Acceso abierto

Long-term evolution of the subsidiary’s role: a qualitative perspective on a subsidiary located in Poland1


Cite

Achcaoucaou, F., Miravitlles, P., Leon-Darder, F. (2014), Knowledge sharing and subsidiary R&D mandate development: a matter of dual embeddedness, International Business Review, Vol. 23, pp. 76–90.AchcaoucaouF.MiravitllesP.Leon-DarderF.2014Knowledge sharing and subsidiary R&D mandate development: a matter of dual embeddednessInternational Business Review23769010.1016/j.ibusrev.2013.08.006Search in Google Scholar

Ambos, T.C., Andersson, U., Birkinshaw, J.M. (2010), What are the consequences of initiative-taking in multinational subsidiaries? Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 41, pp. 1099–1118.AmbosT.C.AnderssonU.BirkinshawJ.M.2010What are the consequences of initiative-taking in multinational subsidiaries?Journal of International Business Studies411099111810.1057/jibs.2010.19Search in Google Scholar

Amit, R., Schoemaker, P. (1993), Strategic assets and organizational rents, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 14, pp. 33–46.AmitR.SchoemakerP.1993Strategic assets and organizational rentsStrategic Management Journal14334610.1002/smj.4250140105Search in Google Scholar

Andersson, U., Forsgren, M. (2000), In search of centre of excellence: network embeddedness and subsidiary roles in multinational corporations, Management International Review, Vol. 40, pp. 329–350.AnderssonU.ForsgrenM.2000In search of centre of excellence: network embeddedness and subsidiary roles in multinational corporationsManagement International Review40329350Search in Google Scholar

Andersson, U., Forsgren, M., Holm, U. (2007), Balancing subsidiary influence in the federative MNC: a business network view, Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 38, pp. 802–818.AnderssonU.ForsgrenM.HolmU.2007Balancing subsidiary influence in the federative MNC: a business network viewJournal of International Business Studies3880281810.1057/9781137508829_16Search in Google Scholar

Barney, J. (1991), Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage, Journal of Management, Vol. 17, pp. 99–120.BarneyJ.1991Firm resources and sustained competitive advantageJournal of Management179912010.1016/S0742-3322(00)17018-4Search in Google Scholar

Barney, J.B. (2002), Gaining and sustaining competitive advantage, Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.BarneyJ.B.2002Gaining and sustaining competitive advantagePrentice-Hall, Upper Saddle RiverNJSearch in Google Scholar

Barney, J.B., Clark, D.N. (2009), Resource-based theory. creating and sustaining competitive advantage, Oxford University Press, Oxford.BarneyJ.B.ClarkD.N.2009Resource-based theory. creating and sustaining competitive advantageOxford University PressOxfordSearch in Google Scholar

Benito, G.R.G., Grøgaard, B., Narula, R. (2003), Environmental influences on MNE subsidiary roles: economic integration and the Nordic countries, Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 34, pp. 443–456.BenitoG.R.G.GrøgaardB.NarulaR.2003Environmental influences on MNE subsidiary roles: economic integration and the Nordic countriesJournal of International Business Studies3444345610.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400047Search in Google Scholar

Benito, G.R.G., Narula, R. (2007), Multinationals on the periphery, Palgrave, London.BenitoG.R.G.NarulaR.2007Multinationals on the peripheryPalgraveLondon10.1057/9780230593046Search in Google Scholar

Birkinshaw, J. (1997), Entrepreneurship in multinational corporations: the characteristics of subsidiary initiatives, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 18, pp. 207–229.BirkinshawJ.1997Entrepreneurship in multinational corporations: the characteristics of subsidiary initiativesStrategic Management Journal1820722910.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199703)18:3<207::AID-SMJ864>3.0.CO;2-QSearch in Google Scholar

Birkinshaw, J., Hood, N. (1998), Multinational subsidiary evolution: capability and charter change in foreign-owned subsidiary companies, Academy of Management Review, Vol. 23, pp. 773–795.BirkinshawJ.HoodN.1998Multinational subsidiary evolution: capability and charter change in foreign-owned subsidiary companiesAcademy of Management Review2377379510.5465/amr.1998.1255638Search in Google Scholar

