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Screening of composite substrates suitable for tissue-cultured plantlets growth of Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr

Xiaosong Yu
Xiaosong Yu
, 
Lin Li
Lin Li
, 
Yongquan Li
Yongquan Li
, 
Zhi Liu
Zhi Liu
, 
Ningxian Yang
Ningxian Yang
 y 
Mingsheng Zhang
Mingsheng Zhang
   | 07 mar 2022
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Article Category: Original Article
Publicado en línea: 07 mar 2022
Páginas: 39 - 50
Recibido: 17 oct 2021
Aceptado: 02 feb 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2022-0004
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© 2022 Xiaosong Yu et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1

The effect of different combinations of substrates on the survival rate of A. cochinchinensis plantlets. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between treatments (p < 0.05). Error bars represent SD and data in the graphs are the means ± SD. T1: garden soil 100%; T2: garden soil:perlite:coconut bran = 20%:40%:40%; T3: garden soil:coconut bran:vermiculite = 20%:40%:40%; T4: garden soil:vermiculite:peat = 20%:40%:40%; T5: garden soil:perlite:peat = 20%:40%:40%; T6: perlite:coconut bran:vermiculite = 33.33%:33.33%:33.33%; T7: perlite:vermiculite:peat = 33.33%:33.33%:33.33%. SD, standard deviation.
The effect of different combinations of substrates on the survival rate of A. cochinchinensis plantlets. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between treatments (p < 0.05). Error bars represent SD and data in the graphs are the means ± SD. T1: garden soil 100%; T2: garden soil:perlite:coconut bran = 20%:40%:40%; T3: garden soil:coconut bran:vermiculite = 20%:40%:40%; T4: garden soil:vermiculite:peat = 20%:40%:40%; T5: garden soil:perlite:peat = 20%:40%:40%; T6: perlite:coconut bran:vermiculite = 33.33%:33.33%:33.33%; T7: perlite:vermiculite:peat = 33.33%:33.33%:33.33%. SD, standard deviation.

Figure 2

Effects of different combined substrates on above-ground growth of A. cochinchinensis. Error bars represent SD and data in the graphs are the means ± standard deviation. T1: garden soil 100%; T2: garden soil: perlite: coconut bran = 20%: 40%: 40%; T3: garden soil: coconut bran: vermiculite = 20%: 40%: 40%; T4: garden soil: vermiculite: peat = 20%: 40%: 40%; T5: garden soil: perlite: peat = 20%: 40%: 40%; T6: perlite: coconut bran: vermiculite = 33.33%: 33.33%: 33.33%; T7: perlite: vermiculite: peat = 33.33%: 33.33%: 33.33%.
Effects of different combined substrates on above-ground growth of A. cochinchinensis. Error bars represent SD and data in the graphs are the means ± standard deviation. T1: garden soil 100%; T2: garden soil: perlite: coconut bran = 20%: 40%: 40%; T3: garden soil: coconut bran: vermiculite = 20%: 40%: 40%; T4: garden soil: vermiculite: peat = 20%: 40%: 40%; T5: garden soil: perlite: peat = 20%: 40%: 40%; T6: perlite: coconut bran: vermiculite = 33.33%: 33.33%: 33.33%; T7: perlite: vermiculite: peat = 33.33%: 33.33%: 33.33%.

Figure 3

Root morphology of A. cochinchinensis plantlet in different substrates. T1: garden soil 100%; T2: garden soil:perlite:coconut bran = 20%:40%:40%; T3: garden soil:coconut bran:vermiculite = 20%:40%:40%; T4: garden soil:vermiculite:peat = 20%:40%:40%; T5: garden soil:perlite:peat = 20%:40%:40%; T6: perlite:coconut bran:vermiculite = 33.33%:33.33%:33.33%; T7: perlite:vermiculite:peat = 33.33%:33.33%:33.33%.
Root morphology of A. cochinchinensis plantlet in different substrates. T1: garden soil 100%; T2: garden soil:perlite:coconut bran = 20%:40%:40%; T3: garden soil:coconut bran:vermiculite = 20%:40%:40%; T4: garden soil:vermiculite:peat = 20%:40%:40%; T5: garden soil:perlite:peat = 20%:40%:40%; T6: perlite:coconut bran:vermiculite = 33.33%:33.33%:33.33%; T7: perlite:vermiculite:peat = 33.33%:33.33%:33.33%.

