Europeanization by European Parliament Political Groups: The Case of Latvia 2004-2019

1. Akule, Dace. “The Europeanization of Latvia: Becoming good Europeans?” Providus (2007) // http://providus.lv/article_files/1286/original/Akule_v1.pdf?1328603457. Search in Google Scholar

2. Apvienība “Tēvzemei un Brīvībai”/LNNK (Alliance “For Fatherhood and Freedom”/LNNK). “Apvienības ‘Tēvzemei un Brīvībai’/LNNK 9. Saeimas priekšvēlēšanu programma” (Alliance ‘For Fatherhood and Freedom’/LNNK Pre-election Programme of 9^th Saeima Election) // http://www.tb.lv/id-9-saeimas-velesanas/articles/id-9-saeimasprieksvelesanu-4000-zimju-programma. Search in Google Scholar

3. Börzel, Tanja A., and Thomas Risse. “Conceptualizing the Domestic Impact of Europe”: 57–80. In: Kevin Featherstone and Claudio M. Radaelli, eds. The Politics of Europeanization. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Search in Google Scholar

4. Bukovskis, Kārlis, and Elizabete Vizgunova. “The Europeanisation of Latvia’s Direct Democracy: Not There Yet, Direct Democracy in the EU”: 296–320. In: Steven Blockmans and Sophia Russack, eds. The Myth of a Citizens’ Union. Brussels and London: CEPS and Rowman & Littlefield International, 2018 // http://aei.pitt.edu/94991/1/EU_Direct_Democracy_CEPS_RLI_paperback_Blockmans_Russack.pdf. Search in Google Scholar

5. Bukovskis, Kārlis. “Ziemeļvalstu privāto banku ietekme uz Latvijas iestāšanās Eiropas Savienībā procesu no 1995. līdz 2004. gadam” (Impact of the Nordic Private Banks on Latvia’s Accession to the European Union from 1995 to 2004). Rīgas Stradiņa universitātes Zinātniskie raksti 2017 (Scientific Articles of Rīga Stradiņš University 2017) (2018): 53–60. Search in Google Scholar

6. Caramani, Daniele. “The Europeanization of electoral politics: An analysis of converging voting distributions in 30 European Party Systems, 1970–2008.” Party Politics 18(6) (2011): 803–823.10.1177/1354068810389640 Search in Google Scholar

7. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “13. Saeimas vēlēšanas. 1. ‘Latvijas Krievu savienība’” (13^th Saeima Election. 1. ‘Latvian Russian Union’) // https://sv2018.cvk.lv/pub/CandidateLists/CandidateList?id=DN5vWqSOS8KQeMlHjPzmqA%3D%3D. Search in Google Scholar

8. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “13. Saeimas vēlēšanas. 13. Jaunā VIENOTĪBA” (13^th Saeima Election. 13. New UNITY) // https://sv2018.cvk.lv/pub/CandidateLists/CandidateList?id=OsZ8k8LdxvFTNYno4Tf1Ww%3D%3D. Search in Google Scholar

9. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “13. Saeimas vēlēšanas. 4. Nacionālā apvienība ‘Visu Latvijai!’-‘Tēvzemei un Brīvībai/LNNK’” (13^th Saeima Election. 4. National Alliance ‘Everything for Latvia!’ – ‘For Fatherhood and Freedom/LNNK’) // https://sv2018.cvk.lv/pub/CandidateLists/CandidateList?id=axC8x4iKXxa2gCU9m7iC2A%3D%3D. Search in Google Scholar

10. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “2009.gada Eiropas Parlamenta vēlēšanas. Balsis par kandidātiem” (2009 Election of the European Parliament. Votes on the Candidates) // https://www.cvk.lv/cgibin/wdbcgiw/base/eiro9.Veles9_Rezult.pers_statist?sec=7. Search in Google Scholar

11. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “2009.gada Eiropas Parlamenta vēlēšanu rezultāti” (Results of the 2009 European Parliament Election) // https://www.cvk.lv/cgi-bin/wdbcgiw/base/eiro9.veles9_rezult.sak. Search in Google Scholar

12. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “2014. gada 24. maija Eiropas Parlamenta vēlēšanu deputātu kandidātu saraksti” (Lists of the Candidates of May 24, 2014 European Parliament Election) // http://ep2014.cvk.lv/saraksti/. Search in Google Scholar

13. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “2014. gada 24. maija Eiropas Parlamenta vēlēšanu deputātu kandidātu saraksti. ‘Latvijas Krievu savienība’” (Candidate Lists of European Parliament Election of May 24, 2014. ‘Latvian Russian Union’) // http://ep2014.cvk.lv/saraksti/b2c4844d50.html. Search in Google Scholar

14. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “2014. gada 24. maija Eiropas Parlamenta vēlēšanu deputātu kandidātu saraksti. Nacionālā apvienība ‘Visu Latvijai!’–‘Tēvzemei un Brīvībai/LNNK’” (Candidate Lists of European Parliament Election of May 24, 2014. National Alliance ‘Everything for Latvia!’–‘For Fatherhood and Freedom/LNNK’) // http://ep2014.cvk.lv/saraksti/dfd6b39247.html. Search in Google Scholar

15. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “2014. gada 24. maija Eiropas Parlamenta vēlēšanu deputātu kandidātu saraksti. Partija ‘VIENOTĪBA’” (Candidate Lists of European Parliament Election of May 24, 2014. Party ‘UNITY’) // http://ep2014.cvk.lv/saraksti/bda1035237.html. Search in Google Scholar

16. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “2014. gada 4. oktobra 12. Saeimas vēlēšanu deputātu kandidātu saraksti. 10. ‘Latvijas Krievu savienība’” (Candidate Lists of 12^th Saeima Election of October 4, 2014. 10. ‘Latvian Russian Union’) // http://sv2014.cvk.lv/saraksti/d9c8c88b78.html. Search in Google Scholar

17. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “2014. gada 4. oktobra 12. Saeimas vēlēšanu deputātu kandidātu saraksti. 7. Nacionālā apvienība ‘Visu Latvijai!’–‘Tēvzemei un Brīvībai/LNNK’” (Candidate’s List of 12^th Saeima Election of October 4, 2014. 7. National Alliance ‘Everything for Latvia!’–‘For Fatherhood and Freedom/LNNK’) // http://sv2014.cvk.lv/saraksti/d1c00ea367.html. Search in Google Scholar

18. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “2014. gada 4. oktobra 12. Saeimas vēlēšanu deputātu kandidātu saraksti. 4. Partija ‘VIENOTĪBA’” (Candidates’ List of 12^th Saeima Election of October 4, 2014. 4. Party ‘UNITY’) // http://sv2014.cvk.lv/saraksti/bf9f085446.html. Search in Google Scholar

19. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “Apvienība ‘Tēvzemei un Brīvībai’/LNNK priekšvēlēšanu programma 2004.gada Eiropas Parlamenta vēlēšanām” (Pre-election programme Alliance ‘For Fatherhood and Freedom’/LNNK for 2004 European Parliament Election) // https://www.cvk.lv/cgi-bin/wdbcgiw/base/eiro.ekand.programma?NR1=3. Search in Google Scholar

20. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “Apvienība ‘Tēvzemei un Brīvībai’/LNNK priekšvēlēšanu programma 2009.gada Eiropas Parlamenta vēlēšanām” (Alliance ‘For Fatherhood and Freedom’/LNNK Pre-election programme of 2009 European Parliament Election) // https://www.cvk.lv/cgibin/wdbcgiw/base/eiro9.EiroKand09.programma?NR1=1. Search in Google Scholar

21. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “Balsis par kandidātiem” (Votes on the Candidates) // https://www.cvk.lv/cgibin/wdbcgiw/base/EIRO.veles_Rez04c.pers_statist?sec=7. Search in Google Scholar

22. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “Eiropas Parlamenta vēlēšanas 2014” (2014 Election of the European Parliament) // http://ep2014.cvk.lv/. Search in Google Scholar

23. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “EIROPAS PARLAMENTA VĒLĒŠANAS. 1. ‘Latvijas Krievu savienība’” (EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT ELECTION. 1. ‘Latvian Russian Union’) // https://epv2019.cvk.lv/pub/kandidatu-saraksti/latvijas-krievu-savieniba. Search in Google Scholar

24. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “EIROPAS PARLAMENTA VĒLĒŠANAS. 11. Nacionālā apvienība ‘Visu Latvijai!’–‘Tēvzemei un Brīvībai/LNNK’” (EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT ELECTION. 11. National Alliance ‘Everything for Latvia!’–‘For Fatherhood and Freedom/LNNK’) // https://epv2019.cvk.lv/pub/kandidatu-saraksti/nacionala-apvieniba-visulatvijai-tevzemei-un-brivibai-lnnk. Search in Google Scholar

25. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “EIROPAS PARLAMENTA VĒLĒŠANAS. 16. Jaunā VIENOTĪBA” (EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT ELECTION. 16. New UNITY) // https://epv2019.cvk.lv/pub/kandidatu-saraksti/jauna-vienotiba. Search in Google Scholar

26. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “Eiropas Parlamenta vēlēšanu rezultāti” (Results of the Election of the European Parliament) // https://www.cvk.lv/cgi-bin/wdbcgiw/base/eiro.veles_rez04c.sak. Search in Google Scholar

27. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). Eiropas Parlamenta un pašvaldību vēlēšanas 2009. gada 6. jūnijā (Election of the European Parliament and Municipalities of June 6, 2009) // https://www.cvk.lv/upload_file/EPunpasvaldibuvelesanurezultatugramata2009.pdf. Search in Google Scholar

28. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “‘Jaunais laiks’ priekšvēlēšanu programma 2004.gada Eiropas Parlamenta vēlēšanām” (‘New Era’ Pre-election Programme of 2004 European Parliament Election) // https://www.cvk.lv/cgi-bin/wdbcgiw/base/eiro.ekand.programma?NR1=8. Search in Google Scholar

29. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “‘Jaunais laiks’ priekšvēlēšanu programma 2009.gada Eiropas Parlamenta vēlēšanām” (‘New Era’ Pre-Election Programme of 2009 European Parliament Election) // https://www.cvk.lv/cgibin/wdbcgiw/base/eiro9.EiroKand09.programma?NR1=4. Search in Google Scholar

30. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “Nacionālā apvienība ‘Visu Latvijai!’–‘Tēvzemei un Brīvībai/LNNK’ priekšvēlēšanu programma. 2010.gada 2.oktobra 10.Saeimas vēlēšanas” (National Alliance ‘Everything for Latvia!’–‘For Fatherhood and Freedom/LNNK’ Pre-election programme. 10^th Saeima Election of October 2, 2010) // https://www.cvk.lv/cgibin/wdbcgiw/base/komisijas2010.CVKAND10.progr?NR=10. Search in Google Scholar

31. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “Nacionālā apvienība ‘Visu Latvijai!’–‘Tēvzemei un Brīvībai/LNNK’ priekšvēlēšanu programma. 2011.gada 17.septembra 11.Saeimas vēlēšanas” (National Alliance ‘Everything for Latvia!’–‘For Fatherhood and Freedom/LNNK’ Pre-election programme. 11^th Saeima Election of September 17, 2011) // https://www.cvk.lv/cgibin/wdbcgiw/base/komisijas2010.CVKAND11.progr?NR=4. Search in Google Scholar

32. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “Partija ‘Visu Latvijai!’ priekšvēlēšanu programma 2009.gada Eiropas Parlamenta vēlēšanām” (Party ‘Everything for Latvia!’ Pre-election Programme for 2009 European Parliament Election”) // https://www.cvk.lv/cgibin/wdbcgiw/base/eiro9.EiroKand09.programma?NR1=17. Search in Google Scholar

33. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “‘PCTVL - Par cilvēka tiesībām vienotā Latvijā’ priekšvēlēšanu programma. 2009.gada Eiropas Parlamenta vēlēšanām” (‘PCTVL – For Human Rights in United Latvia’ Pre-election programme of 2009 European Parliament Election) // https://www.cvk.lv/cgibin/wdbcgiw/base/eiro9.EiroKand09.programma?NR1=14. Search in Google Scholar

34. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “‘PCTVL - Par cilvēka tiesībām vienotā Latvijā’ priekšvēlēšanu programma. 2010.gada 2.oktobra 10.Saeimas vēlēšanas” (Pre-election programme of ‘PCTVL – For Human Rights in United Latvia’. 10^th Saeima Election, October 2, 2010”) // https://www.cvk.lv/cgibin/wdbcgiw/base/komisijas2010.CVKAND10.progr?NR=2. Search in Google Scholar

35. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “‘PCTVL-Par cilvēka tiesībām vienotā Latvijā’ priekšvēlēšanu programma. 2011.gada 17.septembra 11.Saeimas vēlēšanas” (Pre-election programme of ‘PCTVL – For Human Rights in United Latvia’. 11^th Saeima Election of September 17, 2011) // https://www.cvk.lv/cgibin/wdbcgiw/base/komisijas2010.CVKAND11.progr?NR=7. Search in Google Scholar

36. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “‘Pilsoniskā savienība’ priekšvēlēšanu programma 2009.gada Eiropas Parlamenta vēlēšanām” (Pre-election Programme of ‘Civic Union’ of 2009 European Parliament Election) // https://www.cvk.lv/cgibin/wdbcgiw/base/eiro9.EiroKand09.programma?NR1=3. Search in Google Scholar

37. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “Politisko organizāciju apvienība ‘Par cilvēka tiesībām vienotā Latvijā’ priekšvēlēšanu programma 2004.gada Eiropas Parlamenta vēlēšanām” (Pre-election programme of Union of Political Organizations ‘PCTVL – For Human Rights in United Latvia’ for 2004 European Parliament Election) // https://www.cvk.lv/cgi-bin/wdbcgiw/base/eiro.ekand.programma?NR1=2. Search in Google Scholar

38. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “VIENOTĪBA priekšvēlēšanu programma. 2010.gada 2.oktobra 10.Saeimas vēlēšanas” (Pre-election Programme of UNITY. 10^th Saeima Election of October 2, 2010) // https://www.cvk.lv/cgibin/wdbcgiw/base/komisijas2010.CVKAND10.progr?NR=5. Search in Google Scholar

39. Centrālā vēlēšanu komisija (Central Election Commission). “VIENOTĪBA priekšvēlēšanu programma. 2011.gada 17.septembra 11.Saeimas vēlēšanas” (Pre-election Programme of UNITY. 11^th Saeima Election of September 17, 2011) // https://www.cvk.lv/cgibin/wdbcgiw/base/komisijas2010.CVKAND11.progr?NR=2. Search in Google Scholar

40. Delsoldato, Giorgia. “Eastward Enlargement by the European Union and Transnational Parties.” International Political Science Review 23(3) (2002): 269–289.10.1177/0192512102023003004 Search in Google Scholar

41. Eihmanis, Edgars. “Latvia and the European Union.” Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics. The Oxford Encyclopedia of European Union Politics (2019) // https://oxfordre.com/politics/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.001.0001/acrefore-9780190228637-e-1039#acrefore-9780190228637-e-1039-div1-4. Search in Google Scholar

42. Eiropas Parlaments, Birojs Latvijā (European Parliament, Office in Latvia). “Eiropas Parlamenta iepriekšējie sasaukumi” (Previous Terms of the European Parliament) // https://www.europarl.europa.eu/latvia/lv/latvijas-deputti/ep_ieprieksejais_sasaukums_2004-2009.html. Search in Google Scholar

43. European Parliament. “Alexander MIRSKY” // https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/96999/ALEXANDER_MIRSKY/history/7. Search in Google Scholar

44. European Parliament. “Alfreds RUBIKS” // https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/96988/ALFREDS_RUBIKS/history/7. Search in Google Scholar

45. European Parliament. “Iveta GRIGULE-PĒTERSE” // https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/124745/IVETA_GRIGULEPETERSE/history/8. Search in Google Scholar

46. Johansson, Karl M. “External Legitimization and Standardization of National Political Parties: The Case of Estonian Social Democracy.” Journal of Baltic Studies 39(2) (2008): 157–183.10.1080/01629770802031234 Search in Google Scholar

47. Ladrech, Robert. “Europeanization and Political Parties.” Living Reviews in European Governance 4(1) (2009) // http://europeangovernance-livingreviews.org/Articles/lreg-2009-1. Search in Google Scholar

48. Ladrech, Robert. “Europeanization of Domestic Politics and Institutions: The Case of France.” Journal of Common Market Studies 32(1) (1994): 69–88.10.1111/j.1468-5965.1994.tb00485.x Search in Google Scholar

49. Latvijas Sabiedriskie mediji (Public Broadcasting of Latvia). “Ušakovs: ‘Saskaņas’ līgums ar ‘Vienoto Krieviju’ vairs nav aktuāls” (Ušakovs: Agreement between ‘Unity’ and ‘United Russia’ is no More Relevant) // https://www.lsm.lv/raksts/zinas/latvija/usakovs-saskanas-ligums-ar-vienotokrieviju-vairs-nav-aktuals.a252978/. Search in Google Scholar

