Daily nominal wage | Age | % female | % full time | % blue collars | % white collars | % middle managers | % industry | N. of employees | N. of firms | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||||||||
1990 | 49.92 | 26.20 | 36.32 | 11.00 | 0.30 | 0.96 | 0.64 | 0.32 | 0.64 | 674,316 | 263,731 | |
1991 | 51.53 | 25.64 | 36.38 | 10.97 | 0.30 | 0.95 | 0.64 | 0.33 | 0.63 | 683,562 | 267,286 | |
1992 | 54.58 | 28.09 | 36.52 | 10.92 | 0.30 | 0.95 | 0.63 | 0.33 | 0.63 | 683,060 | 269,335 | |
1993 | 56.64 | 28.77 | 36.70 | 10.79 | 0.31 | 0.94 | 0.63 | 0.34 | 0.61 | 656,778 | 261,026 | |
1994 | 58.39 | 29.77 | 36.74 | 10.69 | 0.31 | 0.93 | 0.62 | 0.34 | 0.60 | 648,803 | 257,610 | |
1995 | 60.17 | 30.64 | 36.60 | 10.57 | 0.32 | 0.92 | 0.63 | 0.34 | 0.60 | 654,221 | 259,404 | |
1996 | 62.02 | 31.46 | 36.62 | 10.52 | 0.32 | 0.91 | 0.63 | 0.32 | 0.02 | 0.59 | 665,853 | 264,966 |
1997 | 64.28 | 32.91 | 36.64 | 10.42 | 0.32 | 0.91 | 0.63 | 0.32 | 0.02 | 0.58 | 665,207 | 262,301 |
1998 | 65.77 | 34.01 | 36.78 | 10.41 | 0.33 | 0.90 | 0.62 | 0.32 | 0.02 | 0.58 | 677,306 | 266,600 |
1999 | 66.64 | 34.31 | 36.75 | 10.37 | 0.33 | 0.89 | 0.62 | 0.31 | 0.02 | 0.56 | 702,670 | 277,117 |
2000 | 67.97 | 35.53 | 36.87 | 10.34 | 0.33 | 0.89 | 0.61 | 0.31 | 0.02 | 0.55 | 747,457 | 292,300 |
2001 | 69.39 | 36.51 | 37.04 | 10.32 | 0.34 | 0.88 | 0.61 | 0.31 | 0.03 | 0.54 | 774,424 | 303,645 |
2002 | 70.60 | 37.15 | 37.04 | 10.28 | 0.33 | 0.87 | 0.62 | 0.30 | 0.03 | 0.53 | 810,678 | 324,062 |
2003 | 72.30 | 37.94 | 37.30 | 10.26 | 0.34 | 0.86 | 0.62 | 0.30 | 0.03 | 0.52 | 818,378 | 329,247 |
2004 | 74.65 | 39.02 | 37.56 | 10.22 | 0.34 | 0.85 | 0.61 | 0.30 | 0.03 | 0.51 | 826,770 | 336,332 |
2005 | 76.51 | 39.87 | 37.94 | 10.24 | 0.34 | 0.84 | 0.60 | 0.31 | 0.03 | 0.50 | 821,421 | 336,031 |
2006 | 78.71 | 40.91 | 38.24 | 10.27 | 0.35 | 0.83 | 0.60 | 0.31 | 0.03 | 0.49 | 835,521 | 341,087 |
2007 | 80.38 | 41.51 | 38.34 | 10.35 | 0.35 | 0.82 | 0.60 | 0.30 | 0.03 | 0.49 | 879,014 | 362,206 |
2008 | 84.25 | 44.03 | 38.56 | 10.39 | 0.35 | 0.81 | 0.60 | 0.30 | 0.03 | 0.48 | 895,650 | 369,088 |
2009 | 85.83 | 44.42 | 39.11 | 10.43 | 0.36 | 0.80 | 0.59 | 0.31 | 0.03 | 0.46 | 882,614 | 365,012 |
2010 | 87.71 | 45.55 | 39.41 | 10.48 | 0.36 | 0.79 | 0.59 | 0.31 | 0.03 | 0.45 | 877,436 | 362,978 |