Figure 4

Effects of different combined substrates on underground parameters of A. cochinchinensis. Error bars represent SD and data in the graphs are the means ± SD. T1: garden soil 100%; T2: garden soil:perlite:coconut bran = 20%:40%:40%; T3: garden soil:coconut bran:vermiculite = 20%:40%:40%; T4: garden soil:vermiculite:peat = 20%:40%:40%; T5: garden soil:perlite:peat = 20%:40%:40%; T6: perlite:coconut bran:vermiculite = 33.33%:33.33%:33.33%; T7: perlite:vermiculite:peat = 33.33%:33.33%:33.33%. SD, standard deviation.
Effects of different combined substrates on underground parameters of A. cochinchinensis. Error bars represent SD and data in the graphs are the means ± SD. T1: garden soil 100%; T2: garden soil:perlite:coconut bran = 20%:40%:40%; T3: garden soil:coconut bran:vermiculite = 20%:40%:40%; T4: garden soil:vermiculite:peat = 20%:40%:40%; T5: garden soil:perlite:peat = 20%:40%:40%; T6: perlite:coconut bran:vermiculite = 33.33%:33.33%:33.33%; T7: perlite:vermiculite:peat = 33.33%:33.33%:33.33%. SD, standard deviation.

Figure 5

Effects of different combined substrates on physiology and biochemistry indexes of A. cochinchinensis. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between treatments (p = 0.05). Error bars represent SD and data in the graphs are the means ± SD. T1: garden soil 100%; T2: garden soil:perlite:coconut bran = 20%:40%:40%; T3: garden soil:coconut bran:vermiculite = 20%:40%:40%; T4: garden soil:vermiculite:peat = 20%:40%:40%; T5: garden soil:perlite:peat = 20%:40%:40%; T6: perlite:coconut bran:vermiculite = 33.33%:33.33%:33.33%; T7: perlite:vermiculite:peat = 33.33%:33.33%:33.33%. SD, standard deviation.
Effects of different combined substrates on physiology and biochemistry indexes of A. cochinchinensis. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between treatments (p = 0.05). Error bars represent SD and data in the graphs are the means ± SD. T1: garden soil 100%; T2: garden soil:perlite:coconut bran = 20%:40%:40%; T3: garden soil:coconut bran:vermiculite = 20%:40%:40%; T4: garden soil:vermiculite:peat = 20%:40%:40%; T5: garden soil:perlite:peat = 20%:40%:40%; T6: perlite:coconut bran:vermiculite = 33.33%:33.33%:33.33%; T7: perlite:vermiculite:peat = 33.33%:33.33%:33.33%. SD, standard deviation.

Figure 6

Growth status of A. cochinchinensis plantlet in different substrates. T1: garden soil 100%; T2: garden soil:perlite:coconut bran = 20%:40%:40%; T3: garden soil:coconut bran:vermiculite = 20%:40%:40%; T4: garden soil:vermiculite:peat = 20%:40%:40%; T5: garden soil:perlite:peat = 20%:40%:40%; T6: perlite:coconut bran:vermiculite = 33.33%:33.33%:33.33%; T7: perlite:vermiculite:peat = 33.33%:33.33%:33.33%.
Growth status of A. cochinchinensis plantlet in different substrates. T1: garden soil 100%; T2: garden soil:perlite:coconut bran = 20%:40%:40%; T3: garden soil:coconut bran:vermiculite = 20%:40%:40%; T4: garden soil:vermiculite:peat = 20%:40%:40%; T5: garden soil:perlite:peat = 20%:40%:40%; T6: perlite:coconut bran:vermiculite = 33.33%:33.33%:33.33%; T7: perlite:vermiculite:peat = 33.33%:33.33%:33.33%.

Membership function values and comprehensive ranking.

Evaluation index Membership function values of each evaluation index of seven substrates
T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7
Survival rate 0.00 0.95 0.78 0.76 0.90 0.98 1.00
Aboveground
Plant height 0.00 1.00 0.42 0.74 0.55 0.77 0.79
Stem diameter 0.00 0.29 1.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.57
Fresh weight 0.00 0.76 0.17 0.27 0.54 1.00 0.36
Dry weight 0.00 0.75 0.15 0.27 0.53 1.00 0.41
Underground
Root fresh weight 0.00 0.56 0.23 0.26 0.35 1.00 0.25
Root dry weight 0.00 0.75 0.25 0.29 0.46 1.00 0.51
Total root length 0.00 0.26 0.08 0.08 0.12 1.00 0.19
Root surface area 0.00 0.46 0.20 0.13 0.27 1 0.13
Root diameter 0.00 0.83 0.47 0.36 0.52 1.00 0.23
Root volume 0.00 0.61 0.17 0.10 0.32 1.00 0.05
Physiology
Soluble protein 0.00 1.00 0.98 0.65 0.71 0.60 0.87
Soluble sugar 0.00 0.29 0.11 0.29 0.82 1.00 0.47
MDA 0.00 0.964 0.15 0.23 0.54 1 0.46
Total chlorophyll 0.00 1.00 0.17 0.70 0.28 0.75 0.15
Proline 0.00 0.94 0.32 0.36 0.56 1.00 0.50
Root vigour 0.00 0.87 1.00 0.67 0.88 0.97 0.13
Average value 0.00 0.72 0.39 0.36 0.49 0.95 0.42
Ranking 7 2 5 6 3 1 4

Combination ratio of different substrates.

