[Abrass C.K., O ’ Connor S.W., Scarpace P.J., Abrass I.B. (1985) Characterization of the P-adrenergic receptor of the rat peritoneal macrophage. J. Immunol., 135: 1338-1341.]Search in Google Scholar
[Ahima R.S., Harlan R.E. (1992). Glucocorticoid receptors in LHRH neurons. Neuroendocrinology, 56: 845-850.]Search in Google Scholar
[Ainann RP. (1993). Endocrine changes associated with onset of spennatogenesis in Holstein bulls.J. Dairy. Sei., 66: 2606-2622.]Search in Google Scholar
[Attardi B.. Tsujii T., Friedman R, Zeng Z., Roberts J.L., Dellovade T., Pfaff D.W., Chandran U.R, Sullivan M.W., Defranco D.B. (1997). Glucocorticoid repression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone gene expression and secretion in morphologically distinct subpopulations of GT1-7 cells. Mol. Cell EndocrinoL. 131: 241-255.]Search in Google Scholar
[Audhya T., Hollander C.S., Schlesinger D.H.. Hutchinson B. (1989). Structural char- acterization and localization of corticotropin-releasing factor in testis. Biochim Biophys. Acta. 995: 10-16.]Search in Google Scholar
[Bambino T.H., Hsu eh AJ. (1981). Direct inhibitor)' effect of glucocorticoids upon testicu- lar luteinizing hormone receptor and steroidogenesis in vno and in vitro. Endocrinology. 108: 2142-2148.]Search in Google Scholar
[Barracough C.A., Wi s e PM. (1982). The role of catecholamines in the regulation of pituitary luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone secretion. Endocr. Rev, 3: 91-119.]Search in Google Scholar
[Bernier M, Gibb W., Saez J.M., Collu R, Ducharme J.R (1984). The 3 beta-hydroxys- teroid dehydrogenase activity of cultured porcine Leydig cells in primary culture. Can. J. PhysioL Pharmacol.. 62:1300-1303.]Search in Google Scholar
[Bilezikjian L.M., Justice N.J., Blackier A.N.,Wiater E., Vale W.W. (2012). Cell-type specific modulation of pituitary cells by activin inhibin and follistatin. Mol. Cell Endocrinol.. 359: 43-52.]Search in Google Scholar
[Blanco A,Flores-Acuna F., Roldan-Villalobos R,Monterde J.G. (2002). Testicu- lar damage from anabolic treatments with the ß2-adrenergic agonist clenbuterol in pigs: a light and electron microscope study. Vet. J., 163: 292-298.]Search in Google Scholar
[Bohnsack B.L.. Szabo M.,Kilen S.M,Tam D.H., Schwartz N.B. (2000). Follistatin sup- presses steroid-enhanced follicle-stimulating hormone release in vitro in rats. Biol. Reprod.. 62: 636-641.]Search in Google Scholar
[Brandt Y.,LundeheimN.,Madej A.,Rodriguez-Martinez H.,Einarsson S.(2007). Effects of AC'TH injections during estrus on concentrations and patterns of progesterone. estradioL LH. and inhibin alpha and time of ovulation in the sow. Domest. Anim. Endocrinol., 32:122-137.]Search in Google Scholar
[Breen KM., K a r s c h F.J. (2004). Does cortisol inhibit pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion at the hypothalamic or pituitary level? Endocrinology. 145: 692-698.]Search in Google Scholar
[Breen KM,Davis T.L.,Doro L.C.,Nett T.M.,Oakley A.E.,Padmanabhan V.,Rispo-1 i LA., Wagenmaker E.R, K a r s c h F.J. (2008). Insight into the neuroendocrine site and cel- lular mechanism by which cortisol suppresses pituitary responsiveness to gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Endocrinology. 149: 767-773.]Search in Google Scholar
[Breen KM.Thackray V.G.,Hsu T.Mak-McCully RA.,Coss D.,Mellon PL.(2012). Stress levels of glucocorticoids inhibit LHß-subunit gene expression in gonadotrope cells. MoL Endocrinol., 26: 1716-1731.]Search in Google Scholar
[Breen KM., Mellon PL. (2014). Influence of stress-induced intermediates on gonadotropin gene expression in gonadotrope cells. Mol. Cell Endocrinol., 385: 71-77.]Search in Google Scholar
[Breuiller M,Tahri- Joutei A. Ferre F., Point is G. (1988). Beta-adrenergic receptors and stimulatory effects of (-) isoproterenol on testosterone production in fetal mouse Leydig cells. Bio- chem Biophys. Res. Commun., 151: 1454-1460.]Search in Google Scholar