50. Latvijas Vēstnesis (Official Gazette of Latvia). “Jaunais Laiks 9.Saeimas priekšvēlēšanu programma” (9^th Saeima Pre-election Programme of New Era) // https://www.vestnesis.lv/ta/id/142503. Search in Google Scholar

51. Latvijas Vēstnesis (Official Gazette of Latvia). “PCTVL priekšvēlēšanu programma” (Pre-election Programme of PCTVL) // https://www.vestnesis.lv/ta/id/141749. Search in Google Scholar

52. Latvijas Zemnieku savienība (Union of Latvian Farmers). “Latvijas Zemnieku savienības valde izslēdz Ivetu Griguli no LZS biedru saraksta” (The Board of Latvian Farmers’ Union Expels Iveta Grigule From Members’ List) // http://www.lzs.lv/aktualitates/latvijas-zemnieku-savienibas-valde-izsledzivetu-griguli-no-lzs-biedru-saraksta. Search in Google Scholar

53. Mair, Peter. “Political Parties and Party Systems”: 154–166. In: Paolo Graziano and Maarten P. Vink, eds. Europeanization. New Research Agendas. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008. Search in Google Scholar

54. Mair, Peter. “Popular Democracy and the European Union Polity.” European Governance Papers C-05-03 (2005). Search in Google Scholar

55. Mair, Peter. “The Europeanization Dimension.” Journal of European Public Policy 11(2) (2004): 337–348.10.1080/1350176042000194476 Search in Google Scholar

56. Mair, Peter. “The limited impact of Europe on national party systems.” West European Politics 23(4) (2000): 27–51.10.1080/01402380008425399 Search in Google Scholar

57. Mamikins, Andrejs. “Mamikins pametis Saskaņu, jo apnikuši Ušakova meli un partijas divkosība” (Mamikins Has Left Saskaņa Because of Getting Tired of Lies of Ušakovs and Hypocrisy of the Party) // https://twitter.com/andrejsmamikins/status/980885555893473280. Search in Google Scholar

58. Neundorf, Anja, and Kaat Smets. “Political Socialization and the Making of Citizens.” Oxford Handbooks Online (2017) // https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935307.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199935307-e-98. Search in Google Scholar

59. O’Dwyer, Conor. “Reforming Regional Governance in East Central Europe: Europeanization or Domestic Politics as Usual?” East European Politics and Societies (20)2 (2006): 219–253.10.1177/0888325404271286 Search in Google Scholar

60. Ozoliņa, Žaneta, and Tālis Tisenkopfs. “Eiropeizācijas sociālie un politiskie procesi mūsdienu Latvijā”: (Social and Political Processes of Europeanization in Contemporary Latvia): 8–22. In: Žaneta Ozoliņa and Tālis Tisenkopfs, eds. Latvija eiropeizācijas krustceļos (Latvia in the Crossroads of Europeanization). Lavijas Universitātes Akadēmiskais apgāds, 2005. Search in Google Scholar

61. Pennings, Paul. “An Empirical Analysis of the Europeanization of National Party Manifestos, 1960–2003.” European Union Politics 7(2) (2006): 257–270.10.1177/1465116506063716 Search in Google Scholar

62. Radaelli, Claudio M. “Europeanisation: Solution or problem?” European Integration online Papers 8(16) (2004) // https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=601163. Search in Google Scholar

63. Radaelli, Claudio M. “Whither Europeanization? Concept Stretching and Substantive Change.” European Integration online Papers 4(8) (2000) // https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=302761. Search in Google Scholar

64. Schimmelfennig, Frank, and Ulrich Sedelmeier. “Governance by conditionality: EU rule transfer to the candidate countries of Central and Eastern Europe.” Journal of European Public Policy 11(4) (2004): 661–679.10.1080/1350176042000248089 Search in Google Scholar

65. Schimmelfennig, Frank. “EU political accession conditionality after the 2004 enlargement: consistency and effectiveness.” Journal of European Public Policy 15(6) (2008): 918–937.10.1080/13501760802196861 Search in Google Scholar

66. Sedelmeier, Ulrich. “After conditionality: post-accession compliance with EU law in East Central Europe.” Journal of European Public Policy 15(6) (2008): 806–825.10.1080/13501760802196549 Search in Google Scholar

67. Vachudova, Milada A. “Tempered by the EU? Political parties and party systems before and after accession.” Journal of European Public Policy 15(6) (2008): 861–879.10.1080/13501760802196614 Search in Google Scholar