The paper compares recent and known literature records of mosses from genera Orthotrichum and Nyholmiella in Crimean Peninsula (Ukraine). Field survey was carried out during botanical expedition to Crimean Peninsula in southern Ukraine in 2012. Total 11 species of the genus Orthotrichum and 1 of Nyholmiella were recorded. Among the most interesting taxa, O. lyellii as new species for Crimean Peninsula and O. affine var. bohemicum as new species for Ukraine, could be considered.