Code Volume ratio (%)
Garden soil Perlite Coconut bran Vermiculite Peat
T1 100.00 0 0 0 0
T2 20.00 40.00 40.00 0 0
T3 20.00 0 40.00 40.00 0
T4 20.00 0 0 40.00 40.00
T5 20.00 40.00 0 0 40.00
T6 0 33.33 33.33 33.33 0
T7 0 33.33 0 33.33 33.33

Correlation analysis between physical properties of substrate and growth parameters and physiology and biochemistry indexes of tissue-cultured seedlings of A. cochinchinensis.

Index Bulk density Total porosity Aeration porosity Water retaining porosity Void ratio Conductivity value pH value
Survival rate −0.987** 0.912** 0.771* 0.517 0.668 −0.952** 0.729
Aboveground
Plant height −0.853* 0.730 0.631 0.395 0.538 −0.754 0.579
Stem diameter −0.464 0.600 0.244 0.692 0.086 −0.393 0.486
Fresh weight −0.701 0.608 0.593 0.239 0.505 −0.555 0.524
Dry weight −0.716 0.617 0.629 0.207 0.547 −0.563 0.559
Underground
Root fresh weight −0.658 0.653 0.537 0.390 0.410 −0.525 0.557
Root dry weight −0.773* 0.698 0.648 0.319 0.544 −0.613 0.631
Root length −0.555 0.597 0.553 0.274 0.440 −0.407 0.629
Root surface area −0.553 0.569 0.448 0.366 0.323 −0.418 0.486
Root diameter −0.598 0.596 0.308 0.599 0.163 −0.551 0.287
Root volume −0.508 0.482 0.361 0.334 0.247 −0.364 0.359
Physiology
Soluble protein −0.749 0.696 0.315 0.758* 0.175 −0.698 0.375
Soluble sugar −0.692 0.648 0.827* −0.004 0.795* −0.637 0.715
MDA 0.681 −0.543 −0.544 −0.193 −0.470 0.505 −0.465
Total chlorophyll −0.449 0.373 0.171 0.404 0.057 −0.350 0.129
Proline −0.760* 0.648 0.566 0.342 0.466 −0.609 0.509
Root vigour −0.568 0.610 0.252 0.697 0.097 −0.580 0.248

The physical and chemical properties of different substrates combinations.

Code Bulk density (g · cm−3) Total porosity (%) Aeration porosity (%) Water retaining porosity (%) Void ratio EC (mS · cm−1) pH
Means ± SD
T1 0.98 ± 0.03 a 42.67 ± 0.57 e 7.44 ± 0.10 e 35.25 ± 0.67 d 0.21 ± 0.01 e 1.60 ± 0.02 a 5.79 ± 0.01 e
T2 0.38 ± 0.00 cd 55.58 ± 1.20 d 13.16 ± 0.64 d 42.42 ± 0.98 bc 0.31 ± 0.01 cd 0.78 ± 0.01 b 5.93 ± 0.08 d
T3 0.46 ± 0.01 b 59.19 ± 2.09 bc 11.10 ± 0.46 d 48.09 ± 2.55 a 0.23 ± 0.02 de 0.67 ± 0.02 c 5.98 ± 0.04 cd
T4 0.43 ± 0.03 bc 59.31 ± 2.73 bc 16.12 ± 0.87 c 43.18 ± 3.60 b 0.38 ± 0.05 c 0.60 ± 0.03 d 6.08 ± 0.04 b
T5 0.36 ± 0.00 d 57.60 ± 0.47 c 19.39 ± 1.45 b 38.21 ± 1.91 cd 0.51 ± 0.06 ab 0.51 ± 0.02 e 6.06 ± 0.03 bc
T6 0.23 ± 0.05 e 65.07 ± 0.61 a 21.30 ± 1.25 ab 43.77 ± 0.65 ab 0.49 ± 0.04 b 0.51 ± 0.01 e 6.30 ± 0.01 a
T7 0.24 ± 0.03 e 62.01 ± 1.90 ab 22.72 ± 0.86 a 39.29 ± 1.03 bcd 0.58 ± 0.01 a 0.49 ± 0.01 f 6.32 ± 0.02 a
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