Pig welfare and productivity in selected alternative systems. A niche market for pork

The keeping of pigs in free-range systems is widespread throughout the world, but its contribution to pig meat production is marginal; the scale of these systems varies and is adapted to different climatic and natural conditions. This system encourages the use of native pig breeds, which are more adapted to local conditions and can make better use of fibrous feedstuffs. Free-range pig production systems promote the concept of environmental, social, and economic sustainability. The animals are given the opportunity to express their natural behavior and thus improve and meet welfare requirements. Allowing pigs to explore pasture enriches their diet, which translates into higher obtainable meat and product values; these can be sold in niche markets, increasing the producers’ incomes. The development of such markets is linked to the choices of consumers who are willing to pay more for premium products. However, increasing the amount of fiber available in the pigs’ diet will mean that longer times are required to reach market weight. In summary, free-range production combines positive environmental practices, ensures biodiversity, protects natural resources, and, most importantly, ensures high welfare standards for pigs.