.97	0.744
Clarkus	0.18	0.14	1.29	1.67	0.00	0.48	99.45	0.79
Tylocephalus	0.13	0.14	0.96	0.67	1.00	0.35	99.80	0.755
Teratocephalus	0.08	0.12	0.66	0.00	0.67	0.20	100.00	0.869
Diplogasteridae	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
SLR vs R2W	Average dissimilarity = 48.26
Meloidogyne	9.87	6.17	1.60	140.67	114.33	20.44	20.44	0.322
Filenchus	7.28	5.61	1.30	76.67	25.00	15.09	35.53	0.142
Xenocriconemella	6.11	6.25	0.98	46.67	47.33	12.67	48.20	0.124
Alaimus	5.12	1.94	2.64	38.00	0.00	10.62	58.82	0.002
Prismatolaimus	3.69	2.43	1.52	30.67	1.67	7.65	66.47	0.005
Rhabditidae	2.54	1.42	1.79	34.00	21.00	5.27	71.74	0.141
Plectus	2.51	1.93	1.30	24.67	6.67	5.19	76.93	0.339
Aphelenchoides	1.63	1.40	1.17	5.67	16.67	3.38	80.31	0.356
Acrobeloides	1.47	1.10	1.33	18.00	14.00	3.05	83.36	0.726
Acrobeles	1.23	1.03	1.19	9.67	0.00	2.54	85.90	0.793
Ditylenchus	0.98	0.49	2.02	4.33	8.67	2.03	87.93	0.55
Dorylaimida	0.93	0.49	1.91	7.00	0.00	1.92	89.85	0.03
Gracilacus	0.72	0.28	2.59	4.33	3.67	1.49	91.34	0.973
Helicotylenchus	0.69	0.59	1.16	3.67	3.67	1.42	92.76	0.575
Pseudacrobeles	0.52	0.42	1.24	4.00	3.00	1.08	93.84	0.894
Diphtherophora	0.49	0.32	1.54	4.33	2.33	1.02	94.86	0.186
Ceratoplectus	0.49	0.45	1.09	3.33	0.00	1.02	95.88	0.79
Teratocephalus	0.39	0.59	0.66	0.00	2.67	0.80	96.68	0.399
Boleodorus	0.35	0.53	0.66	3.00	0.00	0.74	97.42	0.855
Tripyla	0.35	0.27	1.28	2.33	0.00	0.71	98.13	0.501
Aporcelaimellus	0.25	0.20	1.24	1.67	0.00	0.51	98.64	0.665
Clarkus	0.22	0.17	1.30	1.67	0.00	0.45	99.09	0.75
Diplogasteridae	0.12	0.18	0.66	0.00	1.00	0.25	99.34	0.714
Ecphyadophora	0.12	0.18	0.66	0.00	1.00	0.25	99.59	0.776
Cervidellus	0.10	0.15	0.66	0.67	0.00	0.21	99.80	0.915
Tylocephalus	0.10	0.15	0.66	0.67	0.00	0.20	100.00	0.906
R2M vs R2W	Average dissimilarity = 37.48
Meloidogyne	11.64	7.20	1.62	190.67	114.33	31.06	31.06	0.099
Xenocriconemella	5.22	5.87	0.89	10.00	47.33	13.93	44.99	0.323
Filenchus	3.88	2.25	1.72	49.33	25.00	10.35	55.34	0.941
Plectus	3.08	0.83	3.69	28.00	6.67	8.22	63.56	0.093
Acrobeloides	2.99	1.58	1.89	32.67	14.00	7.96	71.52	0.014
Aphelenchoides	1.90	1.40	1.36	23.33	16.67	5.08	76.60	0.135
Rhabditidae	1.73	0.85	2.04	33.33	21.00	4.61	81.21	0.703
Prismatolaimus	1.27	0.88	1.44	10.00	1.67	3.39	84.60	0.815
Gracilacus	0.90	0.99	0.91	4.67	3.67	2.40	87.00	0.873
Alaimus	0.88	0.75	1.18	6.67	0.00	2.35	89.35	0.997
Acrobeles	0.69	1.04	0.66	5.67	0.00	1.85	91.20	0.943
Helicotylenchus	0.55	0.58	0.96	0.00	3.67	1.48	92.68	0.663
Ditylenchus	0.51	0.45	1.14	9.67	8.67	1.35	94.03	0.971
Teratocephalus	0.45	0.56	0.81	0.67	2.67	1.21	95.24	0.189
Cervidellus	0.41	0.61	0.66	3.33	0.00	1.09	96.33	0.453
Pseudacrobeles	0.35	0.33	1.07	2.67	3.00	0.94	97.27	0.987
Diphtherophora	0.33	0.32	1.03	0.67	2.33	0.88	98.15	0.761
Ecphyadophora	0.32	0.38	0.84	1.67	1.00	0.85	99.00	0.118
Diplogasteridae	0.13	0.20	0.66	0.00	1.00	0.35	99.35	0.6
Ceratoplectus	0.12	0.18	0.66	1.00	0.00	0.32	99.67	0.997
Tylocephalus	0.12	0.18	0.66	1.00	0.00	0.33	100.00	0.781
Aporcelaimellus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Boleodorus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Clarkus	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Dorylaimida	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1
Tripyla	0.00	0.00	NaN	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00	1

Abundance and richness of nematode c-p classes per 100 cm3 of soil in different treatments: control, SLR, R2M, and R2W at all sampling times. (mean ± SE, n = 5).

