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Recent Advances in 3D Printing of Polyhydroxyalkanoates: A Review

Adriana Kovalcik
Adriana Kovalcik
   | 22 ene 2021
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Article Category: Review
Publicado en línea: 22 ene 2021
Páginas: 48 - 55
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ebtj-2021-0008
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© 2021 Adriana Kovalcik, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

List of global manufactures of PHA

CompanyHeadquartersProductComposition
BiomateraToronto, CanadaBiomateraNot specified PHA
BiomerSchwalbach, GermanyBiomerP3HB
Bio-onBologna, ItalyMINERV-PHANot specified PHA
DaniMer ScientificBainbridge, Georgia, USANodax PHANot specified PHA, e.g. P3H-B-co-3HHx
Kaneka CorporationTokyo, JapanKaneka PHBHTMP3HB-co-3HHx
Mango MaterialsRedwood City, USA California,YOPP PHANot specified PHA
NafigatePrague, Czech RepublicHydalP3HB
NaturePlastArago, FrancePHANot specified PHA
Newlight TechnologiesIrvine, CA, USAAirCarbonTMNot specified PHA
RWDC IndustriesSingapore, SingaporeSolonNot specified PHA
Shenzhen Ecomann nology Biotech-Shandong, ChinaAmBioNot specified PHA
SIRIMSelangor, MalaysiaPHANot specified PHA
TAIF GroupTatarstan, Russian FederationPHANot specified PHA
TEPHAMassachusetts, USATephaflex, TephElasNot specified PHA
TianAn Biological MaterialsZhejiang, ChinaENMATP3HB and P3HBV
Tianjin Green-BioTaijin, ChinaSogreenNot specified PHA, e.g. P3H-B-co-4HB

Additive manufacturing technologies used for processing of polymers

3D printing technologyPrinciplePolymerPhysical form
Stereolithography (SL)Photopolymerization (radiation curing reaction of polymer in successive layers)Liquid photosensitive polymerLiquid
Selective laser sintering (SLS)Steered powder bed fusion by CO2 laser beam (deposition of layer by layer sequence meshes, sintering and solidification)ThermoplasticsPowder
Fused deposition modeling (FDM)Extrusion of the molten filament (gradual deposition of layers and solidification)ThermoplasticsFilament
3D BioprintingExtrusion of the molten (or dissolved) polymer and deposition of layers through syringes or cartridges and consequent solidificationBiomaterials with required viscosity and flowabilityGranules, paste or gel materials
Material jetting (MJ)The charged droplets are steered released by the nozzle on the substrate (solidification depends on the type of polymer compound, e.g., under UV light)Various polymer solutions with the required viscosity (photopolymer or thermoplastics)Ink

Thermal and mechanical properties of the selected commercial PHAs (10, 11, 12, 13), n – data were unlisted by the company

PolymerTrade nameCompanyMelt temperature (°C)Tensile strength (MPa)Elongation at break (%)Modulus (MPa)
P3HBBiomer P226Biomer, Germany18025.5n1520
P3HBVEnmat Y1000PTianAn Biological Materials, China170 - 1763922800 - 3500
P3HB-co-3HHxPHBH X 151 AKaneka Corporation, Japan12626320950
P3HB-co-4HBSogreenTianjin Green-Bio, China11014775n
eISSN:
2564-615X
Idioma:
Inglés
Calendario de la edición:
4 veces al año
Temas de la revista:
Life Sciences, Genetics, Biotechnology, Bioinformatics, other
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