[[1] Agbenin, O. N. (2004), Potentials of organic amendments in the control of plant parasitic nematodes. Plant Protection Science 40(1), 21–25.10.17221/1351-PPS]Search in Google Scholar
[[2] Agrios, G. N. (2005), Introduction to Plant Pathology (5th edition), Elsevier Academic Press Publication.10.1016/B978-0-08-047378-9.50007-5]Search in Google Scholar
[[3] Agu, C. M. (2008), Effects of organic manure types on root-gall nematode disease and African yam bean yield. The Journal of American Science 4(1), 67–77.]Search in Google Scholar
[[4] Ahmed, A. I. (2008), Cucumber root-knot nematodes disease in Erbil province and its certain control methods. M.Sc. thesis, College of Agriculture, University of Salahaddin, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq (in Arabic).]Search in Google Scholar
[[5] Akyazi, F., Han, H., Cetintas, R., Felek, A. F. (2012), First report of root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne arenaria and M. Hapla (Nemata: Meloidogynidae) from pepino in Turkey. Nematologia Mediterranea 40, 107–110.]Search in Google Scholar
[[6] Ami, S. N. (1985), Studies on ecology and biology of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) and its effect on tomato plant in north of Iraq. M.Sc. thesis, College of Agriculture and Forestry, Mosul University (in Arabic).]Search in Google Scholar
[[7] Ami, S. N., Al-Sabie, R. F. (1989), Study the population density of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne spp. on tomato fields in northern Iraq. Mesopotamia Journal of Agriculture 21(2), 301–321 (in Arabic).]Search in Google Scholar
[[8] Bowles, J. E. (1984), Physical and geotechnical properties of soils. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York. 241–276.]Search in Google Scholar
[[9] Charegani, H., Majzoob, S., Hamzehzarghani, H., Karegar-Bide, A. (2012), Effect of various initial population densities of two species of Meloidogyne on growth of tomato and cucumber in greenhouse. Nematologia Mediterranea 40(2), 129–134.]Search in Google Scholar
[[10] Chaudhary, K. K., Brhane, D., Okube, H., Zaid, T., Dagnew, E. (2011), Distribution, frequency of occurrence and population density of root knot nematode in Hamelmalo eritrea. African Journal of Microbiology Research 5, 5656–5661.10.5897/AJMR11.809]Search in Google Scholar
[[11] Coyne, D. L., Nicol, J. M., Claudius-Cole, B. (2007), Practical plant nematology: A field and laboratory guide. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA).]Search in Google Scholar
[[12] Dropkin, V. H. (1980), Introduction to plant nematology. John Wily and Sons, New York.]Search in Google Scholar
[[13] Hussain, M. A. (2011), Studies on biology, distribution and management of Meloidogyne spp. on Okra. Ph.D. dissertation, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.]Search in Google Scholar
[[14] Hussain, M. A., Mukhtar, T. A. R. I. Q., Kayani, M. Z., Aslam, M. N., Haque, M. I. (2012), A survey of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) in the Punjab province of Pakistan for the determination of prevalence, incidence and severity of root-knot disease caused by Meloidogyne spp. Pakistan Journal of Botany 44(6), 2071–2075.]Search in Google Scholar
[[15] Ismail, M., Anwar, S. A., Riaz, A. (2012), Incidence of Meloidogyne incognita in cucumber fields. Pakistan Journal of Zoology 44(5), 1383–1387.]Search in Google Scholar
[[16] Kago, E. K., Kinyua, Z. M., Okemo, P. O., Maingi, J. M. (2013), Efficacy of Brassica Tissue and Chalim TM on Control of Plant Parasitic Nematodes. Journal of Biology 1(1): 25–32.]Search in Google Scholar
[[17] Karajeh, M. R., Al-Nasir, F. M. (2014), Field utilization of nitrogen fertilizers for controlling root-knot nematode and improving growth and yield of cucumber. International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 4(1), 34–40.]Search in Google Scholar
[[18] Kayani, M. Z., Mukhtar, T., Hussain, M. A., Haque, M. I., Perveen, R. (2012), Incidence and severity of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) on cucumber in district Rawalpindi. Pakistan Journal of Phytopathology 24(2), 122–128.]Search in Google Scholar
[[19] Kumar, N., Adamu, M. A., Isah, K. M., Lawal, A. F. (2014), A survey of vegetable fields for root-gall disease in Niger State, Nigeria. PAT 10(1), 17–27.]Search in Google Scholar