Birkinshaw, J., Hood, N., Jonsson, S. (1998), Building firm-specific advantages in multinational corporations: the role of subsidiary initiative, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 19, pp. 221–241.BirkinshawJ.HoodN.JonssonS.1998Building firm-specific advantages in multinational corporations: the role of subsidiary initiativeStrategic Management Journal1922124110.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199803)19:3<221::AID-SMJ948>3.0.CO;2-PSearch in Google Scholar

Birkinshaw, J., Toulan, O., Arnold, D. (2001), Global account management in multinational corporations: theory and evidence, Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 32, pp. 231–248.BirkinshawJ.ToulanO.ArnoldD.2001Global account management in multinational corporations: theory and evidenceJournal of International Business Studies3223124810.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490950Search in Google Scholar

Birkinshaw, J.M., Hood, S. (1997), An empirical study of development processes in foreign owned subsidiaries in Canada and Scotland, Management International Review, Vol. 37, pp. 339–364.BirkinshawJ.M.HoodS.1997An empirical study of development processes in foreign owned subsidiaries in Canada and ScotlandManagement International Review37339364Search in Google Scholar

Boehe, D.M. (2008), Product development in emerging market subsidiaries – the influence of autonomy and internal markets on subsidiary roles, International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management, Vol. 5, pp. 29–53.BoeheD.M.2008Product development in emerging market subsidiaries – the influence of autonomy and internal markets on subsidiary rolesInternational Journal of Innovation and Technology Management5295310.1142/S021987700800128XSearch in Google Scholar

Burger, A., Jindra, B., Marek, P., Rojec, M. (2018), Functional upgrading and value capture of multinational subsidiaries, Journal of International Management, Vol. 24, pp. 108–122.BurgerA.JindraB.MarekP.RojecM.2018Functional upgrading and value capture of multinational subsidiariesJournal of International Management2410812210.1016/j.intman.2017.09.004Search in Google Scholar

Cantwell, J., Mudambi, R. (2005), MNE competence-creating subsidiary mandates, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 26, pp. 1109–1128.CantwellJ.MudambiR.2005MNE competence-creating subsidiary mandatesStrategic Management Journal261109112810.1002/smj.497Search in Google Scholar

Crookell, H.H. (1986), Specialization and international competitiveness, in: H. Etemad, L. Seguin-Dulude, (Eds), Managing the multinational subsidiary, Croom Helm, London, pp. 102–111.CrookellH.H.1986Specialization and international competitivenessin:EtemadH.Seguin-DuludeL.(Eds),Managing the multinational subsidiaryCroom HelmLondon102111Search in Google Scholar

Cyrson, E. (2002), Nowy paradygmat strategii konkurencji, in: E. Skawińska, (Ed), Konkurencyjność przedsiębiorstw: nowe podejście, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa.CyrsonE.2002Nowy paradygmat strategii konkurencjiin:SkawińskaE.(Ed),Konkurencyjność przedsiębiorstw: nowe podejścieWydawnictwo Naukowe PWNWarszawaSearch in Google Scholar

D’Cruz, J.R. (1986), Strategic management of subsidiaries, in: H. Etemad, L. Dulude, (Eds), Managing the multinational subsidiary, St. Martin’s Press, New York, pp. 75–89.D’CruzJ.R.1986Strategic management of subsidiariesin:EtemadH.DuludeL.(Eds),Managing the multinational subsidiarySt. Martin’s PressNew York758910.4324/9781351189194-5Search in Google Scholar

Delany, E. (1998), Strategic development of multinational subsidiaries in Ireland, in: J. Birkinshaw, N. Hood, (Eds), Multinational corporate evolution and subsidiary development, Macmillan, London, pp. 239–267.DelanyE.1998Strategic development of multinational subsidiaries in Irelandin:BirkinshawJ.HoodN.(Eds),Multinational corporate evolution and subsidiary developmentMacmillanLondon23926710.1007/978-1-349-26467-4_10Search in Google Scholar

Delany, E. (2000), Strategic development of the multinational subsidiary through subsidiary initiative-taking, Long Range Planning, Vol. 33, pp. 220–244.DelanyE.2000Strategic development of the multinational subsidiary through subsidiary initiative-takingLong Range Planning3322024410.1016/S0024-6301(00)00029-7Search in Google Scholar