2011 | 89.07 | 46.39 | 39.69 | 10.52 | 0.36 | 0.79 | 0.60 | 0.31 | 0.03 | 0.44 | 880,748 | 363,405 |
2012 | 90.33 | 46.92 | 40.04 | 10.58 | 0.37 | 0.77 | 0.60 | 0.31 | 0.03 | 0.43 | 871,845 | 362,267 |
2013 | 92.29 | 47.79 | 40.47 | 10.59 | 0.37 | 0.75 | 0.59 | 0.32 | 0.03 | 0.42 | 844,600 | 346,920 |
2014 | 92.98 | 48.05 | 40.88 | 10.68 | 0.37 | 0.74 | 0.59 | 0.32 | 0.03 | 0.41 | 835,498 | 338,086 |
2015 | 93.94 | 48.03 | 41.12 | 10.80 | 0.37 | 0.73 | 0.59 | 0.32 | 0.03 | 0.40 | 856,844 | 345,811 |
2016 | 94.22 | 48.00 | 41.31 | 10.95 | 0.36 | 0.72 | 0.59 | 0.32 | 0.03 | 0.40 | 869,931 | 346,633 |
Year | % of firms in industry | % of firms in manufacturing | wage Monthly per nominal employee | Firm size | N. of firms | N. of employees | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |||||
1990 | 0.49 | 0.32 | 1,102 | 457 | 7.96 | 182.28 | 1,116,988 | 8,886,276 |
1991 | 0.48 | 0.32 | 1,217 | 495 | 7.96 | 181.01 | 1,120,616 | 8,921,224 |
1992 | 0.48 | 0.31 | 1,288 | 539 | 7.86 | 188.06 | 1,122,465 | 8,823,486 |
1993 | 0.47 | 0.31 | 1,334 | 556 | 7.8 | 184.21 | 1,084,613 | 8,462,596 |
1994 | 0.47 | 0.31 | 1,382 | 579 | 7.83 | 180.24 | 1,059,330 | 8,297,098 |
1995 | 0.47 | 0.30 | 1,441 | 620 | 7.87 | 179.07 | 1,063,816 | 8,370,518 |
1996 | 0.47 | 0.30 | 1,492 | 646 | 7.94 | 172.87 | 1,069,946 | 8,494,919 |
1997 | 0.46 | 0.30 | 1,550 | 670 | 7.96 | 163.06 | 1,058,114 | 8,422,835 |
1998 | 0.46 | 0.29 | 1,580 | 697 | 7.97 | 156.18 | 1,082,870 | 8,627,422 |
1999 | 0.45 | 0.28 | 1,595 | 711 | 7.86 | 138.33 | 1,136,160 | 8,931,878 |
2000 | 0.44 | 0.27 | 1,637 | 766 | 7.97 | 139.11 | 1,181,331 | 9,411,951 |
2001 | 0.44 | 0.27 | 1,675 | 821 | 7.98 | 140.12 | 1,222,381 | 9,748,518 |
2002 | 0.44 | 0.26 | 1,693 | 788 | 7.73 | 133.23 | 1,293,289 | 9,993,794 |
2003 | 0.44 | 0.25 | 1,728 | 819 | 7.7 | 129.98 | 1,325,116 | 10,208,096 |
2004 | 0.43 | 0.24 | 1,765 | 837 | 7.59 | 127.86 | 1,369,570 | 10,388,312 |
2005 | 0.42 | 0.24 | 1,816 | 892 | 7.56 | 128.7 | 1,380,839 | 10,444,820 |
2006 | 0.42 | 0.23 | 1,872 | 938 | 7.55 | 131.95 | 1,403,808 | 10,592,187 |
2007 | 0.42 | 0.22 | 1,898 | 994 | 7.53 | 133.46 | 1,474,112 | 11,105,779 |
2008 | 0.41 | 0.22 | 1,973 | 1,030 | 7.57 | 128.97 | 1,496,808 | 11,335,465 |
2009 | 0.40 | 0.22 | 1,975 | 1,006 | 7.48 | 146.85 | 1,478,607 | 11,056,102 |
2010 | 0.39 | 0.21 | 2,031 | 1,061 | 7.43 | 169.79 | 1,471,727 | 10,941,586 |