c-p classes	Time	Control	SLR	R2M	R2W
Abundance
c-p 1	Apr-17	115.67 ± 34.6	97 ± 34.6	179.33 ± 34.6	96.67 ± 34.6
c-p 1	Jun-17	149.33 ± 34.6	57 ± 34.6	57 ± 34.6	65 ± 34.6
c-p 1	Sep-17	137 ± 34.6	123.67 ± 34.6	94.33 ± 34.6	31 ± 34.6
c-p 1	Nov-17	32.33 ± 34.6	46.67 ± 34.6	62.33 ± 34.6	20.67 ± 34.6
c-p 1	Jan-18	25.33 ± 34.6	32.67 ± 34.6	17.67 ± 34.6	23.33 ± 34.6
c-p 1	May-18	51 ± 34.6	35 ± 34.6	33.33 ± 34.6	22 ± 34.6
c-p 2	Apr-17	258.33 ± 51.94	210 ± 51.94	202.33 ± 51.94	235.67 ± 51.94
c-p 2	Jun-17	361 ± 51.94	262.33 ± 51.94	168.67 ± 51.94	197.67 ± 51.94
c-p 2	Sep-17	332.67 ± 51.94	461.33 ± 51.94	268.67 ± 51.94	251.33 ± 51.94
c-p 2	Nov-17	304.67 ± 51.94	295.33 ± 51.94	263 ± 51.94	233.33 ± 51.94
c-p 2	Jan-18	432.33 ± 51.94^a	283.67 ± 51.94^a,b	187.67 ± 51.94^b	172 ± 51.94^b
c-p 2	May-18	359.67 ± 51.94^a	158.33 ± 51.94^a,b	165 ± 51.94^b	79 ± 51.94^b
c-p 3	Apr-17	158.67 ± 53.65	211 ± 53.65	150 ± 53.65	137.33 ± 53.65
c-p 3	Jun-17	249.33 ± 53.65	183 ± 53.65	65 ± 53.65	107.33 ± 53.65
c-p 3	Sep-17	184 ± 53.65	272.67 ± 53.65	119 ± 53.65	176 ± 53.65
c-p 3	Nov-17	260.33 ± 53.65	228.67 ± 53.65	121.33 ± 53.65	155 ± 53.65
c-p 3	Jan-18	148 ± 53.65	176.33 ± 53.65	34.67 ± 53.65	114 ± 53.65
c-p 3	May-18	208 ± 53.65	229.67 ± 53.65	212 ± 53.65	171.67 ± 53.65
c-p 4	Apr-17	3.67 ± 11.23	8.67 ± 11.23	3.67 ± 11.23	18.67 ± 11.23
c-p 4	Jun-17	15 ± 11.23	9 ± 11.23	10 ± 11.23	4.67 ± 11.23
c-p 4	Sep-17	44 ± 11.23	21.67 ± 11.23	30.33 ± 11.23	29.33 ± 11.23
c-p 4	Nov-17	56.33 ± 11.23	105.33 ± 11.23	61 ± 11.23	30.67 ± 11.23
c-p 4	Jan-18	19.67 ± 11.23	8 ± 11.23	3.33 ± 11.23	3 ± 11.23
c-p 4	May-18	49 ± 11.23^a	54 ± 11.23^a	7.67 ± 11.23^b	0 ± 11.23^b
c-p 5	Apr-17	0 ± 6.1	0.67 ± 6.1	0 ± 6.1	0 ± 6.1
c-p 5	Jun-17	4.67 ± 6.1	2.33 ± 6.1	1.33 ± 6.1	1.33 ± 6.1
c-p 5	Sep-17	3 ± 6.1	2.33 ± 6.1	3.67 ± 6.1	2 ± 6.1
c-p 5	Nov-17	11.67 ± 6.1	11.67 ± 6.1	9 ± 6.1	5.33 ± 6.1
c-p 5	Jan-18	6.33 ± 6.1	3 ± 6.1	2.67 ± 6.1	0 ± 6.1
c-p 5	May-18	32 ± 6.1^a	10.33 ± 6.1^a,b	0.67 ± 6.1^b	0 ± 6.1^b
Richness
c-p 1	Apr-17	1 ± 0.33	1.33 ± 0.33	1.33 ± 0.33	1 ± 0.33
c-p 1	Jun-17	1.33 ± 0.33	1 ± 0.33	1.33 ± 0.33	2 ± 0.33
c-p 1	Sep-17	1.67 ± 0.33	1.33 ± 0.33	1.33 ± 0.33	1.33 ± 0.33
c-p 1	Nov-17	1.67 ± 0.33	1 ± 0.33	1.33 ± 0.33	1 ± 0.33
c-p 1	Jan-18	2 ± 0.33	2 ± 0.33	1.67 ± 0.33	1 ± 0.33
c-p 1	May-18	1.67 ± 0.33	1.33 ± 0.33	1 ± 0.33	1.33 ± 0.33
c-p 2	Apr-17	9 ± 0.87	7.67 ± 0.87	7.67 ± 0.87	7 ± 0.87
c-p 2	Jun-17	9 ± 0.87	10.67 ± 0.87	9 ± 0.87	10.67 ± 0.87
c-p 2	Sep-17	12 ± 0.87	9 ± 0.87	9.67 ± 0.87	9 ± 0.87
c-p 2	Nov-17	11.67 ± 0.87	9.67 ± 0.87	9 ± 0.87	9.67 ± 0.87
c-p 2	Jan-18	11.33 ± 0.87^a	8.33 ± 0.87^a,b	9.33 ± 0.87^a,b	7.67 ± 0.87^b
c-p 2	May-18	12 ± 0.87^a	9 ± 0.87^a,b	8.33 ± 0.87^b	6.33 ± 0.87^b
c-p 3	Apr-17	3.33 ± 0.81	2.67 ± 0.81	3.67 ± 0.81	3 ± 0.81
c-p 3	Jun-17	4.33 ± 0.81	4.33 ± 0.81	4 ± 0.81	4.33 ± 0.81
c-p 3	Sep-17	5 ± 0.81	7 ± 0.81	5 ± 0.81	5 ± 0.81
c-p 3	Nov-17	7 ± 0.81	5.33 ± 0.81	4.67 ± 0.81	4 ± 0.81
c-p 3	Jan-18	5 ± 0.81	4.33 ± 0.81	3.67 ± 0.81	3.67 ± 0.81
c-p 3	May-18	4.67 ± 0.81	5.33 ± 0.81	3.67 ± 0.81	4 ± 0.81
c-p 4	Apr-17	0.67 ± 0.51	1 ± 0.51	0.33 ± 0.51	1 ± 0.51
c-p 4	Jun-17	1.67 ± 0.51	1 ± 0.51	2.33 ± 0.51	1.67 ± 0.51
c-p 4	Sep-17	4 ± 0.51	2 ± 0.51	2.67 ± 0.51	2 ± 0.51
c-p 4	Nov-17	4.67 ± 0.51	5.67 ± 0.51	4 ± 0.51	5 ± 0.51
c-p 4	Jan-18	3 ± 0.51^a	1 ± 0.51^a,b	1.67 ± 0.51^a,b	0.67 ± 0.51^b
c-p 4	May-18	5 ± 0.51^a	4.67 ± 0.51^a	1 ± 0.51^b	0 ± 0.51^b
c-p 5	Apr-17	0 ± 0.38	0.33 ± 0.38	0 ± 0.38	0 ± 0.38
c-p 5	Jun-17	0.67 ± 0.38	0.33 ± 0.38	0.33 ± 0.38	0.67 ± 0.38
c-p 5	Sep-17	0.67 ± 0.38	0.33 ± 0.38	0.33 ± 0.38	0.67 ± 0.38
c-p 5	Nov-17	2 ± 0.38	2 ± 0.38	1.67 ± 0.38	1.33 ± 0.38
c-p 5	Jan-18	1.33 ± 0.38	0.67 ± 0.38	1 ± 0.38	0 ± 0.38
c-p 5	May-18	1.33 ± 0.38	1.33 ± 0.38	0.33 ± 0.38	0 ± 0.38

Abundance and richness of nematode trophic groups per 100 cm3 of soil in different treatments: control, SLR, R2M, and R2W at all sampling times. (mean ± pooled SE, n = 5).