[Briski KP (1995). Effects of peripheral versus central administration of the endogenous glucocorti- coid, corticosterone, and the glucocorticoid receptor agonist, RU 28362, on LH release in male rats.Brain Res., 670: 66-74.]Search in Google Scholar
[Brown S.W., Meyers RT.. Brennan KM., Rumble J.M, Narasimhachari N., Per- ozzi E.F., Ryan J.J., Stewart J.K, Fischer-Stenger K (2003). Catecholamines in a macrophage cell line. J. Neuroimmunol., 135: 47-55.]Search in Google Scholar
[Carroll RS.,Kowash P.M.,Lofgren JA., Schwall RH.,Chin W.W. (1991)./« vivo regu- lation of FSH synthesis by inhibin and activin Endocrinology, 129: 3299-3304.10.1210/endo-129-6-3299]Search in Google Scholar
[Chantaraprateep P,ThibierM. (1978). Effects of dexamethasone on the responses of luteiniz- ing hormone and testosterone to two injections of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone in young postpubertal bulls. J. EndocrinoL, 77: 389-395.]Search in Google Scholar
[Charpenet G., Tache Y., Bernier M.. Ducharme J.R, Collu R (1982). Stress-induced testicular hyposensitivity to gonadotropin in rats. Role of the pituitary gland. BioL Reprod.. 27: 616-623.]Search in Google Scholar
[Chichinadze K, Chichinadze N. (2008). Stress-induced increase of testosterone: contribu- tions of social status and sympathetic reactivity. Physiol. Behav. 94: 595-603.]Search in Google Scholar
[Chiocchio S.R, Suburo AM., Vladucic E., Zhu B.C., Charreau E., Decirna E.E., Tramezzani J.H. (1999). Differential effects of superior and inferior spermatic nerves on testos- terone secretion and spermatic blood flow in cats. Endocrinology, 140: 1036-1043.]Search in Google Scholar
[Clarke I.J., Pompolo S. (2005). Synthesis and secretion of GnRH. Anim. Reprod. Sei.. 88: 29-55.]Search in Google Scholar
[Collu R, Tache Y., Ducharme J.R (1979). Hormonal modifications induced by chronic stress in rats. J. Steroid. Biochem, 11: 989-1000.]Search in Google Scholar
[Cooke BA., Golding M., Dix C.J., Hunter M.G. (1982). Catecholamine stimulation of tes- tosterone production via cyclic AMP in mouse Leydig cells in monolayer culture. Mol. Cell. Endo- crinol., 27: 221-231.]Search in Google Scholar
[Cudicini C.,Kercret H.Touzalin A.M. Ballet F.,Jegou B. (1997). Vectorial production of interleukin 1 and interleukin 6 by rat Sertoli cells cultured in a dual culture compartment system Endocrinology. 138: 2863-2870.]Search in Google Scholar
[Damian J.P, Ungerfeld R. (2011). The stress response of frequently electroejaculated rams to electroejaculation: hormonal, physiological, biochemical, haematological and behavioural param- eters. Reprod. Domest. Anim, 46: 646-650.]Search in Google Scholar
[Davis J.R (1992). Comparison of norepinephrine and serotonin vasoconstriction of the rat isolated testicular subcapsular artery at physiological and elevated transmural pressures. Biol. Reprod.. 47: 692-697.]Search in Google Scholar
[De Kloet E.R, Joels M., Holsboer F. (2005). Stress and the brain: from adaptation to disease. Nat. Rev. Neurosd.. 6: 463-475.]Search in Google Scholar
[Deviche P.J., Hurley L.L.,Fokidis H_B.,Lerbour B., Silverin B., Silverin B., Sa- bo J., Sharp P. J. (2010). Acute stress rapidly decreases plasma testosterone in a free-ranging male songbird: potential site of action and mechanism Gen. Comp. EndocrinoL. 169: 82-90.]Search in Google Scholar
[Dong Q., Salva A, Sottas C.M,Niu E.. Ho lme s M., Hardy M.P. (2004). Rapid glucocor- ticoid mediation of suppressed testosterone biosynthesis in male mice subjected to immobilization stress. J. Androl., 25: 972-981.]Search in Google Scholar
[Dubey AK. Plant T.M (1985). A suppression of gonadotropin secretion by cortisol in castrated male ihesus monkeys (Macaca mulatto) mediated by the interruption of hypothalamic gonadotro- pin-releasing hormone release. Biol. Reprod.. 33: 423-431.]Search in Google Scholar