Dörrenbächer, Ch., Gammelgaard, J. (2006), Subsidiary role development: the effect of micro-political headquarters–subsidiary negotiations on the product, market and value-added scope of foreign-owned subsidiaries, Journal of International Management, Vol. 12, pp. 266–283.DörrenbächerCh.GammelgaardJ.2006Subsidiary role development: the effect of micro-political headquarters–subsidiary negotiations on the product, market and value-added scope of foreign-owned subsidiariesJournal of International Management1226628310.1016/j.intman.2006.06.001Search in Google Scholar

Drogendijk, R., Andersson, U. (2013), Relationship development in Greenfield expansions, International Business Review, Vol. 22, pp. 381–391.DrogendijkR.AnderssonU.2013Relationship development in Greenfield expansionsInternational Business Review2238139110.1016/j.ibusrev.2012.05.004Search in Google Scholar

Dunning, J.H., Robson, P. (1988), Multinationals and the European community, Basil Blackwell, Oxford.DunningJ.H.RobsonP.1988Multinationals and the European communityBasil BlackwellOxfordSearch in Google Scholar

Dzikowska, M., Gorynia, M., Trapczynski, P. (2017), Towards a strategic shift? On the evolution of Poland’s position in the global economy in 2003–2012, Managing Global Transitions, Vol. 15, pp. 145–168.DzikowskaM.GoryniaM.TrapczynskiP.2017Towards a strategic shift? On the evolution of Poland’s position in the global economy in 2003–2012Managing Global Transitions1514516810.26493/1854-6935.15.145-168Search in Google Scholar

Eckert, S., Rossmeissl, F. (2007), Local heroes, regional champions or global mandates? Empirical evidence on the dynamics of German MNC subsidiary roles in Central Europe, Journal of East-West Business, Vol. 13, pp. 191–218.EckertS.RossmeisslF.2007Local heroes, regional champions or global mandates? Empirical evidence on the dynamics of German MNC subsidiary roles in Central EuropeJournal of East-West Business1319121810.1300/J097v13n02_05Search in Google Scholar

Eisenhardt, K.E., Graebner, M.E. (2007), Theory building from cases: opportunities and challenges, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 50, pp. 25–32.EisenhardtK.E.GraebnerM.E.2007Theory building from cases: opportunities and challengesAcademy of Management Journal50253210.5465/amj.2007.24160888Search in Google Scholar

Fidrmuc, J., Tichit, A. (2009), Mind the break! Accounting for changing patterns of growth during transition, Economic Systems, Vol. 33, pp. 138–154.FidrmucJ.TichitA.2009Mind the break! Accounting for changing patterns of growth during transitionEconomic Systems3313815410.1016/j.ecosys.2009.02.002Search in Google Scholar

Filippaios, F., Papanastassiou, M. (2008), US outward foreign direct investment in the European Union and the implementation of the single market: empirical evidence from a cohesive framework, Journal of Common Market Studies, Vol. 46, pp. 969–1000.FilippaiosF.PapanastassiouM.2008US outward foreign direct investment in the European Union and the implementation of the single market: empirical evidence from a cohesive frameworkJournal of Common Market Studies46969100010.1111/j.1468-5965.2008.00826.xSearch in Google Scholar

Filippov, S., Duysters, G. (2012), Evolving subsidiary roles and regional economic integration in Europe, Transformations in Business & Economics, Vol. 11, pp. 35–53.FilippovS.DuystersG.2012Evolving subsidiary roles and regional economic integration in EuropeTransformations in Business & Economics113553Search in Google Scholar

Ford, S., Strange, R. (1999), Where do Japanese manufacturing firms invest within Europe, and why? Transnational Corporations, Vol. 8, pp. 117–142.FordS.StrangeR.1999Where do Japanese manufacturing firms invest within Europe, and why?Transnational Corporations8117142Search in Google Scholar

Gabrisch, H., Hölscher, J. (2006), The successes and failures of economic transition – the European experience, Palgrave Macmillan, Houndmills.GabrischH.HölscherJ.2006The successes and failures of economic transition – the European experiencePalgrave MacmillanHoundmills10.1057/9780230626584Search in Google Scholar

