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Scots pine stands in the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

Anna V. Garmash
Anna V. Garmash
, 
Alyona Yu. Gordiyshenko
Alyona Yu. Gordiyshenko
, 
Oleksandr I. Borysenko
Oleksandr I. Borysenko
 y 
Tetiana S. Pyvovar
Tetiana S. Pyvovar
   | 01 sept 2023
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Article Category: ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Publicado en línea: 01 sept 2023
Páginas: 153 - 165
Recibido: 30 dic 2022
Aceptado: 04 jul 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ffp-2023-0015
© 2023 Anna V. Garmash et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1.

Temporary, permanent sample plots and intensive monitoring plots at the maps of Kharkiv (A) and Sumy (B) regions
Temporary, permanent sample plots and intensive monitoring plots at the maps of Kharkiv (A) and Sumy (B) regions

Figure 2.

Distribution of the area of Scots pine stands in the forest-steppe part of Kharkiv region by forest types
Distribution of the area of Scots pine stands in the forest-steppe part of Kharkiv region by forest types

Figure 3.

Distribution of area of Scots pine stands by 10-year age classes in the forest-steppe part of Kharkiv region
Distribution of area of Scots pine stands by 10-year age classes in the forest-steppe part of Kharkiv region

Figure 4.

Distribution of Scots pine stand area by site classes in the forest-steppe part of Kharkiv region
Distribution of Scots pine stand area by site classes in the forest-steppe part of Kharkiv region

Figure 5.

Distribution of Scots pine stands area in the forest-steppe part of Kharkiv region by relative density of stocking
Distribution of Scots pine stands area in the forest-steppe part of Kharkiv region by relative density of stocking

Dynamics of Scots pine stands indicators in the intensive monitoring and permanent sample plots

Forest enterprise Latitude/ longitude TFSC Year Age, years M, m3ha-1 P G, m2ha-1 Site class Mc, m3ha-1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
SE “Zhovtneve FE” N 49.90097°E 36.23000° B2 2011 60 410 0.69 34.1 Ia 1.1
B2 2015 64 428 0.70 34.5 Ia 1.3
B2 2019 68 441 0.69 35.0 Ia 4.6
SE “Zhovtneve FE” N 49.83047°E 35.72024° B2 2011 55 397 0.73 35.4 Ia 0.0
B2 2015 59 432 0.77 37.9 Ia 6.6
B2 2019 63 453 0.79 39.2 Ia 27.0
NNP “Slobozhansky” N 50.07916°E 35.21080° B2 2014 40 286 0.63 29.0 Ia 0.4
B2 2018 44 318 0.68 32.1 Ia 1.1
SE “Skrypaivske SRFE” N 49.75801°E 36.63940° B2 2013 93 442 0.70 36.1 I 4.5
B2 2017 97 425 0.70 35.0 I 46.4
B2 2021 101 423 0.65 33.8 I 58.0
NNP “Slobozhansky” N 50.07299°E 35.23105° B2 2016 85 371 0.61 30.4 I 5.9
B2 2020 89 392 0.63 31.9 I 7.9
NNP “Slobozhansky” N 50.08953°E 35.25167° B2 2016 70 405 0.82 38.8 I 3.0
B2 2021 75 442 0.85 41.6 I 4.4
NNP “Slobozhansky” N 50.07164°E 35.23530° B2 2016 120 529 0.88 44.2 II 16.5
B2 2020 124 543 0.88 44.5 II 16.3
NNP “Slobozhansky” N 50.05740°E 35.22488° B2 2016 80 338 0.65 30.6 I 15.5
B2 2020 84 360 0.64 31.6 I 19.2
NNP “Slobozhansky” N 50.06153°E 35.22173° B2 2016 110 565 0.90 46.0 II 0.4
B2 2020 114 596 0.91 46.5 II 0.0
NNP “Slobozhansky” N 50.06005°E 35.21920° A1–2 2016 48 113 0.33 13.7 II 0.0
A1–2 2020 52 125 0.32 13.9 I 1.7
NNP “Slobozhansky” N 50.03659°E 35.24382° C2 2016 60 470 0.80 39.6 Ia 9.2
C2 2021 65 502 0.82 41.2 Ia 16.3
NNP “Slobozhansky” N 50.05129°E 35.25843° C2 2016 100 607 0.89 46.8 Ia 36.5
C2 2021 105 625 0.87 47.2 Ia 34.1
NNP “Slobozhansky” N 50.04390°E 35.23067° C2 2016 95 405 0.75 35.3 I 27.4
C2 2021 100 411 0.74 35.7 I 45.0
SE “Skrypaivske SRFE” N 49.27504°E 36.54960° A2 2012 75 468 0,9 44,2 I 1.8
A2 2018 81 449 0,85 41,9 II 5.2
SE “Skrypaivske SRFE” N 49.87952°E 36.62420° B2 2012 55 503 0,92 45,5 Ia 15.7
B2 2018 61 501 0,85 42,9 Ia 21.3
SE “Skrypaivske SRFE” N 49.67125°E 36.58750° C2 2012 50 432 0,89 42,8 Ia 7.4
C2 2018 56 467 0,91 44,8 Ia 9.5

