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Changing clear aligners every 10 days or 14 days ? A randomised controlled trial

Rui Zhao

Rui Zhao

  • State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, Sichuan Province, China
  • Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou, Henan province, China
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Zhao, Rui
, 
Li Mei

Li Mei

Discipline of Orthodontics, Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of OtagoDunedin, New Zealand
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Mei, Li
, 
Hu Long

Hu Long

State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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Long, Hu
, 
Fan Jian

Fan Jian

State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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Jian, Fan
 y 
Wenli Lai

Wenli Lai

State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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Lai, Wenli
  
27 ene 2023
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Publicado en línea: 27 ene 2023
Páginas: 1 - 12
Recibido: 01 ago 2022
Aceptado: 01 dic 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aoj-2023-0002
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© 2023 Rui Zhao et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1.

CONSORT flow chart showing subjects flow during the trial.
CONSORT flow chart showing subjects flow during the trial.

Figure 2.

Superimposition of the initial models and progress models based on the stable structure method (unmoved teeth in the ClinCheck) using the GEOMAGIC studio software. (a) Teeth designed not to be moved in ClinCheck were respectively separated from initial models and progress models (grey and purple coloured the second molars); (b) and (c) Registration of the unmoved teeth (second molars); (d) and (e) Final superimposition using the unmoved teeth (second molars) as reference.
Superimposition of the initial models and progress models based on the stable structure method (unmoved teeth in the ClinCheck) using the GEOMAGIC studio software. (a) Teeth designed not to be moved in ClinCheck were respectively separated from initial models and progress models (grey and purple coloured the second molars); (b) and (c) Registration of the unmoved teeth (second molars); (d) and (e) Final superimposition using the unmoved teeth (second molars) as reference.

Figure 3.

Measurement of OTM. (a) Molar distalization was measured at points of each cusp tip of molars; (b) Points of incisor edges were used to measure anterior retraction; (c) Measurement of anterior intrusion; (d) Lines of incisor edges were used to measure angle of anterior rotation; (e) Measurement of posterior expansion. CIE: central incisal edge; DIE: distal incisal edge; DVC: distal vestibular cusp tip; MVC: mesial vestibular cusp tip; MIE: mesial incisal edge; PC: palatal cusp tip; VC: vestibular cusp tip.
Measurement of OTM. (a) Molar distalization was measured at points of each cusp tip of molars; (b) Points of incisor edges were used to measure anterior retraction; (c) Measurement of anterior intrusion; (d) Lines of incisor edges were used to measure angle of anterior rotation; (e) Measurement of posterior expansion. CIE: central incisal edge; DIE: distal incisal edge; DVC: distal vestibular cusp tip; MVC: mesial vestibular cusp tip; MIE: mesial incisal edge; PC: palatal cusp tip; VC: vestibular cusp tip.

Figure 4.

Shell-to-shell deviation of OTM by using a whole surface best fit algorithm and colour-mapping methods in the GEOMAGIC studio software. Green represents no deviation; red represents a large and positive deviation; blue represents a small and negative deviation. The bigger the deviation is the more OTM stray from the ClinCheck.
Shell-to-shell deviation of OTM by using a whole surface best fit algorithm and colour-mapping methods in the GEOMAGIC studio software. Green represents no deviation; red represents a large and positive deviation; blue represents a small and negative deviation. The bigger the deviation is the more OTM stray from the ClinCheck.

Figure 5.

Shell-to-shell deviation of OTM (mean ± standard error) at Stage 8 (T1) and Stage 16 (T2) of the Invisalign treatment. There was no statistically significant difference between the 10-day group and 14-day group.
Shell-to-shell deviation of OTM (mean ± standard error) at Stage 8 (T1) and Stage 16 (T2) of the Invisalign treatment. There was no statistically significant difference between the 10-day group and 14-day group.

Figure 6.

Pain perception (VAS score, mean ± standard error) of the 10-day and 14-day groups was similar throughout the study.
Pain perception (VAS score, mean ± standard error) of the 10-day and 14-day groups was similar throughout the study.