Ghoshal, S., Nohria, N., (1997), The differentiated network—organizing multinational corporations for value creation, Jossey-Bass Publishers, San Francisco.GhoshalS.NohriaN.1997The differentiated network—organizing multinational corporations for value creationJossey-Bass PublishersSan FranciscoSearch in Google Scholar

Gorynia, M. (2014), Ewolucja pozycji gospodarki polskiej w gospodarce globalnej i w gospodarce Unii Europejskiej, in: M. Gorynia, S. Rudolf, (Eds), Polska w Unii Europejskiej i globalnej gospodarce, Polskie Towarzystwo Ekonomiczne, Warsaw.GoryniaM.2014Ewolucja pozycji gospodarki polskiej w gospodarce globalnej i w gospodarce Unii Europejskiejin:GoryniaM.RudolfS.(Eds),Polska w Unii Europejskiej i globalnej gospodarcePolskie Towarzystwo EkonomiczneWarsawSearch in Google Scholar

GUS. (2012, 2015), Rocznik statystyczny, GUS, Warszawa.GUS2012, 2015Rocznik statystycznyGUSWarszawaSearch in Google Scholar

Hedlund, G., Rolander, D. (1990), Action in heterarchies – new approaches to managing the MNC, in: C. Bartlett, Y. Doz, G. Hedlund, (Eds), Managing the global firm, Routledge, London, pp. 15–46.HedlundG.RolanderD.1990Action in heterarchies – new approaches to managing the MNCin:BartlettC.DozY.HedlundG.(Eds),Managing the global firmRoutledgeLondon1546Search in Google Scholar

Hood, N., Young, S., Lai, D. (1994), Strategic evolution within Japanese manufacturing plants in Europe: UK evidence, International Business Review, Vol. 3, pp. 97–122.HoodN.YoungS.LaiD.1994Strategic evolution within Japanese manufacturing plants in Europe: UK evidenceInternational Business Review39712210.1016/0969-5931(94)90018-3Search in Google Scholar

Jarillo, J.C., Martinez, J.I. (1990), Different roles for subsidiaries: the case of multinational corporations in Spain, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 11, pp. 501–512.JarilloJ.C.MartinezJ.I.1990Different roles for subsidiaries: the case of multinational corporations in SpainStrategic Management Journal1150151210.1002/smj.4250110702Search in Google Scholar

Jensen, P., Pedersen, T. (2011), The economic geography of offshoring: the fit between activities and local context, Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 48, pp. 352–372.JensenP.PedersenT.2011The economic geography of offshoring: the fit between activities and local contextJournal of Management Studies4835237210.1111/j.1467-6486.2010.00967.xSearch in Google Scholar

Jindra, B., Giroud, A., Scott-Kennel, J. (2009), Subsidiary roles, vertical linkages and economic development: lessons from transition economies, Journal of World Business, Vol. 44, pp. 167–179.JindraB.GiroudA.Scott-KennelJ.2009Subsidiary roles, vertical linkages and economic development: lessons from transition economiesJournal of World Business4416717910.1016/j.jwb.2008.05.006Search in Google Scholar

Kindleberger, C. (1966), European integration and the international corporation, Columbia Journal of World Business, Vol. 1, pp. 65–73.KindlebergerC.1966European integration and the international corporationColumbia Journal of World Business16573Search in Google Scholar

Manolopoulos, D., Papanastassiou, M., Pearce, R. (2005), Technology sourcing in multinational enterprises and the roles of subsidiaries: an empirical investigation, International Business Review, Vol. 14, pp. 249–267.ManolopoulosD.PapanastassiouM.PearceR.2005Technology sourcing in multinational enterprises and the roles of subsidiaries: an empirical investigationInternational Business Review1424926710.1057/9780230250482_4Search in Google Scholar

Mudambi, R., Navarra, P. (2004), Is knowledge power? Knowledge flows, subsidiary power and rent-seeking within MNCs, Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 35, pp. 385–406.MudambiR.NavarraP.2004Is knowledge power? Knowledge flows, subsidiary power and rent-seeking within MNCsJournal of International Business Studies3538540610.1007/978-1-137-54471-1_7Search in Google Scholar

OECD. (2005), Measuring globalisation. OECD economic globalisation indicators 2005, OECD, Paris.OECD2005Measuring globalisation. OECD economic globalisation indicators 2005OECDParisSearch in Google Scholar