[Dufau ML., Tinajero J.C., Fabbri A. (1993). Corticotropin-releasing factor: an antireproduc- tive hormone of the testis. FASEB J., 7: 299-307.]Search in Google Scholar
[Evain D., Morera AM, Saez J.M. (1976). Glucocorticoid receptors in interstitial cells of the rat testis. J. Steroid. Biochem., 7:1135-1139.]Search in Google Scholar
[Ewing S.A., Lay Jr.D.C., Von Bore 11 E. (1999). Farm animal well-being: stress physiology, animal behavior, and environmental desien. Prentice Hall. Upper Saddle River. New Jersey. USA pp. 25-49.]Search in Google Scholar
[Fabbri A, Tinaj ero J.C., Dufau M.L. (1990). Corticotropin-releasing factor is produced by rat Leydig cells and has a major local antireproductive role in the testis. Endocrinology. 127: 1541-1543." 10.1210/endo-127-3-1541]Search in Google Scholar
[Feldman E.C., Nelson RW. (2007). Endocrinologia y reproducciön canina y felina. Tercera Edicidn. Editorial Inter-Medica, Buenos Aires. Argentina.]Search in Google Scholar
[Franke 1 A. Ryan E. (1981). Testicular innervation is necessary for the response of plasma testos- terone levels to acute stress. Biol. Reprod., 24: 491-499.]Search in Google Scholar
[Fuqùay J.W., M o b e r g G.P (1983). Influence of the pituitary-adrenal axis on the induced release of luteinizing hormone in rams. J. EndocrinoL, 99: 151-155.]Search in Google Scholar
[Galli S.J., Borregaard N., Wynn T.A. (2011). Phenotypic and functional plasticity of cells of innate immunity: macrophages, mast cells and neutrophils. Nature Immunol., 12: 1035-1044.]Search in Google Scholar
[Gambacciani M, Yen S.S., Rasmussen D.D. (1986). GnRH release from the mediobasal hypothalamus: in vitro inhibition by corticotropin-releasing factor. Neuroendocrinology. 43: 533-536. ]Search in Google Scholar
[Kalra S.P..Kalra P.S. (1983). Neural regulation of luteinizing hormone secretion in the rat. Endocr. Rev.. 4: 311-351.]Search in Google Scholar
[Kamberi I. A.. Mi c a 1 R.S., Porter J.C. (1970). Effect of anterior pituitary perfusion and intraven- tricular injection of catecholamines and indoleamines on LH release. Endocrinology, 87: 1-12.]Search in Google Scholar
[Kamberi I A.. M i c a 1 R.S., Porter J.C. (1971). Effect of anterior pituitary perfusion and intraven- tricular injection of catecholamines on prolactin release. Endocrinology, 88: 1012-1020.]Search in Google Scholar
[Kamberi I.A (1974) Catecholaminergic. indolaminergic and cholinergic pathways and the hypo- thalamic hypophysiotropic neurohonnones involved in control of gonadotropin secretion. In: Dorner. G., ed. Endocrinology of sex: differentiation and neuroendocrine regulation in the hypothalamo- hypophysial-gonadal-system Leipzig. Johann Ambrosius Barth. 1974, p. 166-184.]Search in Google Scholar
[Kamel F.,Kubajak Cl. (1987). Modulation of gonadotropin secretion by corticosterone: interac- tion with gonadal steroids and mechanism of action. Endocrinology. 121: 561-568.]Search in Google Scholar
[Kierszenbaum AL., Spruill WA., White MG., Tres LI., Perkins J.P (1985). Rat Sertoli cells acquire a beta-adrenergic response during primary culture. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei., 82: 2049-2053.]Search in Google Scholar
[Kilen S.M, Szabo M, Strasser G.A, McAndrews J.M, Ringstrom S.J., Schwartz N.B. (1996). Corticosterone selectively increases follicle-stimulating homione beta- subunit messenger ribonucleic acid in primary anterior pituitary' cell culture without affecting its half-life. Endocrinology, 137: 3802-3807.]Search in Google Scholar
[Knobil E., Neill J.D. (2006). Editors. The Physiology of Reproduction. 3nd ed. New York, NY: Raven Press.]Search in Google Scholar
[Kononen J.. Honkaniemi J., Alho H. Koistinaho J., Iadarola M., Pelto-Huik- ko M. (1992). Fos-like immunoreactivity in the rat hypothalamic-pituitary axis after immobiliza- tion stress. Endocrinology, 130: 3041-3047.]Search in Google Scholar
