Non-pharmaceutical intervention and pain management situation for neonatal analgesia
Article Category: Review
Publicado en línea: 05 ene 2021
Páginas: 299 - 305
Recibido: 28 abr 2020
Aceptado: 11 jun 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fon-2020-0039
Palabras clave
© 2020 Zi Zeng et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Non-pharmaceutical interventions for neonatal pain.
| Methods | Major effects | Use in painful procedures |
|---|---|---|
| Sweet oral solutions (sucrose or glucose) | Reduce behavioral pain response and composite pain scores. Decrease duration of cry. Stabilize changes of HR, SpO2. | Full term neonates Preterm neonates Sucrose: small volumes of 24% (0.1–0.3 ml for preterm neonates and 1–2 ml for term neonates) Glucose: 1ml of 25% or 50% solutions Concerns: potential neurological adverse effects for repeated use of sucrose in preterm infants Grade of recommendation: strong |
| NNS | Lower pain scores (PIPP) Lower frequency of stress-related behaviors, abnormal rates, oxygen saturation. | Preterm neonates Full term neonates At least performing 3 min before painful procedure Grade of recommendation: strong |
| Breastfeeding | Reduce pain scores Lower increase in heart rate Reduce cry time | Term infants Starting 2 min before and continuing the procedure Grade of recommendation: strong |
| FT | Reduce pain perceptions | Term infants Performing during the procedure, such as received vaccination, and safe in mechanically ventilated neonates Grade of recommendation: strong |
| KMC | PIPP Shorter time to recovery Lower facial actions Reduce cry time | Useful for very preterm neonates preterm neonates Grade of recommendation: strong |
| Swaddling | Stabilization for heart rates, oxygen saturation PIPP | Preterm infants Grade of recommendation: strong |
| Heel warming | Reduce pain response Improve pain recovery | Preterm infants Usually use before a heel stick Grade of recommendation: strong |
| SS | Reduce pain scores (ABC) scale) | Term neonates Grade of recommendation: strong |
| Music therapy | Stabilize HR, SaO2, pain Improve physiological and behavioral parameters | Preterm neonates Term neonates Play familiar music of fetal period, light music or their mother's voice Grade of recommendation: weak |