OECD. (2010), Measuring globalisation. OECD economic globalisation indicators 2010, OECD, Paris.OECD2010Measuring globalisation. OECD economic globalisation indicators 2010OECDParisSearch in Google Scholar

PAIiIZ. (2012), Klimat inwestycyjny w Polsce, PAIiIZ, Warszawa.PAIiIZ2012Klimat inwestycyjny w PolscePAIiIZWarszawaSearch in Google Scholar

Pearce, R. (1999), The evolution of technology in multinational enterprises: the role of creative subsidiaries, International Business Review, Vol. 8, pp. 125–148.PearceR.1999The evolution of technology in multinational enterprises: the role of creative subsidiariesInternational Business Review812514810.1016/S0969-5931(98)00042-0Search in Google Scholar

Penrose, E.T. (1959), The theory of the growth of the firm, Blackwell, Oxford.PenroseE.T.1959The theory of the growth of the firmBlackwellOxfordSearch in Google Scholar

Piekkari, R., Welch, C., Paavilainen, E. (2009), The case study as disciplinary convention: evidence from international business journals, Organizational Research Methods, Vol. 12, pp. 567–589.PiekkariR.WelchC.PaavilainenE.2009The case study as disciplinary convention: evidence from international business journalsOrganizational Research Methods1256758910.1177/1094428108319905Search in Google Scholar

Prahalad, C.K., Doz, Y.L. (1981), An approach to strategic control in MNCs’, Sloan Management Review, Vol. 22, pp. 5–13.PrahaladC.K.DozY.L.1981An approach to strategic control in MNCs’Sloan Management Review2251310.4324/9781315199689-16Search in Google Scholar

Prahalad, C.K., Hamel, G. (1990), The core competence of the corporation, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 68, pp. 79–91.PrahaladC.K.HamelG.1990The core competence of the corporationHarvard Business Review687991Search in Google Scholar

Ragin, Ch.C., Becker, H.S. (Eds) (1992), What is a case? Exploring the foundations of social inquiry, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.RaginCh.C.BeckerH.S.(Eds)1992What is a case? Exploring the foundations of social inquiryCambridge University PressCambridgeSearch in Google Scholar

Rugman, A., Verbeke, A. (2001), Subsidiary-specific advantages in multinational enterprises, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 22, pp. 237–250.RugmanA.VerbekeA.2001Subsidiary-specific advantages in multinational enterprisesStrategic Management Journal2223725010.1002/smj.153Search in Google Scholar

Rugman, A., Verbeke, A., Yuan, W. (2011), Re-conceptualizing Bartlett and Ghoshal’s classification of national subsidiary roles in the multinational enterprise, Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 48, pp. 253–277.RugmanA.VerbekeA.YuanW.2011Re-conceptualizing Bartlett and Ghoshal’s classification of national subsidiary roles in the multinational enterpriseJournal of Management Studies4825327710.1111/j.1467-6486.2010.00969.xSearch in Google Scholar

Salgado, O. (2011), Barriers to the accomplishment of a subsidiary’s strategic role: how location and corporate networks influence subsidiary performance, RAC, Vol. 15, pp. 261–282.SalgadoO.2011Barriers to the accomplishment of a subsidiary’s strategic role: how location and corporate networks influence subsidiary performanceRAC1526128210.1590/S1415-65552011000200007Search in Google Scholar

Sass, M., Szalavetz, A., (2013), Crisis and upgrading: the case of the Hungarian automotive and electronics sectors, Europe-Asia Studies, Vol. 65, pp. 489–507.SassM.SzalavetzA.2013Crisis and upgrading: the case of the Hungarian automotive and electronics sectorsEurope-Asia Studies6548950710.1080/09668136.2013.779463Search in Google Scholar

Spanos, Y.E., Lioukas, S. (2001), An examination into the causal logic of rent generation: contrasting Porter’s competitive strategy framework and the resource-based perspective, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 22, pp. 907–934.SpanosY.E.LioukasS.2001An examination into the causal logic of rent generation: contrasting Porter’s competitive strategy framework and the resource-based perspectiveStrategic Management Journal2290793410.1002/smj.174Search in Google Scholar