[Kononen J., Honkaniemi J., Gustafsson J.A. Pelto-Huikko M (1993). Glucocor- ticoid receptor colocalization with pituitary hormones in the rat pituitary gland. Mol. Cell. Endo- crinoL, 93: 97-103.]Search in Google Scholar
[Konrad L., Weber M.A, Groos S., Albrecht M.,Aumüller G. (1998). Paracrine interac- tion in testicular somatic cells. Ital. J. Anat. Embryol.. 103: 139-152.]Search in Google Scholar
[Körte S.M,Koolhaas J.M., Wingfield J.C.,Mcewen B.S. (2005). The Darwinian concept of stress: benefits of allostasis and costs of allostatic load and the trade-offs in health and disease.Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev., 29: 3-38.]Search in Google Scholar
[Leal AM., Blount A.L., Donaldson C.J.,Bilezikj ian L.M.,Vale WAV. (2003). Regula- tion of follicle-stimulating hormone secretion by the interactions of activin-A. dexamethasone and testosterone in anterior pituitary cell cultures of male rats. Neuroendocrinology. 77: 298-304.]Search in Google Scholar
[Lee KP.Frame S.R_,Sykes G.P, Valentine R. (1993). Testicular degeneration and spermatid retention in young male rats. Toxicol. Pathol.. 21: 292-302.]Search in Google Scholar
[Lee S., Miselis R_.Rivier C. (2002). Anatomical and functional evidence for neural hypothalam- ic-testicular pathways that is independent of the pituitary'. Endocrinology, 143: 4447-4454.]Search in Google Scholar
[Levin J., Lloyd C.W., Lobotsky J.. Friedrich E.H (1967). The effect of epinephrine on testosterone production. Acta EndocrinoL (Copenh), 55: 184-192.]Search in Google Scholar
[Levy F.O.,Ree AH.,Eikvar L.,Govindan MV., Jahnsen T.,Hansson V.(1989).Gluco- corticoid receptors and glucocorticoid effects in rat Sertoli cells. Endocrinology. 124: 430-436.]Search in Google Scholar
[Li L., Wo ng C.K (2008). Effects of dexamethasone and dibutyryl cAMP on stanniocalcin-1 mRNA expression in rat primary' Sertoli and Leydig cells. Mol. Cell. EndocrinoL. 283: 96-103.]Search in Google Scholar
[Li P.H. (1989). Catecholamine inhibition of luteinizing hormone secretion in isolated pig pituitary cells. Biol. Reprod.. 40: 914-919.]Search in Google Scholar
[Li P.H. (1993). Actions of corticotropin-releasing factor or cortisol on follicle-stimulating hormone secretion by isolated pig pituitary cells. Life Sei., 53: 141-151.]Search in Google Scholar
[Li P.S., Wagner W.C. (1983). In vivo and in vitro studies on the effect of adrenocorticotropic hor- mone or cortisol on the pituitary' response to gonadotropin releasing hormone. Biol. Reprod.. 29: 25-37.]Search in Google Scholar
[Li PS. (1991). Effect of cortisol on testosterone production by immature pig Leydig cells. J. Steroid Biochem Mol. Biol., 38: 205-212.]Search in Google Scholar
[Lim K,Yoon S.J., Lee M.S.. Byun S.H., Kweon G.R., Kwak S.T., Hwang B.D. (1996). Glucocorticoid regulation of androgen binding protein expression in primary Sertoli cell cultures from rats. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 218: 490-494.]Search in Google Scholar
[Lin T., Wang T.L., Nagpal ML., Calkins J.R, Chang WAV., Chi R (1991). Interleukin-1 inhibits cholesterol side-chain cleavage cytochrome P450 expression in primary cultures of Leydig cells. Endocrinology. 129: 1305-1311.]Search in Google Scholar
[Lukyanenko Y.O., Carpenter AM., Boone M.M., Baker C.R, McGunegle D.E., Hutson J.C. (2000). Specificity of a new lipid mediator produced by testicular and peritoneal macrophages on steroidogenesis. Int. J. Androl.. 23: 258-265.]Search in Google Scholar
[MacConell LA, Lawson MA,Mellon P-L.,Roberts V.J. (1999). Activin A regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone synthesis and release in vitro. Neuroendocrinology. 70: 246-254.]Search in Google Scholar
[Maclusky N.J., Naftolin F., Leranth C. (1988). Immunocytochemical evidence for direct syn- aptic connections between corticotrophinreleasing factor (CRF) and gonadotropin-releasing hor- mone (GNRH)-containmg neurons in the preoptic area of the rat. Brain Res., 439: 391-395.]Search in Google Scholar