Trophic group	Time	Control	SLR	R2M	R2W
Abundance
BF	Apr-17	274.33 ± 54.05	212.67 ± 54.05	264.67 ± 54.05	180 ± 54.05
	Jun-17	305.33 ± 54.05	191.33 ± 54.05	135 ± 54.05	145 ± 54.05
	Sep-17	318.67 ± 54.05	311.33 ± 54.05	212.67 ± 54.05	154 ± 54.05
	Nov-17	206 ± 54.05	220.67 ± 54.05	183 ± 54.05	97 ± 54.05
	Jan-18	195.67 ± 54.05	130 ± 54.05	73.67 ± 54.05	66.33 ± 54.05
	May-18	257.67 ± 54.05^a	174 ± 54.05^a,b	125.67 ± 54.05^a,b	50 ± 54.05^b
FF	Apr-17	88.33 ± 32.47	79.67 ± 32.47	114 ± 32.47	141.33 ± 32.47
	Jun-17	218.33 ± 32.47	143.67 ± 32.47	92.67 ± 32.47	116.33 ± 32.47
	Sep-17	181 ± 32.47	264 ± 32.47	167 ± 32.47	157.33 ± 32.47
	Nov-17	158.67 ± 32.47	169.67 ± 32.47	173.67 ± 32.47	114.67 ± 32.47
	Jan-18	249 ± 32.47^a	175.33 ± 32.47^a,b	122.67 ± 32.47^b	119.33 ± 32.47^b
	May-18	189.67 ± 32.47^a	100 ± 32.47^a,b	84.33 ± 32.47^a,b	53.33 ± 32.47^b
PP	Apr-17	170 ± 51.02	225.33 ± 51.02	153 ± 51.02	148.67 ± 51.02
	Jun-17	244.33 ± 51.02	171.67 ± 51.02	68.67 ± 51.02	109.33 ± 51.02
	Sep-17	186.33 ± 51.02	294 ± 51.02	122.67 ± 51.02	163.67 ± 51.02
	Nov-17	271 ± 51.02	259.67 ± 51.02	134 ± 51.02	216.67 ± 51.02
	Jan-18	175 ± 51.02	196 ± 51.02	44.67 ± 51.02	126.67 ± 51.02
	May-18	238.33 ± 51.02	207.67 ± 51.02	208 ± 51.02	169.67 ± 51.02
PR	Apr-17	0 ± 3.75	0.67 ± 3.75	3.67 ± 3.75	4.33 ± 3.75
	Jun-17	4.67 ± 3.75	5 ± 3.75	3.67 ± 3.75	0.67 ± 3.75
	Sep-17	7.67 ± 3.75	4 ± 3.75	5 ± 3.75	2.33 ± 3.75
	Nov-17	11 ± 3.75	14 ± 3.75	17 ± 3.75	4.67 ± 3.75
	Jan-18	3.33 ± 3.75	0 ± 3.75	2 ± 3.75	0 ± 3.75
	May-18	13.33 ± 3.75^a	5.33 ± 3.75^a,b	0 ± 3.75^b	0 ± 3.75^b
OM	Apr-17	3.67 ± 7.66	8.67 ± 7.66	0 ± 7.66	14.33 ± 7.66
	Jun-17	6.33 ± 7.66	2.33 ± 7.66	2 ± 7.66	5.33 ± 7.66
	Sep-17	7.33 ± 7.66	7.67 ± 7.66	9.33 ± 7.66	12.67 ± 7.66
	Nov-17	18.33 ± 7.66	23.67 ± 7.66	9.67 ± 7.66	13 ± 7.66
	Jan-18	8.33 ± 7.66	2.33 ± 7.66	2.67 ± 7.66	0 ± 7.66
	May-18	48.67 ± 7.66^a	20.33 ± 7.66^a,b	0.67 ± 7.66^b	0 ± 7.66^b
Richness
BF	Apr-17	7 ± 0.96	6.67 ± 0.96	7.33 ± 0.96	6 ± 0.96
	Jun-17	7.67 ± 0.96	8 ± 0.96	8 ± 0.96	9 ± 0.96
	Sep-17	10.33 ± 0.96	9.67 ± 0.96	9.33 ± 0.96	8.33 ± 0.96
	Nov-17	11 ± 0.96	9 ± 0.96	7 ± 0.96	7.67 ± 0.96
	Jan-18	10.67 ± 0.96^a	9 ± 0.96^a,b	8 ± 0.96^a,b	6.33 ± 0.96^b
	May-18	10.33 ± 0.96^a	8.67 ± 0.96^a	7 ± 0.96^a,b	4.67 ± 0.96^b
FF	Apr-17	2 ± 0.41	2 ± 0.41	2 ± 0.41	1.67 ± 0.41
	Jun-17	3 ± 0.41	3 ± 0.41	2.67 ± 0.41	4 ± 0.41
	Sep-17	4 ± 0.41	4 ± 0.41	3.33 ± 0.41	3.67 ± 0.41
	Nov-17	5 ± 0.41	4 ± 0.41	3.67 ± 0.41	3.67 ± 0.41
	Jan-18	4 ± 0.41	3.33 ± 0.41	3 ± 0.41	3.33 ± 0.41
	May-18	4 ± 0.41	4 ± 0.41	4 ± 0.41	3.67 ± 0.41
PP	Apr-17	4.33 ± 0.8	3 ± 0.8	3.33 ± 0.8	3.33 ± 0.8
	Jun-17	4.33 ± 0.8	5 ± 0.8	4.33 ± 0.8	4 ± 0.8
	Sep-17	5.33 ± 0.8	4.67 ± 0.8	4.33 ± 0.8	4.33 ± 0.8
	Nov-17	6.33 ± 0.8	5.33 ± 0.8	5.33 ± 0.8	5.67 ± 0.8
	Jan-18	6 ± 0.8	3.67 ± 0.8	4.33 ± 0.8	3.33 ± 0.8
	May-18	5.67 ± 0.8	4.33 ± 0.8	3 ± 0.8	3.33 ± 0.8
PR	Apr-17	0 ± 0.45	0.33 ± 0.45	0.33 ± 0.45	0.33 ± 0.45
	Jun-17	1 ± 0.45	1 ± 0.45	1.33 ± 0.45	0.33 ± 0.45
	Sep-17	1.67 ± 0.45	0.67 ± 0.45	1 ± 0.45	0.33 ± 0.45
	Nov-17	2 ± 0.45	2 ± 0.45	2.67 ± 0.45	1 ± 0.45
	Jan-18	0.33 ± 0.45	0 ± 0.45	1 ± 0.45	0 ± 0.45
	May-18	1.33 ± 0.45^a,b	1.67 ± 0.45^a	0 ± 0.45^b	0 ± 0.45^b
OM	Apr-17	0.67 ± 0.42	1 ± 0.42	0 ± 0.42	0.67 ± 0.42
	Jun-17	1 ± 0.42	0.33 ± 0.42	0.67 ± 0.42	2 ± 0.42
	Sep-17	2 ± 0.42	0.67 ± 0.42	1 ± 0.42	1.33 ± 0.42
	Nov-17	2.67 ± 0.42	3.33 ± 0.42	2 ± 0.42	3 ± 0.42
	Jan-18	1.67 ± 0.42	0.33 ± 0.42	1 ± 0.42	0 ± 0.42
	May-18	3.33 ± 0.42^a	3 ± 0.42^a	0.33 ± 0.42^b	0 ± 0.42^b

