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Growth and yield in taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) grown using different planting materials and exposed to different morphological alteration treatments

Benyamin Lakitan

Benyamin Lakitan

  • Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Universitas SriwijayaIndralaya, Indonesia
  • Research Center for Sub-Optimal Lands, Universitas SriwijayaBukit Besar, Indonesia
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Lakitan, Benyamin
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Hana Haruna Putri

Hana Haruna Putri

Graduate School of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, Kagoshima UniversityKagoshima, Japan
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Haruna Putri, Hana
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Rofiqoh Purnama Ria

Rofiqoh Purnama Ria

Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Universitas SriwijayaIndralaya, Indonesia
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Purnama Ria, Rofiqoh
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Dora Fatma Nurshanti

Dora Fatma Nurshanti

Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Universitas SriwijayaIndralaya, Indonesia
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Nurshanti, Dora Fatma
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Fitra Gustiar

Fitra Gustiar

Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Universitas SriwijayaIndralaya, Indonesia
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Gustiar, Fitra
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Strayker Ali Muda

Strayker Ali Muda

Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Universitas SriwijayaIndralaya, Indonesia
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Muda, Strayker Ali
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Andi Wijaya

Andi Wijaya

Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Universitas SriwijayaIndralaya, Indonesia
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Wijaya, Andi
  
23 dic 2022
Growth and yield in taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) grown using different planting materials and exposed to different morphological alteration treatments's Cover Image
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Categoría del artículo: Original Article
Publicado en línea: 23 dic 2022
Páginas: 235 - 247
Recibido: 01 mar 2022
Aceptado: 10 oct 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2022-0018
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© 2022 Benyamin Lakitan et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1

Responses of taro plants to NPK fertilizer application in morphologically altered plants (A and C) and with different planting materials (B and D). The standard errors are represented by the length of the error bars. MAM, morphological alteration involving excision of the mother plant; MAS, morphological alteration involving removal of all suckers; NMA, non-treated control; PMC, planting material cormel; PMS2, planting material suckers with two leaves; PMS4, planting material suckers with four leaves; SPAD, unit-less indicator for leaf chlorophyll content. Small letters a, b, and c on tops of the SPAD value bars were used to indicate differences amongst the morphological alteration treatments.
Responses of taro plants to NPK fertilizer application in morphologically altered plants (A and C) and with different planting materials (B and D). The standard errors are represented by the length of the error bars. MAM, morphological alteration involving excision of the mother plant; MAS, morphological alteration involving removal of all suckers; NMA, non-treated control; PMC, planting material cormel; PMS2, planting material suckers with two leaves; PMS4, planting material suckers with four leaves; SPAD, unit-less indicator for leaf chlorophyll content. Small letters a, b, and c on tops of the SPAD value bars were used to indicate differences amongst the morphological alteration treatments.

Figure 2

The influence of planting material (A) and morphological alterations (B) on the number of leaves in the mother plant of taro. The standard errors are represented by the length of the error bars. MAM, morphological alteration involving excision of the mother plant; MAS, morphological alteration involving removal of all suckers; NMA, non-treated control; PMC, planting material cormel; PMS2, planting material suckers with two leaves; PMS4, planting material suckers with four leaves.
The influence of planting material (A) and morphological alterations (B) on the number of leaves in the mother plant of taro. The standard errors are represented by the length of the error bars. MAM, morphological alteration involving excision of the mother plant; MAS, morphological alteration involving removal of all suckers; NMA, non-treated control; PMC, planting material cormel; PMS2, planting material suckers with two leaves; PMS4, planting material suckers with four leaves.

Figure 3

Dry weights of leaf blade, petiole and fibrous roots of the individual mother plant (A, C and E) and suckers (B, D and F) cultivated using cormel (PMC) or seedling with two (PMS2) or four (PMS4) leaves observed at 12 WAP, 20 WAP and 28 WAP in taro plants. The standard errors are represented by the length of the error bars. MP, mother plant; SK, sucker; WAP, weeks after planting.
Dry weights of leaf blade, petiole and fibrous roots of the individual mother plant (A, C and E) and suckers (B, D and F) cultivated using cormel (PMC) or seedling with two (PMS2) or four (PMS4) leaves observed at 12 WAP, 20 WAP and 28 WAP in taro plants. The standard errors are represented by the length of the error bars. MP, mother plant; SK, sucker; WAP, weeks after planting.

Figure 4

Different responses of the plants to the morphological alteration treatments involving excision of mother plant (MAM) and removal of suckers (MAS) in comparison to non-treated plants (NMA) in terms of the dry weights of leaf (A, B), petiole (C, D) and fibrous roots (E, F), observed at 12 WAP, 20 WAP and 28 WAP in taro plants.
Different responses of the plants to the morphological alteration treatments involving excision of mother plant (MAM) and removal of suckers (MAS) in comparison to non-treated plants (NMA) in terms of the dry weights of leaf (A, B), petiole (C, D) and fibrous roots (E, F), observed at 12 WAP, 20 WAP and 28 WAP in taro plants.