Comparison of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) efficacy between 10-day and 14-day groups at stage 8 (T1) of the Invisalign treatment_

10-day group 14-day group
OTM N PredictedOTM Actual OTM Mean OTMefficacy SD N PredictedOTM Actual OTM Mean OTMefficacy SD P-value
Anterior intrusion 76 1.78 mm 1.34 mm 75.15% 13.20% 81 1.72 mm 1.26 mm 73.42% 13.92% 0.43
Anterior extrusion 17 1.69 mm 1.29 mm 76.63% 9.29% 14 1.78 mm 1.45 mm 81.26% 10.14% 0.19
Anterior proclination 69 7.44° 6.17° 82.90% 9.84% 63 6.81° 5.75° 84.46% 9.63% 0.36
Anterior retraction 23 1.85 mm 1.48 mm 80.10% 7.81% 16 1.84 mm 1.53 mm 83.46% 8.32% 0.21
Anterior derotation 29 8.31° 6.36° 76.55% 13.44% 22 7.76° 5.66° 72.94% 10.91% 0.31
Posterior expansion 22 1.62 mm 1.25 mm 77.58% 12.25% 18 1.57 mm 1.23 mm 78.50% 10.92% 0.81
Premolar derotation 11 6.74° 5.65° 83.78% 11.92% 9 7.32° 6.02° 82.20% 9.08% 0.75
Molar distal tipping 27 1.62 mm 1.3 mm 80.49% 9.59% 23 1.64 mm 1.27 mm 77.73% 12.93% 0.39
Posterior mesial tipping 8 1.52 mm 1.19 mm 78.88% 12.64% 12 1.79 mm 1.37 mm 76.71% 15.80% 0.75
Posterior intrusion 17 1.18 mm 0.95 mm 80.87% 7.26% 22 1.14 mm 0.93 mm 81.34% 7.48% 0.85

Baseline characteristics of participants included in the fina analysis_

10-day group(N = 33) 14-day group(N = 30)
Gender (N, %)
    Male 8 (24.24%) 6 (20.00%)
    Female 25 (75.76%) 24 (80.00%)
Age (N, %)
    ≤45 32 (96.97%) 28 (93.33%)
    >45 1 (3.03%) 2 (6.67%)
Malocclusion (N, %)
    Class I 14 (42.42%) 11 (36.67%)
    Class II 15 (45.45%) 13 (43.33%)
    Class III 4 (12.12%) 6 (20.00%)
Initial incisor irregularity(mean ± standard deviation) 6.38 ± 2.44 6.53 ± 2.08
Visual analog scale (VAS) score(mean ± standard deviation) 0.06 ± 0.18 0.08 ± 0.26

Comparison of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) efficacy between 10-day and 14-day groups at stage 16 (T2) of the Invisalign treatment_

10-day group 14-day group
OTM N PredictedOTM Actual OTM Mean OTMefficacy SD N PredictedOTM Actual OTM Mean OTMefficacy SD P-value
Anterior intrusion 100 2.09 mm 1.37 mm 65.66% 16.46% 93 1.93 mm 1.33 mm 69.09% 12.22% 0.09
Anterior extrusion 29 2.13 mm 1.41 66.15% 11.00% 26 2.06 mm 1.45 mm 70.25% 9.91% 0.15
Anterior proclination 72 11.95° 9.01° 75.40% 12.02% 66 11.42° 8.93° 78.23% 12.87% 0.18
Anterior retraction 51 2.14 mm 1.7 mm 79.58% 11.75% 43 2.12 mm 1.63 mm 76.92% 11.66% 0.28
Anterior derotation 41 9.52° 6.74° 70.80% 14.36% 35 9.14° 6.37° 69.73% 10.65% 0.75
Posterior expansion 29 1.84 mm 1.39 mm 75.63% 11.74% 38 1.97 mm 1.52 mm 77.00% 14.87% 0.66
Premolar derotation 16 7.57° 5.65° 74.66% 17.20% 19 8.54° 6.53° 76.46% 14.85% 0.75
Molar distal tipping 51 2.27 mm 1.76 mm 77.71% 11.74% 48 2.06 mm 1.57 mm 76.19% 10.88% 0.51
Posterior mesial tipping 12 1.83 mm 1.21 mm 65.72% 12.57% 17 1.91 mm 1.35 mm 70.92% 14.17% 0.32
Posterior intrusion 24 1.42 mm 1.04 mm 73.22% 9.67% 34 1.47 mm 1.12 mm 76.01% 10.11% 0.30
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