Abundance (individuals per 100 cm3 of soil) of nematode taxon in different treatments: control, SLR, R2M, and R2W at all sampling times. (mean ± pooled SE, n = 5).

Taxon	Abbreviation	Trophic groups	Time	Control	SLR	R2M	R2W
Rhabditidae	Rhab	BF	Apr-17	115.67 ± 34.19	96 ± 34.19	177.67 ± 34.19	96.67 ± 34.19
			Jun-17	147.67 ± 34.19	57 ± 34.19	56.33 ± 34.19	61.67 ± 34.19
			Sep-17	134.67 ± 34.19	120 ± 34.19	93.67 ± 34.19	30 ± 34.19
			Nov-17	30.67 ± 34.19	46.67 ± 34.19	60.67 ± 34.19	20.67 ± 34.19
			Jan-18	22 ± 34.19	27.33 ± 34.19	15.33 ± 34.19	23.33 ± 34.19
			May-18	46 ± 34.19	34 ± 34.19	33.33 ± 34.19	21 ± 34.19
Plectus	Plec	BF	Apr-17	55.67 ± 11.23	26.33 ± 11.23	29.33 ± 11.23	30.33 ± 11.23
			Jun-17	72.33 ± 11.23	40 ± 11.23	16.33 ± 11.23	20.33 ± 11.23
			Sep-17	50 ± 11.23	63 ± 11.23	10.67 ± 11.23	17.67 ± 11.23
			Nov-17	29.67 ± 11.23	22 ± 11.23	11.67 ± 11.23	12.67 ± 11.23
			Jan-18	40.67 ± 11.23	21 ± 11.23	10.33 ± 11.23	5.67 ± 11.23
			May-18	45.67 ± 11.23	24.67 ± 11.23	28 ± 11.23	6.67 ± 11.23
Acrobeloides	Acrd	BF	Apr-17	46.33 ± 12.83	53.67 ± 12.83	24 ± 12.83	30 ± 12.83
			Jun-17	18.67 ± 12.83	27 ± 12.83	28.33 ± 12.83	19 ± 12.83
			Sep-17	11.67 ± 12.83	31.33 ± 12.83	36.33 ± 12.83	37.67 ± 12.83
			Nov-17	14.67 ± 12.83	11.67 ± 12.83	15 ± 12.83	18 ± 12.83
			Jan-18	23.33 ± 12.83	22 ± 12.83	18.67 ± 12.83	18.33 ± 12.83
			May-18	22.33 ± 12.83	18 ± 12.83	32.67 ± 12.83	14 ± 12.83
Prismatolaimus	Pris	BF	Apr-17	7 ± 10.29	2.67 ± 10.29	2.33 ± 10.29	2.67 ± 10.29
			Jun-17	19 ± 10.29	28 ± 10.29	6 ± 10.29	12.33 ± 10.29
			Sep-17	28.33 ± 10.29	37.67 ± 10.29	20.67 ± 10.29	41.67 ± 10.29
			Nov-17	43.67 ± 10.29	37.33 ± 10.29	24.67 ± 10.29	13.67 ± 10.29
			Jan-18	24.67 ± 10.29^a	19.33 ± 10.29^a,b	6 ± 10.29^a,b	1 ± 10.29^b
			May-18	21.67 ± 10.29^a	30.67 ± 10.29^a,b	10 ± 10.29^a,b	1.67 ± 10.29^b
Pseudacrobeles	Pseu	BF	Apr-17	20 ± 5.28	22 ± 5.28	11.67 ± 5.28	11.33 ± 5.28
			Jun-17	18.67 ± 5.28	5.67 ± 5.28	6 ± 5.28	6.67 ± 5.28
			Sep-17	19.33 ± 5.28	8 ± 5.28	8.67 ± 5.28	1 ± 5.28
			Nov-17	15.67 ± 5.28	4.33 ± 5.28	10.33 ± 5.28	9.33 ± 5.28
			Jan-18	37.33 ± 5.28	2 ± 5.28	8.33 ± 5.28	12.33 ± 5.28
			May-18	14.67 ± 5.28	4 ± 5.28	2.67 ± 5.28	3 ± 5.28
Alaimus	Alai	BF	Apr-17	0 ± 8.85	0 ± 8.85	0 ± 8.85	0 ± 8.85
			Jun-17	10.33 ± 8.85	5.33 ± 8.85	6.33 ± 8.85	0 ± 8.85
			Sep-17	33.67 ± 8.85	13 ± 8.85	20 ± 8.85	16 ± 8.85
			Nov-17	31 ± 8.85	76.33 ± 8.85	44.33 ± 8.85	15.33 ± 8.85
			Jan-18	10 ± 8.85	8 ± 8.85	0.67 ± 8.85	3 ± 8.85
			May-18	24.33 ± 8.85^a	38 ± 8.85^a	6.67 ± 8.85^b	0 ± 8.85^b
Acrobeles	Acrb	BF	Apr-17	6.67 ± 7.02	2.67 ± 7.02	1.67 ± 7.02	1.33 ± 7.02
			Jun-17	1.67 ± 7.02	6.33 ± 7.02	5.67 ± 7.02	7.67 ± 7.02
			Sep-17	7.67 ± 7.02	12.33 ± 7.02	12.33 ± 7.02	2 ± 7.02
			Nov-17	21 ± 7.02	6 ± 7.02	12 ± 7.02	1 ± 7.02
			Jan-18	2.67 ± 7.02	16.67 ± 7.02	5.67 ± 7.02	0 ± 7.02
			May-18	32.67 ± 7.02^a	9.67 ± 7.02^b	5.67 ± 7.02^b	0 ± 7.02^b
Tylocephalus	Tylo	BF	Apr-17	16.67 ± 2.7	4.67 ± 2.7	9.67 ± 2.7	5 ± 2.7
			Jun-17	9.67 ± 2.7	7.67 ± 2.7	0.67 ± 2.7	6.33 ± 2.7
			Sep-17	5.67 ± 2.7	3.33 ± 2.7	1.33 ± 2.7	1 ± 2.7
			Nov-17	2.33 ± 2.7	1.33 ± 2.7	0 ± 2.7	3 ± 2.7
			Jan-18	9 ± 2.7	2.33 ± 2.7	0 ± 2.7	0.67 ± 2.7
			May-18	3.33 ± 2.7	0.67 ± 2.7	1 ± 2.7	0 ± 2.7