The distribution of the number of temporary sample plots by types of forest site conditions and site classes

Site class TFSC Total
A1 A2 B2 C2 C3
Ia – 8 3 1 12
I 5 10 1 – 16
II 1 1 – – – 2
Total 1 6 18 4 1 30

Dynamic of climate indicators in 2000–2010 and 2010–2020

Point Ty, °C Py, mm Ppos, mm W
2000-–2 2010-–2 ΔT 2000-–2 2010-–2 ΔP 2000-–2 2010-–2 ΔPpos 2000-–2 2010-–2
Zmiiv 9.2 9.5 0.4 521 511 –10 398 378 –20 –0.15 –0.49
Merefa 8.8 9.5 0.7 536 511 –25 417 378 –39 0.17 –0.49
Krasnokutsk 8.4 9.1 0.7 571 544 –27 451 410 –41 0.68 –0.02
Trostyanets’ 8.1 8.8 0.6 598 563 –35 477 432 –45 1.10   0.35
Sumy 8.1 8.8 0.6 598 563 –35 477 432 –45 1.10   0.35
Konotop 8.3 8.9 0.7 605 564 –41 480 428 –52 1.12   0.30

Health condition dynamic at monitoring and permanent sample plots

Forest enterprise Latitude/ longitude Year Health condition index Part of damaged trees, % Part of dead trees, %
without dead trees with dead trees
SE “Zhovtneve FE” N 49.90097°E 36.23000° 2011 1.12±0.06 1.18±0.08 60.6 1.5
2015 1.19±0.06 1.28±0.09 58.5 1.9
2019 1.16±0.05 1.33±0.11 39.1 4.5
SE “Zhovtneve FE” N 49.83047°E 35.72024° 2011 1.02±0.02 1.02±0.02 15.7 0.0
2015 1.14±0.05 1.27±0.09 12.8 3.4
2019 1.16±0.04 1.39±0.11 10.6 5.6
NNP “Slobozhansky” N 50.07916°E 35.21080° 2014 1.04±0.02 1.07±0.04 1.7 0.9
2018 1.04±0.02 1.11±0.05 1.8 1.7
SE “Skrypaivske SRFE” N 49.75801°E 36.63940° 2013 1.13±0.04 1.19±0.07 9.5 1.6
2017 1.14±0.05 1.57±0.15 8.6 10.8
2021 1.42±0.09 2.08±0.21 5.8 15.6
NNP “Slobozhansky” N 50.07299°E 35.23105° 2016 1.04±0.03 1.21±0.12 4.4 4.3
2020 1.24±0.08 1.32±0.11 11.1 2.1
NNP “Slobozhansky” N 50.08953°E 35.25167° 2016 1.02±0.02 1.07±0.05 1.2 1.2
2021 1.08±0.03 1.13±0.06 6.3 1.2
NNP “Slobozhansky” N 50.07164°E 35.23530° 2016 1.03±0.03 1.14±0.12 5.9 2.9
2020 1.30±0.10 1.44±0.15 17.6 3.0
NNP “Slobozhansky” N 50.05740°E 35.22488° 2016 1.22±0.07 1.81±0.21 6.0 13.8
2020 1.17±0.06 1.80±0.22 0.0 14.3
NNP “Slobozhansky” N 50.06153°E 35.22173° 2016 1.31±0.07 1.44±0.12 7.7 3.7
2020 1.26±0.06 1.26±0.06 13.0 0.0
NNP “Slobozhansky” N 50.06005°E 35.21920° 2016 1.09±0.05 1.09±0.05 0.0 0.0
2020 1.69±0.12 1.90±0.21 27.6 6.5
NNP “Slobozhansky” N 50.03659°E 35.24382° 2016 1.10±0.03 1.42±0.11 2.0 7.5
2021 1.14±0.04 1.66±0.15 4.3 11.4
NNP “Slobozhansky” N 50.05129°E 35.25843° 2016 1.04±0.02 1.52±0.18 1.8 11.1
2021 1.13±0.04 1.67±0.20 10.7 11.1
NNP “Slobozhansky” N 50.04390°E 35.23067° 2016 1.07±0.04 1.58±0.20 10.9 11.5
2021 1.11±0.04 1.82±0.22 17.4 16.4
SE “Skrypaivske SRFE” N 49.27504°E 36.54960° 2012 1.07±0.02 1.22±0.05 6.8 0.4
2018 1.19±0.04 1.25±0.06 7.2 1.4
SE “Skrypaivske SRFE” N 49.87952°E 36.62420° 2012 1.11±0.03 1.32±0.07 7.4 5.2
2018 1.24±0.06 1.51±0.11 8.1 6.7
SE “Skrypaivske SRFE” N 49.67125°E 36.58750° 2012 1.12±0.03 1.26±0.06 6.5 3.6
2018 1.14±0.04 1.32±0.07 6.8 4.4