Figure 5

Number of suckers and total number of leaves per plant were higher in plants grown using cormel as the planting material (A, C) and the number of suckers and leaves were not different between the mother plant excision treatment and the non-treated plant (B, D), when observed at 12 WAP, 20 WAP and 28 WAP in taro plants. The standard errors are represented by the length of the error bars. MAM, morphological alteration involving excision of the mother plant; MAS, morphological alteration involving removal of all suckers; MP, mother plant; NMA, non-treated control; PMC, planting material cormel; PMS2, planting material suckers with two leaves; PMS4, planting material suckers with four leaves; SK, sucker; WAP, weeks after planting.
Number of suckers and total number of leaves per plant were higher in plants grown using cormel as the planting material (A, C) and the number of suckers and leaves were not different between the mother plant excision treatment and the non-treated plant (B, D), when observed at 12 WAP, 20 WAP and 28 WAP in taro plants. The standard errors are represented by the length of the error bars. MAM, morphological alteration involving excision of the mother plant; MAS, morphological alteration involving removal of all suckers; MP, mother plant; NMA, non-treated control; PMC, planting material cormel; PMS2, planting material suckers with two leaves; PMS4, planting material suckers with four leaves; SK, sucker; WAP, weeks after planting.

Figure 6

The diameter and length of the corm were compared based on the type of planting material (A, C) and differences in morphological alteration treatment (B, D) in taro plants aged 12 WAP, 20 WAP and 28 WAP. The standard errors are represented by the length of the error bars. MAM, morphological alteration involving excision of the mother plant; MAS, morphological alteration involving removal of all suckers; NMA, non-treated control; PMC, planting material cormel; PMS2, planting material suckers with two leaves; PMS4, planting material suckers with four leaves; WAP, weeks after planting.
The diameter and length of the corm were compared based on the type of planting material (A, C) and differences in morphological alteration treatment (B, D) in taro plants aged 12 WAP, 20 WAP and 28 WAP. The standard errors are represented by the length of the error bars. MAM, morphological alteration involving excision of the mother plant; MAS, morphological alteration involving removal of all suckers; NMA, non-treated control; PMC, planting material cormel; PMS2, planting material suckers with two leaves; PMS4, planting material suckers with four leaves; WAP, weeks after planting.

Figure 7

The fresh weight, dry weight and water content of the corm were compared based on the type of planting material (A, C and E) and differences in morphological alteration treatment (B, D and F) in taro plants aged 12 WAP, 20 WAP and 28 WAP. The standard errors are represented by the length of the error bars. MAM, morphological alteration involving excision of the mother plant; MAS, morphological alteration involving removal of all suckers; NMA, non-treated control; PMC, planting material cormel; PMS2, planting material suckers with two leaves; PMS4, planting material suckers with four leaves; WAP, weeks after planting.
The fresh weight, dry weight and water content of the corm were compared based on the type of planting material (A, C and E) and differences in morphological alteration treatment (B, D and F) in taro plants aged 12 WAP, 20 WAP and 28 WAP. The standard errors are represented by the length of the error bars. MAM, morphological alteration involving excision of the mother plant; MAS, morphological alteration involving removal of all suckers; NMA, non-treated control; PMC, planting material cormel; PMS2, planting material suckers with two leaves; PMS4, planting material suckers with four leaves; WAP, weeks after planting.

Figure 8

The fresh and dry weights of the cormel and the ratio of cormel/corm were compared based on the type of planting material (A, C and E) and differences in morphological alteration treatment (B, D and F) in taro plants aged 12 WAP, 20 WAP and 28 WAP. The standard errors are represented by the length of the error bars. MAM, morphological alteration involving excision of the mother plant; MAS, morphological alteration involving removal of all suckers; NMA, non-treated control; PMC, planting material cormel; PMS2, planting material suckers with two leaves; PMS4, planting material suckers with four leaves; WAP, weeks after planting.
The fresh and dry weights of the cormel and the ratio of cormel/corm were compared based on the type of planting material (A, C and E) and differences in morphological alteration treatment (B, D and F) in taro plants aged 12 WAP, 20 WAP and 28 WAP. The standard errors are represented by the length of the error bars. MAM, morphological alteration involving excision of the mother plant; MAS, morphological alteration involving removal of all suckers; NMA, non-treated control; PMC, planting material cormel; PMS2, planting material suckers with two leaves; PMS4, planting material suckers with four leaves; WAP, weeks after planting.

Results of the analysis of variance on growth and development of taro plant as affected by the planting materials used and morphological alteration treatments_

Parameter Planting material (PM)
 Morphological alteration (MA)
12 WAP 20 WAP 28 WAP 12 WAP 20 WAP 28 WAP
Leaf blade
MP number of leaves ns ns ns ** ** **
MP leaf blade: fresh weight ns ns ns ** ** **
MP leaf blade: dry weight ns ns ns ** ** **
LL midrib: length ns ns ns ** ** **
LL midrib: width ns ns ns ** ** *
Petiole
MP petiole: fresh weight * ns ns ** ** **
MP petiole: dry weight ns * ns ** ** **
LL petiole: length ns ns ns ** * ns
LL petiole: diameter ns ns ns ** ** *
Sucker
Number of suckers ns ns ns ns ns ns
SK number of leaves ns ns ns ns ns ns
SK leaf: fresh weight ns ns ns ns * ns
SK leaf: dry weight ns ns ns ns ns ns
SK petiole: fresh weight ns ns ns ns * ns
SK petiole: dry weight ns ns ns ns ns ns
Roots
Root length ns ns ns * ns ns
MP roots: fresh weight ns ns ns ** ** **
MP roots: dry weight ns ns ns ** ** **
SK roots: fresh weight ns ns ns ns ns ns
SK roots: dry weight ns ns ns ns ns ns
Corm and cormels
Main corm: diameter ** ns ns ** ns ns
Main corm: length ** ns ns ** ns **
Main corm: fresh weight * ns ns ** ** **
Main corm: dry weight * ns ns ** ** **
Cormel: fresh weight - ns ns - ** **
Cormel: dry weight - ns ns - ** **
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