Ceratoplectus	Cera	BF	Apr-17	3 ± 2.79	2.67 ± 2.79	2.33 ± 2.79	1 ± 2.79
			Jun-17	5 ± 2.79	12.33 ± 2.79	7.33 ± 2.79	5.33 ± 2.79
			Sep-17	9.33 ± 2.79	5.33 ± 2.79	5 ± 2.79	1 ± 2.79
			Nov-17	8.33 ± 2.79	8.33 ± 2.79	1 ± 2.79	0 ± 2.79
			Jan-18	7 ± 2.79^a	1.33 ± 2.79^a,b	0 ± 2.79^b	0 ± 2.79^b
			May-18	15 ± 2.79^a	3.33 ± 2.79^a,b	1 ± 2.79^b	0 ± 2.79^b
Teratocephalus	Tera	BF	Apr-17	3 ± 2.62	1.67 ± 2.62	2.33 ± 2.62	0 ± 2.62
			Jun-17	0 ± 2.62	1.67 ± 2.62	0.67 ± 2.62	0 ± 2.62
			Sep-17	12.33 ± 2.62	7 ± 2.62	2.33 ± 2.62	2 ± 2.62
			Nov-17	3.33 ± 2.62	2.67 ± 2.62	0 ± 2.62	0 ± 2.62
			Jan-18	5.33 ± 2.62	2 ± 2.62	0.67 ± 2.62	0.67 ± 2.62
			May-18	1.33 ± 2.62	0 ± 2.62	0.67 ± 2.62	2.67 ± 2.62
Cervidellus	Cerv	BF	Apr-17	1 ± 1.61	0 ± 1.61	1 ± 1.61	1 ± 1.61
			Jun-17	0 ± 1.61	0 ± 1.61	0.67 ± 1.61	0.67 ± 1.61
			Sep-17	2.33 ± 1.61	3.33 ± 1.61	1 ± 1.61	3 ± 1.61
			Nov-17	1.67 ± 1.61	1 ± 1.61	1 ± 1.61	2.33 ± 1.61
			Jan-18	5.67 ± 1.61	1.33 ± 1.61	2 ± 1.61	1 ± 1.61
			May-18	5 ± 1.61	0.67 ± 1.61	3.33 ± 1.61	0 ± 1.61
Diplogasteridae	Dipl	BF	Apr-17	0 ± 1.21	0 ± 1.21	1.67 ± 1.21	0 ± 1.21
			Jun-17	1.67 ± 1.21	0 ± 1.21	0.67 ± 1.21	2.67 ± 1.21
			Sep-17	2.67 ± 1.21	3.67 ± 1.21	0 ± 1.21	0 ± 1.21
			Nov-17	1 ± 1.21	0 ± 1.21	1.67 ± 1.21	0 ± 1.21
			Jan-18	2.33 ± 1.21	0 ± 1.21	0.67 ± 1.21	0 ± 1.21
			May-18	2.33 ± 1.21	0 ± 1.21	0 ± 1.21	1 ± 1.21
Filenchus	File	FF	Apr-17	55.33 ± 26.02	52.33 ± 26.02	65.67 ± 26.02	113.67 ± 26.02
			Jun-17	158.67 ± 26.02	111.67 ± 26.02	75.67 ± 26.02	94.67 ± 26.02
			Sep-17	116.33 ± 26.02	196.33 ± 26.02	133 ± 26.02	123.33 ± 26.02
			Nov-17	106 ± 26.02	130.33 ± 26.02	142.67 ± 26.02	63.67 ± 26.02
			Jan-18	191.33 ± 26.02^a	156.67 ± 26.02^a,b	93.33 ± 26.02^b	88.33 ± 26.02^b
			May-18	130.67 ± 26.02^a	76.67 ± 26.02^a,b	49.33 ± 26.02^b	25 ± 26.02^b
Aphelenchoides	Aphe	FF	Apr-17	33.33 ± 9.81	26.67 ± 9.81	48.33 ± 9.81	27.67 ± 9.81
			Jun-17	29.33 ± 9.81	20.33 ± 9.81	12 ± 9.81	11.33 ± 9.81
			Sep-17	36 ± 9.81	48 ± 9.81	18 ± 9.81	16.67 ± 9.81
			Nov-17	17 ± 9.81	27 ± 9.81	16.33 ± 9.81	21.33 ± 9.81
			Jan-18	25.33 ± 9.81	9.33 ± 9.81	9.67 ± 9.81	16.33 ± 9.81
			May-18	15 ± 9.81	5.67 ± 9.81	23.33 ± 9.81	16.67 ± 9.81
Ditylenchus	Dity	FF	Apr-17	0 ± 5.13	0 ± 5.13	0 ± 5.13	0 ± 5.13
			Jun-17	16.67 ± 5.13	2.33 ± 5.13	5 ± 5.13	5 ± 5.13
			Sep-17	24.67 ± 5.13	4.33 ± 5.13	15.33 ± 5.13	13.33 ± 5.13
			Nov-17	21.33 ± 5.13	4.33 ± 5.13	10.67 ± 5.13	26.33 ± 5.13
			Jan-18	28 ± 5.13	9 ± 5.13	19.67 ± 5.13	13.67 ± 5.13
			May-18	24.33 ± 5.13	4.33 ± 5.13	9.67 ± 5.13	8.67 ± 5.13
Diphtherophora	Diph	FF	Apr-17	0 ± 3.54	0 ± 3.54	0 ± 3.54	0 ± 3.54
			Jun-17	13.33 ± 3.54	9 ± 3.54	0 ± 3.54	5 ± 3.54
			Sep-17	1.67 ± 3.54	8 ± 3.54	1.33 ± 3.54	3.67 ± 3.54
			Nov-17	6.67 ± 3.54	5 ± 3.54	4 ± 3.54	2 ± 3.54
			Jan-18	2.33 ± 3.54	1 ± 3.54	0 ± 3.54	0.67 ± 3.54
			May-18	2.67 ± 3.54	4.33 ± 3.54	0.67 ± 3.54	2.33 ± 3.54
Meloidogyne	Melo	PF	Apr-17	126.33 ± 31.95	191.33 ± 31.95	135 ± 31.95	104.33 ± 31.95
			Jun-17	165.33 ± 31.95	104.33 ± 31.95	46.33 ± 31.95	40.33 ± 31.95
			Sep-17	66.67 ± 31.95	97 ± 31.95	76 ± 31.95	33.67 ± 31.95
			Nov-17	47.33 ± 31.95	58.67 ± 31.95	51.67 ± 31.95	55 ± 31.95
			Jan-18	29.67 ± 31.95	42 ± 31.95	10.33 ± 31.95	16.33 ± 31.95