[[20] Lower, R. L., Edwards, M. D. (1986), Cucumber breeding. In: M. J. Basset (ed.), Breeding vegetables crops. Westport, Connecticut USA: AVI Publishing Co. 173–203.]Search in Google Scholar
[[21] Madulu, J., Trudgill, D. L. (1994), Influence of temperature on Meloidogyne javanica. Nematologica 40, 230–243.10.1163/003525994X00157]Search in Google Scholar
[[22] Naz, I., Palomares-Rius, J. E., Blok, V., Saifullah, Ali, S., Ahmed, M. (2012), Prevalence, incidence and molecular identification of root-knot nematodes of tomato in Pakistan. African Journal of Biotechnology 11, 16546–16556.]Search in Google Scholar
[[23] Nelson, D. W., Sommers, L. E. (1982), Total carbon, organic carbon and organic matter. In: Page, A. L., Miller, R. H., Keeney, D. R. (eds.), Methods of soil analysis. Part 2: Chemical and microbiological properties. Agron. Monogr. 9. ASA, Madison, WI. 539–580.10.2134/agronmonogr9.2.2ed.c29]Search in Google Scholar
[[24] Netscher, C. (1985), A crop rotation to control root-knot nematodes in the tropics. International Nematology Network Newsletter 2(1), 5–14.]Search in Google Scholar
[[25] Ogumo, E. (2014), Use of eco-friendly strategies in suppression of root-knot nematodes in French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in Kenya. M.Sc. thesis, University of Nairobi.]Search in Google Scholar
[[26] Olabiyi, T. I., Olayiwola, A. O., Oyediran, G. O. (2009), Influence of soil textures on distribution of phytonematodes in the south western Nigeria. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences 5(5), 557–560.]Search in Google Scholar
[[27] Park, S. D.; Khan, Z., Yeon, K., Kim, Y. H. (2005), A survey for plant-parasitic nematodes associated with strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) crop in Korea. Plant Pathology Journal 21, 387–390.10.5423/PPJ.2005.21.4.387]Search in Google Scholar
[[28] Pokharel, R. R., Larsen, H., Hammon, B., Gourd, T., Bartolo, M. (2008), Plant parasitic nematodes, soil and root health of Colorado onion fields. Colorado State University Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Report TR 09–12. 31–38.]Search in Google Scholar
[[29] Prot, J. C., Van Gundy, S. D. (1981), Effect of soil texture and the clay component on migration of Meloidogyne incognita second-stage juveniles. Journal of Nematology 13(2), 213–217.]Search in Google Scholar
[[30] Robinson, E. (2005), Soil type guides VR nematodes applications. Farm Press (http://www.deltafarmpress.com/mag/farming_soil_type_guides/index.html). 1–2.]Search in Google Scholar
[[31] Rowell, D. L. (1996), Soil science: Methods and applications. Longman Group UK Limited. 50–51.]Search in Google Scholar
[[32] SAS. (2001), SAS/STAT user’s guide, version 8.2. 1st printing. Vol. 2. SAS Institute Inc, SAS Campus Drive, Gray, North Carolina.]Search in Google Scholar
[[33] Selim, M. E., Mahdy, M. E., Sorial, M. E., Dababat, A. A., Sikora, R. A. (2014), Biological and chemical dependent systemic resistance and their significance for the control of root-knot nematodes. Nematology 16(8), 917–927.10.1163/15685411-00002818]Search in Google Scholar
[[34] Stanley, J. (2008), Biological comparison of four isolates of Meloidogyne floridensis from Florida. M.Sc. thesis. University of Florida.]Search in Google Scholar
[[35] Trudgill, D. L. (1995), An assessment of the relevance of thermal time relationships to nematology. Fund. Appl. Nematology 18, 407–417.]Search in Google Scholar
[[36] Van Bezooijen, J. (2006), Methods and techniques for nematology. Wageningen: Wageningen University.]Search in Google Scholar
[[37] Van Reeuwijk, L. R. (1995), Procedures for soil analysis: 3–8. 5th edition. International Soil Reference and Information Center. Technical Paper 9.]Search in Google Scholar
[[38] Wang, K. H., McSorley, R. (2005), Effects of soil ecosystem management on nematode pests, nutrient cycling and plant health. APS net. 1–16.10.1094/APSnetFeatures/2005-0105]Search in Google Scholar
[[39] Wehner, T. C., Guner N. (2004), Growth stage, flowering pattern, yield and harvest date prediction of four types of cucumber tested at 10 planting dates. In: J. D. McCreight, E. J. Ryder (eds.), Proc. XXVI IHC. Advances in Vegetable Breeding. Acta Hort. 637, 223–229.10.17660/ActaHortic.2004.637.27]Search in Google Scholar