[Maekawa M, Kamimura K., Nagano T. (1996). Peritubular myoid cells in the testis: their structure and function. Arch. Histol. Cytol., 559:1-13.]Search in Google Scholar
[Marie D., Kostic T., Kovacevic R (1996). Effects of acute and chronic immobilization stress on rat Leydig cell steroidogenesis. J. Steroid Biochem Mol. Biol., 58: 351-355.]Search in Google Scholar
[Martin AX, Fernändez-Ruiz J., Löpez-Calderön A. (1995). Effects of catecholamine synthesis inhibitors and adrenergic receptor antagonists on restraint-induced LH release. J. Endo- crinol., 144: 511-515.]Search in Google Scholar
[Malleri RL., Watson J.G., M o b e r g G.P. (1984). Stress or acute adrenocorticotrophin treatment suppresses LHRH-induced LH release in the ram. J. Reprod. Fertil., 72: 385-393.]Search in Google Scholar
[Mauduit C., Chauvin M. A. Hartmann D.J., Revol A., Morera AM, Be nähme d M (1992). Interleukin-1 alpha as a potent inhibitor of gonadotropin action in porcine Leydig cells: site(s) of action. Biol. Reprod., 46: 1119-1126.]Search in Google Scholar
[Mayerhofer A.. Bartke A., Began T. (1993). Catecholamines stimulate testicular steroidogen- esis in vitro in the Siberian hamster. Phodopus sungorus. Biol. Reprod., 48: 883-888.]Search in Google Scholar
[McAndrews J.M, Ring ström S.J., Dahl K.D., Schwartz N.B. (1994). Corticosterone in vivo increases pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-beta messenger ribonucleic acid content and serum FSH bioactivity selectively in female rats. Endocrinology, 134: 158-163.]Search in Google Scholar
[McCann S.M, Moss RL. (1975). Putative neurotransmitters involved in discharging, gonadotropin- releasing neurohomiones and the action of LHRH on the CNS. Life Sei., 16: 833-852.]Search in Google Scholar
[McCool C. J., E n t w i s 11 e KW. (1989). The effects of capture stress on testis function in the Aus- tralian swamp buffalo (Bubalys bubalis). Theriogenology. 3: 595-612.]Search in Google Scholar
[Mhaouty-Kodja S., Lozach A., Habert R, Tanneux M, Guigon C., Brailly- -Tabard S.,Maltier J.P, Legrand-Maltier C. (2007). Fertility and spennatogenesis are altered in (alfa)lb-adrenergic receptor knockout male mice. J. Endocrinol., 195: 281-292.]Search in Google Scholar
[Miller S.C., Bowman B.M. Rowland H.G. (1983). Structure, cytochemistry, endocytic activ- ity. and immunoglobulin (Fc) receptors of rat testicular interstitial-tissue macrophages. Am J. Anat.. 168: 1-13.]Search in Google Scholar
[Miyake K., Yamamoto M.,Narita H..Hashimoto J.,Mitsuya H. (1986). Evidence for contractility of the human seminiferous tubule confirmed by its response to noradrenaline and ace- tylcholine. Fertil. Steril., 46: 734-737.]Search in Google Scholar
[Moberg G.P. (2000). Biological response to stress: implications for animal welfare. In: The biology of animal stress: basic principles and implications for animal welfare. Moberg G.P.. Mench JA. (eds). CABI Publishing. Wallingford. Oxon. UK pp. 1-22.]Search in Google Scholar
[Moger WH., Murphy PR, Casper R.F. (1982). Catecholamine stimulation of androgen produc- tion by mouse interstitial cells in primary culture. J. Androl., 3: 227-231.]Search in Google Scholar
[Moger W.H., Murphy PR (1983). Beta-adrenergic agonist induced androgen production during primary culture of mouse Leydig cells. Arch. Androl., 10: 135-142.]Search in Google Scholar
[Möstl E.. Palme R (2002). Hormones as indicators of stress. Domest. Anim. Endocrinol.. 23: 67-74.]Search in Google Scholar
[Negro-VilarA.,Ojeda S.R, McCann SJvL (1979). Catecholaminergic modulation of luteiniz- ing homione-releasing hormone released by median eminence terminals in vitro. Endocrinology. 104: 1749-1757. ]Search in Google Scholar
[Nes W.D., Lukyanenko Y.O., Jia Z.H., Quideau S., Howald WIN., Prat um T.K., West RR. Hutson J.C. (2000). Identification of the lipophilic factor produced by macrophages that stimulates steroidogenesis. Endocrinology 141:953-958.]Search in Google Scholar