			May-18	135.33 ± 31.95	140.67 ± 31.95	190.67 ± 31.95	114.33 ± 31.95
Xenocriconemella	Xeno	PF	Apr-17	16 ± 26.89	8 ± 26.89	6.33 ± 26.89	29.33 ± 26.89
			Jun-17	29 ± 26.89	30.67 ± 26.89	9 ± 26.89	40.67 ± 26.89
			Sep-17	63.33 ± 26.89	41.67 ± 26.89	16 ± 26.89	92 ± 26.89
			Nov-17	95 ± 26.89	112 ± 26.89	38 ± 26.89	80.67 ± 26.89
			Jan-18	57.67 ± 26.89	108.67 ± 26.89	16.33 ± 26.89	93.67 ± 26.89
			May-18	18 ± 26.89	46.67 ± 26.89	10 ± 26.89	47.33 ± 26.89
Gracilacus	Grac	PF	Apr-17	11 ± 22.18	14 ± 22.18	8.67 ± 22.18	12.67 ± 22.18
			Jun-17	19.67 ± 22.18	13.67 ± 22.18	2 ± 22.18	12.67 ± 22.18
			Sep-17	24 ± 22.18	77 ± 22.18	17.33 ± 22.18	28.33 ± 22.18
			Nov-17	58.67 ± 22.18	64 ± 22.18	21.67 ± 22.18	72 ± 22.18
			Jan-18	49 ± 22.18	42.33 ± 22.18	11 ± 22.18	14.67 ± 22.18
			May-18	28.33 ± 22.18	4.33 ± 22.18	4.67 ± 22.18	3.67 ± 22.18
Helicotylenchus	Heli	PF	Apr-17	6.67 ± 18.12	7.67 ± 18.12	2.67 ± 18.12	1.33 ± 18.12
			Jun-17	20.67 ± 18.12	8.67 ± 18.12	2.33 ± 18.12	7.33 ± 18.12
			Sep-17	6.67 ± 18.12	74.67 ± 18.12	1 ± 18.12	2 ± 18.12
			Nov-17	56.67 ± 18.12	6 ± 18.12	1 ± 18.12	3 ± 18.12
			Jan-18	23.33 ± 18.12	2.33 ± 18.12	0.67 ± 18.12	1 ± 18.12
			May-18	22.33 ± 18.12	3.67 ± 18.12	0 ± 18.12	3.67 ± 18.12
Boleodorus	Bole	PF	Apr-17	0 ± 3.85	0 ± 3.85	0 ± 3.85	0 ± 3.85
			Jun-17	10 ± 3.85	10.67 ± 3.85	7.33 ± 3.85	6.67 ± 3.85
			Sep-17	13.33 ± 3.85	1 ± 3.85	10.33 ± 3.85	6 ± 3.85
			Nov-17	4 ± 3.85	14 ± 3.85	11.33 ± 3.85	1 ± 3.85
			Jan-18	6.33 ± 3.85	0 ± 3.85	0 ± 3.85	0 ± 3.85
			May-18	12.67 ± 3.85^a	3 ± 3.85^b	0 ± 3.85^b	0 ± 3.85^b
Ecphyadophora	Ecph	PF	Apr-17	1 ± 1.23	0 ± 1.23	0 ± 1.23	0 ± 1.23
			Jun-17	0 ± 1.23	3.33 ± 1.23	1.33 ± 1.23	0.67 ± 1.23
			Sep-17	5.33 ± 1.23	0 ± 1.23	0 ± 1.23	0 ± 1.23
			Nov-17	2.33 ± 1.23	1 ± 1.23	1 ± 1.23	1.67 ± 1.23
			Jan-18	6.67 ± 1.23	0 ± 1.23	3.33 ± 1.23	0 ± 1.23
			May-18	1.33 ± 1.23	0 ± 1.23	1.67 ± 1.23	1 ± 1.23
Clarkus	Clak	PR	Apr-17	0 ± 2.13	0.67 ± 2.13	3.67 ± 2.13	0 ± 2.13
			Jun-17	3 ± 2.13	2.33 ± 2.13	0.67 ± 2.13	0 ± 2.13
			Sep-17	2.67 ± 2.13	1.67 ± 2.13	4 ± 2.13	0 ± 2.13
			Nov-17	3.33 ± 2.13	6.67 ± 2.13	7.67 ± 2.13	3.67 ± 2.13
			Jan-18	3.33 ± 2.13	0 ± 2.13	1.33 ± 2.13	0 ± 2.13
			May-18	5.67 ± 2.13^a	1.67 ± 2.13^a,b	0 ± 2.13^b	0 ± 2.13^b
Tripyla	Trip	PR	Apr-17	0 ± 1.93	0 ± 1.93	0 ± 1.93	0 ± 1.93
			Jun-17	1.67 ± 1.93	1.33 ± 1.93	0.67 ± 1.93	0.67 ± 1.93
			Sep-17	3.67 ± 1.93	2.33 ± 1.93	0 ± 1.93	0 ± 1.93
			Nov-17	5 ± 1.93	5.33 ± 1.93	2 ± 1.93	0 ± 1.93
			Jan-18	0 ± 1.93	0 ± 1.93	0 ± 1.93	0 ± 1.93
			May-18	5 ± 1.93^a	2.33 ± 1.93^a,b	0 ± 1.93^b	0 ± 1.93^b
Dorylaimida	Dory	OM	Apr-17	3.67 ± 3.33	7.67 ± 3.33	0 ± 3.33	14.33 ± 3.33
			Jun-17	0 ± 3.33	0 ± 3.33	0.67 ± 3.33	0.67 ± 3.33
			Sep-17	3.33 ± 3.33	5.33 ± 3.33	4.33 ± 3.33	10.67 ± 3.33
			Nov-17	11.67 ± 3.33	13.67 ± 3.33	2.67 ± 3.33	5.33 ± 3.33
			Jan-18	2.33 ± 3.33	0 ± 3.33	0 ± 3.33	0 ± 3.33
			May-18	8.67 ± 3.33^a	7.33 ± 3.33^a,b	0 ± 3.33^b	0 ± 3.33^b
Aporcelaimellus	Apor	OM	Apr-17	0 ± 2	0.67 ± 2	0 ± 2	0 ± 2
			Jun-17	4.67 ± 2	2.33 ± 2	1.33 ± 2	1.33 ± 2
			Sep-17	3 ± 2	2.33 ± 2	3.67 ± 2	2 ± 2
			Nov-17	4 ± 2	7.33 ± 2	5.67 ± 2	3.67 ± 2
			Jan-18	4 ± 2	2.33 ± 2	2 ± 2	0 ± 2
			May-18	6 ± 2^a	1.67 ± 2^b	0 ± 2^b	0 ± 2^b