Strauss, A., Corbin, J. (1998), Basics of qualitative research: techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory, Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA.StraussA.CorbinJ.1998Basics of qualitative research: techniques and procedures for developing grounded theorySageThousand Oaks, CASearch in Google Scholar

Szalavetz, A. (2018), Impact of greening on the upgrading of manufacturing subsidiaries’ technological capabilities – a Hungarian perspective, Journal for East European Management Studies, Vol. 23, pp. 426–446.SzalavetzA.2018Impact of greening on the upgrading of manufacturing subsidiaries’ technological capabilities – a Hungarian perspectiveJournal for East European Management Studies2342644610.5771/0949-6181-2018-3-426Search in Google Scholar

Taggart, J.H. (1997), Autonomy and procedural justice: a framework for evaluating subsidiary strategy, Journal of International Business Strategies, Vol. 28, pp. 51–76.TaggartJ.H.1997Autonomy and procedural justice: a framework for evaluating subsidiary strategyJournal of International Business Strategies28517610.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490093Search in Google Scholar

Taggart, J.H. (1999), US MNC subsidiaries in the UK: characteristics and strategic role, in: F. Burton, M. Chapman, A. Cross, (Eds), International Business Organization, MacMillan Press Ltd., Houndmills, pp. 29–46.TaggartJ.H.1999US MNC subsidiaries in the UK: characteristics and strategic rolein:BurtonF.ChapmanM.CrossA.(Eds),International Business OrganizationMacMillan Press Ltd.Houndmills294610.1057/9780230377851_4Search in Google Scholar

Tippmann, E., Scott, P.S., Reilly, M., O’Brien, D. (2018), Subsidiary coopetition competence: navigating subsidiary evolution in the multinational corporation, Journal of World Business, Vol. 53, pp, 540–554.TippmannE.ScottP.S.ReillyM.O’BrienD.2018Subsidiary coopetition competence: navigating subsidiary evolution in the multinational corporationJournal of World Business5354055410.1016/j.jwb.2018.02.006Search in Google Scholar

Tsai, M.-T., Yu, M.-Ch., Lee, K.-W. (2006), Relationships between subsidiary strategic roles and organizational configuration: the case of Taiwanese multinational companies, International Journal of Commerce & Management, Vol. 16, pp. 3–14.TsaiM.-T.YuM.-Ch.LeeK.-W.2006Relationships between subsidiary strategic roles and organizational configuration: the case of Taiwanese multinational companiesInternational Journal of Commerce & Management1631410.1108/10569210680000203Search in Google Scholar

Welch, C., Piekkari, R., Plakoyiannak, E., Paavilainen-Mäntymäki, E. (2011), Theorising from case studies: Towards a pluralist future for international business research, Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 42, pp. 740–762.WelchC.PiekkariR.PlakoyiannakE.Paavilainen-MäntymäkiE.2011Theorising from case studies: Towards a pluralist future for international business researchJournal of International Business Studies4274076210.1007/978-3-030-22113-3_9Search in Google Scholar

Wernerfelt, B. (1984), A resource-based view of the firm, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 5, pp. 171–180.WernerfeltB.1984A resource-based view of the firmStrategic Management Journal517118010.1002/smj.4250050207Search in Google Scholar

Wernerfelt, B. (1995), The resource-based view of the firm: ten years after, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 16, pp. 171–174.WernerfeltB.1995The resource-based view of the firm: ten years afterStrategic Management Journal1617117410.1002/smj.4250160303Search in Google Scholar

White, R.E., Poynter, T.A. (1984), Strategies for foreign-owned subsidiaries in Canada, Business Quarterly, Vol. 49, 59–69.WhiteR.E.PoynterT.A.1984Strategies for foreign-owned subsidiaries in CanadaBusiness Quarterly495969Search in Google Scholar

Williams, D. (1998), The development of foreign-owned manufacturing subsidiaries: some empirical evidence, European Business Review, Vol. 98, pp. 282–286.WilliamsD.1998The development of foreign-owned manufacturing subsidiaries: some empirical evidenceEuropean Business Review9828228610.1108/09555349810231843Search in Google Scholar

Yin, R.K. (2009), Case study research: design and methods, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA.YinR.K.2009Case study research: design and methodsSage PublicationsThousand Oaks, CASearch in Google Scholar