[Niemi M., Sharpe RM, Brown W.R (1986). Macrophages in the interstitial tissue of the rat testis. Cell Tissue Res., 243: 337-344.]Search in Google Scholar
[Nikolarakis K.E.. Almeida O.F.,Herz A (1986). Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) inhib- its gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) release from superfused rat hypothalami in vitro. Brain Res., 377: 388-390.]Search in Google Scholar
[Ojeda S.R, Negro-Vilar A, McCann S.M (1979). Release of prostaglandin Es by hypotha- lamic tissue: evidence for their involvement in catecholamine-induced luteinizing hormone-releas- mg hormone release. Endocrinology 104: 617-624. ]Search in Google Scholar
[Olster D.H., F e r i n M. (1987). Corticotropin-releasing hormone inhibits gonadotropin secretion in the ovariectomized rhesus monkey. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.. 65: 262-267.]Search in Google Scholar
[Orr T.E., Mann D.R. (1990). Effects of restraint stress on plasma LH and testosterone concentrations, Leydig cell LHhCG receptors, and in vit)v testicular steroidogenesis in adult rats. Homi. Behav, 24: 324-341.]Search in Google Scholar
[Orr T.E., Mann D.R (1992). Role of glucocorticoids in the stress-induced suppression of testicular steroidogenesis in adult male rats. Horm Behav, 26: 350-363.]Search in Google Scholar
[Orr T.E., Taylor M.F.. Bhattacharyya A.K, Collins D.C.,Mann D.R. (1994). Acute im- mobilization stress disrupts testicular steroidogenesis in adult male rats by inhibiting the activities of 17a-hydroxylase and 17.20-lyase without affecting the binding of LHhCG receptors. J. Androl.. 15: 302-308.]Search in Google Scholar
[Parvizi N., Ellendorff F. (1982). Further evidence on dual effects of norepinephrine on LH se- cretion Neuroendocrinology. 35: 48-55.]Search in Google Scholar
[Phogat J.B., Parvizi N. (2010). Involvement of opioids and catecholamines in stress modulation of LH secretion in the male pig. Anim. Reprod. Sei., 121:152-158.]Search in Google Scholar
[Purvis K. Hansson V. (1978). Hormonal regulation of Leydig cell function. Mol. Cell. Endo- crinol., 12:123-138.]Search in Google Scholar
[Rauchen w aid M., Steers W.D., Desjardins C. (1995). Efferent innervation of the rat testis.Biol. Reprod.. 52:1136-1143.]Search in Google Scholar
[Rengarajan S.. B a lasubramanian K. (2007). Corticosterone has direct inhibitory effect on the expression of peptide hormone receptors, 11 beta-HSD and glucose oxidation in cultured adult rat Leydig cells. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., 279: 52-62.]Search in Google Scholar
[Rivier C., Va 1 e W. (1984). Influence of corticotropin-releasing factor on reproductive functions in the rat. Endocrinology, 114: 914-921.]Search in Google Scholar
[Rivier C., Rivier J., Va 1 e W. (1986). Stress-induced inhibition of reproductive functions: role of endogenous corticotropin-releasing factor. Science, 231: 607-609.]Search in Google Scholar
[Rivier C., Rivest S. (1991). Effect of stress on the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis: peripheral and central mechanisms. Biol. Reprod., 45: 523-532.]Search in Google Scholar
[Romero L.M. (2004). Physiological stress in ecology: lessons from biomedical research. Trends Ecol.Evol., 19: 249-255.]Search in Google Scholar
[Rosen H., Jameel ML., Barkan AL. (1988). Dexamethasone suppresses gonadotropin-releas- ing hormone (GnRH) secretion and has direct pituitary effects in male rats: differential regulation of GnRH receptor and gonadotropin responses to GnRH. Endocrinology, 122: 2873-2880.]Search in Google Scholar
[Rosen H.,DalkinA.,HaisenlederD.,Friberg RD.,Ortolano G.,Barkan A (1991). Dexamethasone alters responses of pituitary gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors, gonadotropin subunit messenger ribonucleic acids, and gonadotropins to pulsatile GnRH in male rats. Endocrinology, 128: 654-660.]Search in Google Scholar
