Effect of different liquids on APC flash-free ceramic bracket’s color stability, shear bond strength, and slot surface roughness
, y | 04 abr 2022
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Article Category: research-article
Publicado en línea: 04 abr 2022
Páginas: 145 - 152
Recibido: 01 feb 2022
Aceptado: 01 mar 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aoj-2022-0016
© 2022 Canbaz Çevik Şeyda et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Figure 1.
Liquids-related knowledges.
| Product | Ingredients | pH values | Immersion time of the samples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Coffee (Nescafe, Switzerland) | Soluble coffee | 5.0 | 72 hr |
| Coke (The Coca Cola Company, USA) | Water, sugar, carbon dioxide, colorant, cola extract, caffeine, acidity regulator (phosphoric acid) | 2.53 | 72 hr |
| Cherry juice (The Coca Cola Company Cappy, USA) | Water, Sugar, Cherry Juice Concentrate, Acidity Regulator (Citric Acid), Fruit and Vegetable Extract (Blueberry, Carrot), Flavorings. | 2.60 | 72 hr |
| Artificial gastric acid | 0.06 M HCL 0.113% solution in deionized water | 1.2 | 24 hr |
| Artificial saliva | 1.160 g/L sodium chloride, 0.600 g/L calcium chloride, 0.600 g/L potassium phosphate, 1.491 g/L potassium chloride, 0.050 g/L sodium fluoride | 6.93 | 72 hr |
Distribution of surface roughness values, shear bond strength, and ARI scores between groups.
| Group 1 Mean ± SD | Group 2 Mean ±SD | Group 3 Mean ±SD | Group 4 Mean ±SD | Group 5 Mean ±SD | Group 6 Mean ±SD | Group 7 Mean ±SD |
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Slot surface roughness (Ra) | 0.132 ± 0.009A | 0.146 ± 0.015A | 0,273 ± 0.031B | 0.267 ± 0.017B | 0.270 ± 0.038B | 0.289 ± 0.045B | 0.151 ± 0.022A | 0.03 |
| Shear bond strength (Mpa) | 19.94 ± 1.16A | 16.99 ± 2.67AB | 14.98 ± 2.10B | 15.44 ± 4.26AB | 14.26 ± 3.30B | 13.39 ± 3.49B | 16.75 ± 2.19AB | 0.01 |
| ARI scores | 1.40 ± 0.51A | 1.50 ± 0.70A | 1.60 ± 0.84A | 1.60 ± 0.69A | 1.70 ± 0.67A | 1.90 ± 0.73A | 1.60 ± 0.69A | 0.787 |
Definition of the groups.
| Groups | Experimental procedure |
|---|---|
| Group 1 ( |
No thermal cycle or staining liquids |
| Group 2 ( |
Only 10.000 thermal cycle (TC) |
| Group 3 ( |
TC + coke (72 hr) |
| Group 4 ( |
TC + coffee (72 hr) |
| Group 5 ( |
TC + cherry juice (72 hr) |
| Group 6 ( |
TC + gastric acid (24 hr) |
| Group 7 ( |
TC + artificial saliva (72 hr) |
Color change results for 24 hr immersion.
| Group 2 Mean ± SD | Group 3 Mean ± SD | Group 4 Mean ± SD | Group 5 Mean ± SD | Group 6 Mean ± SD | Group 7 Mean ± SD |
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ∆ |
1.28 ± 0.26AB | 2.79 ± 0.52CDEF | 2.43 ± 0.53CDE | 2.21 ± 0.41BCDE | 3.11 ± 0.28FC | 1.77 ± 0.29ABE | 0.001 |
Color change results for 72 hr immersion.
| Group 2 Mean |
Group 3 Mean |
Group 4 Mean |
Group 5 Mean |
Group 7 Mean |
P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ∆E values | 1.28 ± 0.26A | 5.07 ± 0.23C | 4.60 ± 0.34C | 3.30 ± 0.27B | 2,90 ± 0.19B | 0.001 |