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Solid-state fermentation of paper sludge to obtain spores of the fungus Trichoderma asperellum

Rosa Dorta-Vásquez
Rosa Dorta-Vásquez
, 
Oscar Valbuena
Oscar Valbuena
 y 
Domenico Pavone-Maniscalco
Domenico Pavone-Maniscalco
   | 24 abr 2019
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Article Category: Research Article
Publicado en línea: 24 abr 2019
Páginas: 71 - 77
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ebtj-2019-0008
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© 2019 Rosa Dorta-Vásquez, Oscar Valbuena, Domenico Pavone-Maniscalco, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Figure 1

Water adsorption isotherm for papermaking sludge at 27 °C.
Water adsorption isotherm for papermaking sludge at 27 °C.

Figure 2

Spore yield of T. asperellum at different water contents on PS. 3% (w/w) mineral salts (NP/NK). Substrate was sterilized (121 ºC/15 min) and inoculated with 106 spores/g). Treatments with the same letter indicate no significant differences.
Spore yield of T. asperellum at different water contents on PS. 3% (w/w) mineral salts (NP/NK). Substrate was sterilized (121 ºC/15 min) and inoculated with 106 spores/g). Treatments with the same letter indicate no significant differences.

Figure 3

Spore yield of T. asperellum at different salt concentrations and PS as carbon source. Substrate was hydrated at 60 %, sterilized (121 ºC/15 min) and inoculated with 106 spores/g. Treatments with the same letter indicate no significant differences.
Spore yield of T. asperellum at different salt concentrations and PS as carbon source. Substrate was hydrated at 60 %, sterilized (121 ºC/15 min) and inoculated with 106 spores/g. Treatments with the same letter indicate no significant differences.

Figure 4

Spore yield of T. asperellum using different inoculum concentrations. Substrate was hydrated at 60 %, sterilized (121 ºC/15 min) and 3% w/w salt content (NP/NK) . Treatments with the same letter indicate no significant differences.
Spore yield of T. asperellum using different inoculum concentrations. Substrate was hydrated at 60 %, sterilized (121 ºC/15 min) and 3% w/w salt content (NP/NK) . Treatments with the same letter indicate no significant differences.

Figure 5

Spore yield of T. asperellum using different heat treatments. Substrate was hydrated at 60 %, inoculated with 106 spores/g and 3 % w/w salt content (NP/NK). Treatments with the same letter indicate no significant differences. A: Non-sterile PS dried at 60 ºC; B: Sterilized PS (121ºC/15 min) previously dried at 60 ºC; C: Pasteurized PS (100 ºC/30 min) previously dried at 60ºC; D: Air dried PS without sterilization; E: Non processed PS.
Spore yield of T. asperellum using different heat treatments. Substrate was hydrated at 60 %, inoculated with 106 spores/g and 3 % w/w salt content (NP/NK). Treatments with the same letter indicate no significant differences. A: Non-sterile PS dried at 60 ºC; B: Sterilized PS (121ºC/15 min) previously dried at 60 ºC; C: Pasteurized PS (100 ºC/30 min) previously dried at 60ºC; D: Air dried PS without sterilization; E: Non processed PS.

Composition of soluble agricultural fertilizers Nutrisol P® and Nutrisol K®

ComponentNutrisol P® (% w/w)Nutrisol K® (% w/w)
N1612
P205402
K20040
MgO0.20.5
S0.40.77
Cu0.020.02
Zn0.10.1
Fe0.030.03
Mn0.050.05
B0.040.04
Mo0.0050.005

Aerial and root dry biomass of C. anuum seedlings

TreatmentAerial dry mass (mg)Root dry mass (mg)
(A) Soil4.62 ± 0.22c2.11 ± 0.11b
(B) Soil + Sterilized PS (SPS)6.29 ± 1.21b (1.36)3.28 ± 0.67b (1.55)
(C) Soil + Fermented PPS (FPS)7.07 ± 0.26b (1.53)3.76 ± 0.15b (1.78)
(D) Seed + TV190, without PS14.42 ± 1.54a (3.12)6.39 ± 0.54a (3.03)
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