[Sankar B.R. Maran RR., Sudha S., Govindarajulu P.. Balasubramanian K. (2000 a). Chronic corticosterone treatment impairs Leydig cell 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydroge- nase activity and LH-stimulated testosterone production Hoihl Metab. Res., 32:142-146.10.1055/s-2007-978609]Search in Google Scholar
[Sankar B.R, Maran RR,Sivakumar R, Govindaraj ulu P.. Balasubramanian K. (2000 b). Chronic administration of corticosterone impairs LH signal transduction and steroidogen- esis in rat Leydig cells. Steroid Biochem MoL Biol., 72:155-162.10.1016/S0960-0760(00)00019-4]Search in Google Scholar
[Santamaria L., Martin R,Codesal J., Ramirez R. Paniagua R (1995 a). Immunohis- tochemical quantitative study of the peritubular lamina propria after induction of testicular atrophy induced by epinephrine. Int. J. AndroL. 18: 295-306.10.1111/j.1365-2605.1995.tb00420.x]Search in Google Scholar
[Santamaria L., Martin R.. Codesal J., Paniagua R (1995 b). Myoid cell proliferation in rat seminiferous tubules after ischaemic testicular atrophy induced by epinephrine: Morphometrie and immunohistochemical (bromo-deoxyuridine and PCNA) studies. Int. J. Androl., 18: 13-22.10.1111/j.1365-2605.1995.tb00929.x7782129]Search in Google Scholar
[Sapolsky RM (1985). Stress-induced suppression of testicular function in the wild baboon: role of glucocorticoids. Endocrinology, 116: 2273-2278.]Search in Google Scholar
[Sapolsky RM. Romero M.. Munck A.U. (2000). How do glucocorticoids influence stress re- sponses? Integrating permissive, suppressive, stimulatory, and preparative actions. Endocr. Rev., 21: 55-89.]Search in Google Scholar
[Sapolsky RM. (2004). Social status and health in humans and other animals. Annu. Rev. Anthropol.. 33: 393-418.]Search in Google Scholar
[Schultz R, Isola J.. Parvinen M, Honkaniemi J., Wikstriim ACh., Gustafs- son J.,Pelto-Huikko M. (1993). Localization of the glucocortid receptor in testis and acces- sory sexual organs of male rat. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., 95: 115-120.]Search in Google Scholar
[Selvage D.J., Lee S. Y., Parsons L.H., S e o D.O., R i v i e r CJL. (2004). A hypothalamic-testic- ular neural pathway is influenced by brain catecholamines, but not testicular blood flow. Endocrinol- ogy, 145:1750-179.]Search in Google Scholar
[Smart D. (1994). Adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) 1-39 and corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH) induced changes in luteinizing hormone secretion from pen fused ovine pituitaries. Anim. Reprod. Sei., 37: 25-34.]Search in Google Scholar
[Spengler RN., Allen RM., Remick D.G., Strteter RM, Kunkel S.L. (1990). Stimu- lation of alpha-adrenergic receptor augments the products of macrophage-derived tumor necrosis factor. J. Immun, 145: 1430-1434.]Search in Google Scholar
[Srivastava RK. Taylor M.F., Mann D.R (1993). Effect of immobilization stress on plasma luteinizing honnone. testosterone, and corticosterone concentrations and on 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in the testes of adult rats. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 204: 231-235.]Search in Google Scholar
[Stalker A.,Hermo L.,Antakly T. (1991). Subcellular distribution of [3H]-dexamethasone me- sylate binding sites in Leydig cells using electron microscope radioautography. Am J. Anat.. 190: 19-30.]Search in Google Scholar
[Stellflug J.N., Cockett N.E., Lew'is G.S. (2006). Relationship between sexual behavior classifications of rams and lambs sired in a competitive breeding environment. J. Anim. Sei., 84: 463-468.]Search in Google Scholar
[Stojkov N.J., Janjic M.N., Bjelic M.N., Mihajlovie AI., Kostic T.S., Andric SA. (2012). Repeated immobilization stress disturbed steroidogenic machinery and stimulated the ex- pression of cAMP signaling elements and adrenergic receptors in Leydig cells. Am J. PhysioL Endocrinol. Metab., 302: E123WE1251.]Search in Google Scholar