2011 | 0.38 | 0.21 | 2,068 | 1,070 | 7.46 | 165.14 | 1,467,731 | 10,943,035 |
2012 | 0.37 | 0.21 | 2,073 | 1,086 | 7.35 | 167.58 | 1,468,616 | 10,790,006 |
2013 | 0.36 | 0.21 | 2,100 | 1,140 | 7.46 | 169.2 | 1,415,186 | 10,556,232 |
2014 | 0.36 | 0.21 | 2,128 | 1,149 | 7.61 | 174.12 | 1,371,093 | 10,440,510 |
2015 | 0.35 | 0.20 | 2,156 | 1,175 | 7.59 | 174.64 | 1,392,761 | 10,565,555 |
Dep var: | Delta OP share | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | |
%Δ (productivity) | 0.047** (0.021) | 0.040* (0.021) | ||
%Δ (productivity) | –0.017 (0.030) | –0.008 (0.029) | ||
*post 2009 | ||||
Herfindahl index | –0.194* (0.112) | –0.346* (0.224) | ||
Herfindahl index | –0.061 (0.153) | –0.204* (0.125) | ||
*post 2009 | ||||
%Δ (employment) | –0.005*** (0.000) | –0.038 (0.043) | ||
%Δ (employment) | 0.068 (0.052) | 0.113* (0.070) | ||
*post 2009 | ||||
No observations | 812 | 1,392 | 1,392 | 812 |
Sector FE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Year FE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Private Sector | Manufacturing | Private Services | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Years | Wage growth | Counterfactual wage growth | Fraction due to OP term | Wage growth | Counterfactual wage growth | Fraction due to OP term | Wage growth | Counterfactual wage growth | Fraction due to OP term |
Wages (%) | |||||||||
2002–2015 | 27.3 | 19.2 | 29.7 | 41.6 | 28.8 | 30.8 | 17.6 | 12.7 | 27.7 |
2004–2015 | 22.2 | 15.1 | 31.8 | 33.3 | 22.9 | 31.1 | 14.5 | 9.6 | 33.9 |
2004–2008 | 11.8 | 8.9 | 24.7 | 15.1 | 10.8 | 28.3 | 9.9 | 7.2 | 26.6 |
2008–2015 | 9.3 | 5.7 | 38.4 | 15.8 | 10.9 | 31.0 | 4.2 | 2.2 | 48.7 |
Wages net of differences in firm occupation structure across firms (%) | |||||||||
2002–2015 | 68.0 | 49.2 | 27.6 | 89.1 | 64.1 | 28.1 | 58.8 | 41.5 | 29.4 |
2004–2015 | 70.5 | 53.4 | 24.3 | 88.8 | 67.2 | 24.3 | 62.8 | 46.5 | 26.0 |
2004–2008 | 28.5 | 22.7 | 20.3 | 34.3 | 26.7 | 22.2 | 25.5 | 19.5 | 23.7 |
2008–2015 | 32.7 | 25.0 | 23.6 | 40.6 | 32.0 | 21.1 | 29.7 | 22.6 | 23.9 |
Year 2007 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All firms | ||||||
ln( | ln( | ln(VA/ | ln( | ln( | ln(VA/ | |
ln( | 29.8% | 13.7% | ||||
ln(VA/ | -4.5% | 51.2% | 11.8% | 79.6% | ||
ln(LC) | 19.4% | 77.4% | 61.8% | 12.9% | 90.6% | 80.8% |