Nematode ecological indices in different treatments: control, SLR, R2M, and R2W at all sampling times. (mean ± pooled SE, n = 5).

Indices	Time	Control	SLR	R2M	R2W
λ	Apr-17	0.15 ± 0.03	0.2 ± 0.03	0.23 ± 0.03	0.2 ± 0.03
	Jun-17	0.16 ± 0.03	0.14 ± 0.03	0.12 ± 0.03	0.12 ± 0.03
	Sep-17	0.11 ± 0.03	0.14 ± 0.03	0.15 ± 0.03	0.15 ± 0.03
	Nov-17	0.1 ± 0.03	0.12 ± 0.03	0.14 ± 0.03	0.17 ± 0.03
	Jan-18	0.14 ± 0.03^a	0.19 ± 0.03^a,b	0.2 ± 0.03^a,b	0.27 ± 0.03^b
	May-18	0.11 ± 0.03^a	0.17 ± 0.03^a,b	0.26 ± 0.03^b	0.24 ± 0.03^b
H´	Apr-17	2.17 ± 0.14	1.99 ± 0.14	1.85 ± 0.14	1.89 ± 0.14
	Jun-17	2.19 ± 0.14	2.29 ± 0.14	1.83 ± 0.14	1.82 ± 0.14
	Sep-17	2.56 ± 0.14	2.28 ± 0.14	2.29 ± 0.14	2.24 ± 0.14
	Nov-17	2.65 ± 0.14	2.49 ± 0.14	2.37 ± 0.14	2.28 ± 0.14
	Jan-18	2.44 ± 0.14^a	2.07 ± 0.14^a,b	2.16 ± 0.14^a,b	1.84 ± 0.14^b
	May-18	2.63 ± 0.14^a	2.27 ± 0.14^a,b	1.88 ± 0.14^b	1.82 ± 0.14^b
NCR	Apr-17	0.72 ± 0.06	0.69 ± 0.06	0.69 ± 0.06	0.58 ± 0.06
	Jun-17	0.58 ± 0.06	0.57 ± 0.06	0.58 ± 0.06	0.55 ± 0.06
	Sep-17	0.61 ± 0.06	0.53 ± 0.06	0.56 ± 0.06	0.49 ± 0.06
	Nov-17	0.56 ± 0.06	0.57 ± 0.06	0.5 ± 0.06	0.46 ± 0.06
	Jan-18	0.43 ± 0.06	0.46 ± 0.06	0.36 ± 0.06	0.38 ± 0.06
	May-18	0.57 ± 0.06	0.64 ± 0.06	0.59 ± 0.06	0.48 ± 0.06
MI	Apr-17	1.78 ± 0.12	1.8 ± 0.14	1.65 ± 0.3	1.92 ± 0.29
	Jun-17	1.87 ± 0.28	2.02 ± 0.14	1.9 ± 0.2	1.89 ± 0.13
	Sep-17	2.01 ± 0.06	1.97 ± 0.09	2.02 ± 0.17	2.25 ± 0.13
	Nov-17	2.4 ± 0.35	2.56 ± 0.31	2.28 ± 0.12	2.31 ± 0.09
	Jan-18	2.12 ± 0.05^a	2.1 ± 0.11^a,b	2.05 ± 0.12^a,b	1.92 ± 0.07^b
	May-18	2.29 ± 0.16^a	2.53 ± 0.28^a	1.96 ± 0.08^b	1.84 ± 0.14^b
PPI	Apr-17	2.86 ± 0.08	2.88 ± 0.19	2.95 ± 0.05	2.92 ± 0.09
	Jun-17	2.87 ± 0.1	2.81 ± 0.09	2.85 ± 0.12	2.79 ± 0.18
	Sep-17	2.72 ± 0.1	2.77 ± 0.33	2.76 ± 0.05	2.8 ± 0.21
	Nov-17	2.75 ± 0.12	2.72 ± 0.08	2.61 ± 0.21	2.74 ± 0.36
	Jan-18	2.66 ± 0.24	2.81 ± 0.18	2.61 ± 0.07	2.86 ± 0.15
	May-18	2.76 ± 0.12	2.95 ± 0.04	2.96 ± 0.04	2.97 ± 0.05
BI	Apr-17	31.84 ± 3.48	28.58 ± 3.8	25.51 ± 7.97	31.75 ± 4.78
	Jun-17	26.42 ± 3.8	33.21 ± 3.33	30.42 ± 5.33	30.32 ± 5.23
	Sep-17	24.3 ± 3.48	28.84 ± 4.26	24.66 ± 3.71	29.98 ± 1.22
	Nov-17	27.25 ± 4.26	18.71 ± 1.24	24.36 ± 4.4	30.1 ± 1.72
	Jan-18	41.83 ± 1.14	39.89 ± 1.12	41.87 ± 1.95	40.39 ± 2.22
	May-18	31.21 ± 3.56	20.41 ± 3.99	35.71 ± 1.99	32.51 ± 0.24
EI	Apr-17	66.2 ± 4.03	68.84 ± 4.25	72.27 ± 9.51	60.4 ± 9.64
	Jun-17	68.42 ± 5.79	59.54 ± 2.15	64.4 ± 7.33	65.84 ± 5.59
	Sep-17	69.49 ± 3.31	65.51 ± 5.09	69.57 ± 2.54	55.23 ± 2.49
	Nov-17	52.55 ± 2.30	59.96 ± 5.13	63.86 ± 5.17	53.52 ± 3.57
	Jan-18	48.21 ± 1.01^a	50.34 ± 3.83^a,b	52.04 ± 1.82^a,b	57.65 ± 2.15^b
	May-18	52.87 ± 2.16^a	59.36 ± 3.97^a,b	58.99 ± 2.40^a,b	65.12 ± 1.81^b
SI	Apr-17	14.27 ± 1.35	22.25 ± 6.9	12.07 ± 4.79	25.55 ± 7.8
	Jun-17	31.28 ± 4.61	33.43 ± 9.58	29.57 ± 2.75	28.73 ± 4.57
	Sep-17	46.73 ± 6.6	37.35 ± 3.69	43.58 ± 11.27	51.35 ± 3.55
	Nov-17	57.72 ± 10.05	72.03 ± 3.67	58.43 ± 7.41	53.67 ± 1.65
	Jan-18	31.26 ± 2.8^a	30.91 ± 3.68^a	21.91 ± 6.05^a,b	10.53 ± 2.01^b
	May-18	51.8 ± 6.82^a	70.23 ± 6.86^a	25.76 ± 4.36^b	12.89 ± 8.01^b
CI	Apr-17	21.48 ± 4.74	22.72 ± 7.87	24.39 ± 9.93	38.52 ± 9.49
	Jun-17	31.69 ± 8.96	38.64 ± 2.75	38.6 ± 13.91	36.74 ± 12.31
	Sep-17	28.38 ± 5.15	37.83 ± 8.57	30.54 ± 2.23	59.49 ± 7.66
	Nov-17	56.33 ± 6.78	52.89 ± 10.04	45.06 ± 7.52	62.05 ± 7.36
	Jan-18	71.5 ± 3.06	65.09 ± 5.06	67.81 ± 3.87	55.13 ± 9.72
	May-18	48.61 ± 3.56	42.47 ± 8.40	37.76 ± 1.83	36.75 ± 2.08
efoot	Apr-17	169.74 ± 65	141.14 ± 39.47	260.54 ± 90.16	145.4 ± 72.04
	Jun-17	224.54 ± 68.32	88.81 ± 22.33	86.28 ± 28.13	96.08 ± 30.17
	Sep-17	206.41 ± 56.66	188.21 ± 53.38	144.31 ± 2.46	53.65 ± 16.03
	Nov-17	55 ± 13.95	75.96 ± 26.93	97.97 ± 28.81	39.16 ± 9.96
	Jan-18	49.85 ± 2.51	49.46 ± 15.85	31.49 ± 6.76	41.54 ± 6.38
	May-18	79.35 ± 16.03^a	53.59 ± 14.81^a,b	53.52 ± 4.22^a,b	34.6 ± 3.36^b
sfoot	Apr-17	9.18 ± 3.48	18.84 ± 10.55	3.97 ± 2.48	33.54 ± 14.29
	Jun-17	20.55 ± 6.99	15 ± 6.66	8.13 ± 0.89	9.7 ± 2.07
	Sep-17	31.39 ± 10.5	29.61 ± 8.07	27.88 ± 9.77	37.59 ± 11.4
	Nov-17	61.17 ± 14.29	79.08 ± 16.43	42.2 ± 10.49	31.76 ± 8.49
	Jan-18	24.22 ± 4.3^a	8.58 ± 2.8^a,b	6.69 ± 1.86^b	0.9 ± 0.2^b
	May-18	62.77 ± 21.42^a	43.13 ± 4.79^a	3.55 ± 0.76^b	0.79 ± 0.48^b