[Svechnikov KV., Sultana T., Söder O. (2001). Age-dependent stimulation of Leydig cell steroidogenesis by interleukin-1 isoforms. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol.. 182: 193-201.]Search in Google Scholar
[Thompson RC., Seasholtz AF.. Herbert E. (1987). Rat corticotropin-releasing hormone gene: sequence and tissue-specific expression Mol. Endocrinol., 1: 363-370.]Search in Google Scholar
[Tilbrook A.J.,Canny B.J., Serapiglia MD.,Ambrose T.J.,Clarke I.J. (1999). Suppres- sion of the secretion of luteinizing honnone due to isolation 'restraint stress in gonadectomised rams and ewres is influenced by sex steroids. J. Endocrinol.. 160: 469-481.]Search in Google Scholar
[Troispoux C., Reiter E., Combarnous Y., Guillou F. (1998). Beta2 adrenergic receptors mediate cAMP. tissue-type plasminogen activator and transferrin production in rat Sertoli cells. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol.. 142: 75-86.]Search in Google Scholar
[Ulisse S., F a b b r i A., D u f a u M. (1989). Corticotropin-releasing factor receptors and actions in rat Leydig cells. J. Biol. Chem, 264: 2156-2163.]Search in Google Scholar
[Van Lier E.,Regueiro M, Perez-Clariget R, Andersson H.,Kindahl R,Fors- b e r g M (1999). Effects of adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) and progesterone on hiteimsing hormone (LH) secretion in recently castrated rams. Anim Reprod. Sei., 55: 115-126.]Search in Google Scholar
[Verhoeven G., Dierickx P., De Moor P. (1979). Stimulation effect of neurotransmitters on the aromatization of testosterone by Sertoli cell enriched cultures. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol.. 13: 241-253. ]Search in Google Scholar
[Verhoeven G., Cailleau J., Van Damme J.. Billiau A. (1988). Interleukin-1 stimulates steroidogenesis in cultured rat Leydig cells. MoL Cell. Endocrinol., 57: 51-60.]Search in Google Scholar
[Waites G.M. Archer V.,Langford G. A (1975). Regional sensitivity of the testicular artery to noradrenaline in ram. rabbit rat and boar. J. Reprod. Fertil., 45: 159-163.]Search in Google Scholar
[Warren D.W.,Pa supuleti V.,Lu Y.,Platler B.W..Horton R. (1990). Tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 stimulate testosterone secretion in adult male rat Leydig cells in vitro. J. Androl., 11:353-360.]Search in Google Scholar
[Weber MA., Groos S., Höpfl U., Spielmann M., Aumüller G., Konrad L. (2000). Glucocorticoid receptor distribution in rat testis during postnatal development and effects of dexam- ethasone on immature peritubular cells in vitro. Andrologia, 32: 23-30.]Search in Google Scholar
[Webster Marketon J.L, Glaser R. (2008). Stress hormones and immune function. Cell Im- munoL. 252: 16-26.]Search in Google Scholar
[Welsh Th.Jr., Johnson B.H. (1981). Stress-induced alterations in secretion of corticosteroids, pro- gesterone. luteinizing hormone, and testosterone in bulls. Endocrinology, 109: 185-190.]Search in Google Scholar
[Wingfield J.C., Sapolsky R.M (2003). Reproduction and resistance to stress: when and how. J. Neuroendocrinol.. 15: 711-724.]Search in Google Scholar
[Wynn T. A, Chaw la A,Pollard J. W. (2013). Macrophage biology in development, homeostasis and disease. Nature. 496: 445-455.]Search in Google Scholar
[Xiao E.. Luckhaus J.. Niemanns W., Ferin M (1989). Acute inhibition of gonadotropin secretion by corticotropin-releasing hormone in the primate: are the adrenal glands involved? En- docrinology, 124:1632-1637.10.1210/endo-124-4-16322494035]Search in Google Scholar
[Yazawa H., Sasagawa I., Ishigooka M.,Nakada T. (1999). Effect of immobilization stress on testicular germ cell apoptosis in rats. Hum Reprod., 14: 1806-1810.]Search in Google Scholar
[Yazawa H., Sasagawa I., N aka da T. (2000). Apoptosis of testicular germ cells induced by exogenous glucocorticoid in rats. Hum. Reprod.. 15: 1917-1920. ]Search in Google Scholar