Dynamic of climate indicators for two 30 years periods

Point Ty,°C Py, mm Ppos, mm W
1960-–1990 1990-–2020 ΔT 1960-–1990 1990-–2020 ΔP 1960-–1990 1990-–2020 ΔPpos 1960-–1990 1990-–2020
Zmiiv 7.7 8.8 1.1 519 520 1 367 402 35 0.29 0.09
Merefa 7.7 8.8 1.1 519 520 1 367 402 35 0.29 0.09
Krasnokutsk 7.3 8.4 1.1 559 555 –4 398 435 37 0.80 0.60
Trostyanets’ 7.0 8.2 1.2 587 580 –7 423 461 38 1.21 1.02
Sumy 7.1 8.2 1.1 588 580 –8 426 461 35 1.23 1.02
Konotop 7.1 8.3 1.2 598 589 –9 433 466 33 1.32 1.04

Mean mensuration indicators and standard errors of Scots pine stands in the forest-steppe part of Kharkiv region in 2017 (according to the ‘Forests of Ukraine’ Database)

Forest type N of plots Mean mensuration indicators
age, years diameter, cm height, m growing stock, m3 ha-1 relative density of stocking site class
A1P 637 60±1 20.8±0.3 16.7±0.2 300±4 0.74±0.01 I.9
A2-P 1842 66±1 24.1±0.2 19.0±0.2 325±3 0.72±0.01 I.5
B1-oP 509 69±1 23.9±0.4 18.5±0.3 310±5 0.73±0.01 I.7
B2-oP 8824 66±1 25.7±0.1 20.0±0.1 340±2 0.72±0.01 I.0
C2-loP 1992 70±1 29.1±0.1 22.1±0.1 360±2 0.70±0.01 Ia.6
Otder 597 51±1 25.4±0.4 18.9±0.3 310±5 0.76±0.01 I.2
Total 14401 66±1 25.8±0.1 20.0±0.1 338±1 0.72±0.01 I.1

Productivity of Scots pine stands in the Forest-Steppe depending on forest site conditions and site class (average growing stock m3 ha-1) (according to ‘Forests of Ukraine’ Database)

Site class Types of forest site conditions On the average, m3 ha-1
A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2 D2
Ib 364±61 379±25 363±0 412±6 350±36 422±7 281±0 415±4
Ia 352±12 410±5 374±17 405±2 275±23 338±4 374±24 383±2
I 340±5 374±3 356±7 302±2 229±10 365±4 330±10 319±1
II 280±5 256±2 287±6 320±4 201±11 299±6 309±11 309±6
III 170±6 237±8 230±7 215±6 78±6 195±13 191±8 207±3
IV 136±10 148±16 124±20 102±10 54±7 38±6 – 94±5
Total 300±4 325±3 310±5 340±2 208±2 348±2 312±2 338±1
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