[
Cabinet Office. (2022). Annual Report on the Aging Society. Tokyo: Government of Japan.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Central Council for Education. (2005). The Future of Higher Education in Japan. URL: https://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/shingi/chukyo/chukyo0/toushin/05013101.htm. (Accessed 29 April 2023)
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Deng, W. (2022). Operation Crisis of Private Universities in the Tokyo Bay Area: Based on the Relationship Among Universities, Government and the Japanese Economy. In Mok, K. H. (Eds.), Higher Education, Innovation and Entrepreneurship from Comparative Perspectives (1st ed). (pp. 59-80). Singapore: Splinger Singapore. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-8870-6_3
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Fukuyama, A. (2018). Location and Scale for Private University Management. The journal of management and policy in higher education, 8, 199-215. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51019/daikei.8.0_199
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Iwasaki, Y. (2004). Policy research for bankruptcy processing policy formulation of private universities. Doshisha University policy & management review, 6, 155-171. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14988/pa.2017.0000004790
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Kuroha, R. (1995). Japanese Higher Education Reform in 1990’s. Research in Academic Degrees, 3, 1-41.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Kusugi, K. (2012). Problems in Education With Which “Border-Free Universities” Are Faced: A Report Focusing on Deviant Behaviors in Class. Journal of higher education and research, Kagawa University, 9, 89-103.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Kusugi, K. (2013). Dealing With Troublesome Behaviors in the Classroom: A Report Focusing on Low-Prestige Universities. Journal of higher education and research, Kagawa University, 10, 51-61.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Kusugi, K. (2017). Faculty Awareness of Quality Assurance for Undergraduate Program at Low-prestige Universities. Research in higher education, 49, 53-68.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology. (2021). National Directories of Universities. URL: https://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/koutou/ichiran/mext_01856.html. (Accessed 29 April 2023).
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology. (2022). School Basic Survey. URL: https://www.estat.go.jp/stat-search/files?page=1&toukei=00400001&tstat=000001011528. (Accessed 29 April 2023).
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Morozumi, A. (2012). Financing Private Universities: Trends and Issues. Japanese journal of higher education research, 15, 93-113. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32116/jaher.15.0_93
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Murakami, A. (2015). Capacity Crack and Deviation Value. Okinawa University journal of law & economics, 23, 27-37.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Senoh, W. Higeta, T. (2011). Some characteristics of, and issues in higher education in Japan implied by the “rate of return to education.” Bulletin of the National Institute for Educational Research, 140, 249-263.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Shinoda, T. (2020a). Reality and Tasks of Budget System in View of Management Action in Private Universities. Journal of Toyama College, 56, 89-103.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Shinoda, T. (2020b). Managerial Behavior of Private Universities from the Financial Aspect. The Research Bulletin of the Department of University Management and Policy Studies, 10, 145-157.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Statistics Bureau of Japan. (2022). Result of the Population Estimates. URL: https://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/jinsui/2.htm. (Accessed 29 April 2023).
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Tamura, W., Minamino, K., Goto, Y., & Watanabe, Y. (2013). A System of Supporting Research Activities Considering Undergraduate Students with Multiple Problems in the Era of Easier Admissions. IPSJ SIG Technical Report, 2013-CLE-9(3), 1-6.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Terada, Y. (2019). Changes and Trends in Faculty Names in Post-war Japan. Bulletin of the Graduate School of Education, the University of Tokyo, 59, 417-426.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
The Promotion and Mutual Aid Corporation for Private Schools of Japan. (2022). Shiritsu Daigaku Tanki Daigaku To Nyugaku Shigan Doko (Application Trends of Private Universities/Junior Colleges). URL: https://www.shigaku.go.jp/s_center_d_shigandoukou.htm. (Accessed 29 April 2023)
]Search in Google Scholar
[
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. (2022). World Population Prospects 2022. New York: United Nations.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Yamada, H. (2009). The Significance and the Problems of Student Surveys at “Border-Free University.” Bulletin of the Graduate School of Education, 58, 27-35.
]Search in Google Scholar