eISSN:: 2640-396X
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Increasing Levels of Physical Disturbance Affect Soil Nematode Community Composition in a Previously Undisturbed Ecosystem

Article Category: Research Paper

Publicado en línea: 20 jul 2022

Páginas: -

Recibido: 15 feb 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2022-0022

Palabras clave
abundance, c-p class, ecology, ecosystem, litter, physical disturbance, richness, tillage, trophic group

© 2022 Pothula et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Similarity percentage analysis of the nematode communities between treatments: control, surface litter removed (SLR), rototill for every two months (R2M), and rototill for every two weeks (R2W) at all sampling times.

Abundance and richness of nematode c-p classes per 100 cm3 of soil in different treatments: control, SLR, R2M, and R2W at all sampling times. (mean ± SE, n = 5).

Abundance and richness of nematode trophic groups per 100 cm3 of soil in different treatments: control, SLR, R2M, and R2W at all sampling times. (mean ± pooled SE, n = 5).

Abundance (individuals per 100 cm3 of soil) of nematode taxon in different treatments: control, SLR, R2M, and R2W at all sampling times. (mean ± pooled SE, n = 5).

Nematode ecological indices in different treatments: control, SLR, R2M, and R2W at all sampling times. (mean ± pooled SE, n = 5).

Increasing Levels of Physical Disturbance Affect Soil Nematode Community Composition in a Previously Undisturbed Ecosystem

Article Category: Research Paper

Publicado en línea: 20 jul 2022

Páginas: -

Recibido: 15 feb 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2022-0022

Palabras claveabundance, c-p class, ecology, ecosystem, litter, physical disturbance, richness, tillage, trophic group

© 2022 Pothula et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Similarity percentage analysis of the nematode communities between treatments: control, surface litter removed (SLR), rototill for every two months (R2M), and rototill for every two weeks (R2W) at all sampling times.

Abundance and richness of nematode c-p classes per 100 cm3 of soil in different treatments: control, SLR, R2M, and R2W at all sampling times. (mean ± SE, n = 5).

Abundance and richness of nematode trophic groups per 100 cm3 of soil in different treatments: control, SLR, R2M, and R2W at all sampling times. (mean ± pooled SE, n = 5).

Abundance (individuals per 100 cm3 of soil) of nematode taxon in different treatments: control, SLR, R2M, and R2W at all sampling times. (mean ± pooled SE, n = 5).

Nematode ecological indices in different treatments: control, SLR, R2M, and R2W at all sampling times. (mean ± pooled SE, n = 5).

Palabras clave
abundance, c-p class, ecology, ecosystem, litter, physical disturbance, richness, tillage, trophic group