Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Skin Induced by Long-Term Hydroxyurea Treatment in a Patient with Essential Thrombocythemia
Publicado en línea: 23 jun 2024
Páginas: 49 - 52
Recibido: 11 oct 2023
Aceptado: 12 dic 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/amb-2024-0019
Palabras clave
© 2024 P. Vasilev et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Background and Objective
SCCs represents 20-30% of the non-melanocytic skin cancers. It is the second most common skin cancer in the U.S. The main risk factors for SCCs development are: skin phototype l-ll, excessive UV-exposure, chronic inflammatory skin diseases, radiation exposure and drug usage. Hydroxyurea is a drug used for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia, polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia. The therapy is associated with development of actinic keratoses, Bowen's disease, squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma.
Patients and methods
We present a 70-year-old female patient suffering from essential thrombocythemia, undergoing treatment with hydroxyurea since 2005, who developed advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the skin of the face and wrists.
Results
The patient was diagnosed with advanced moderately differentiated SCCs (Grade 2), stage III (T4 N0 M0). Immunotherapy with cemiplimab 350 mg i.v. every 21 days was initiated. After 6 therapeutic cycles decrease of erythema and desquamation was registered. In 2022 the patient had an ischemie stroke, decompensated heart failure and acute kidney insufficiency. Unfortunately the patient died.
Conclusions
Patients undergoing long-term hydroxyurea treatment are prone to develop multiple squamous cell carcinomas of the skin and are subject to regular dermatological examinations.