Effects of exposure to insecticides on sleep and neurobehavioural functioning in puberty and adolescence: a scoping review

1. Araújo MF, Castanheira EMS, Sousa SF. The buzz on insecticides: a review of uses, molecular structures, targets, adverse effects, and alternatives. Molecules 2023;28(8):3641. doi: 10.3390/molecules28083641 AraújoMF CastanheiraEMS SousaSF The buzz on insecticides: a review of uses, molecular structures, targets, adverse effects, and alternatives Molecules 2023 28 8 3641 10.3390/molecules28083641 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

2. Poisot AS, Speedy A, Kueneman E. Good agricultural practices – a working concept. Background paper for the FAO Internal Workshop on Good Agricultural Practices. Rome, 27–29 October 2024. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations; 2007 [displayed 7 July 2025]. Available at https://www.fao.org/4/ag856e/ag856e00.pdf PoisotAS SpeedyA KuenemanE Good agricultural practices – a working concept Background paper for the FAO Internal Workshop on Good Agricultural Practices Rome 27–29 October 2024 Rome Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 2007 [displayed 7 July 2025]. Available at https://www.fao.org/4/ag856e/ag856e00.pdf Search in Google Scholar

3. International Labour Organization. Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182). Geneva: International Labour Office; 1999. International Labour Organization Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182) Geneva International Labour Office 1999 Search in Google Scholar

4. International Labour Organization, United Nations Children’s Fund. Child Labour: Global estimates 2024, trends and the road forward. New York: International Labour Organization and United Nations Children’s Fund; 2025 [displayed 7 July 2025]. Available at https://www.ilo.org/publications/major-publications/child-labour-global-estimates-2024-trends-and-road-forward International Labour Organization, United Nations Children’s Fund Child Labour: Global estimates 2024, trends and the road forward New York International Labour Organization and United Nations Children’s Fund 2025 [displayed 7 July 2025]. Available at https://www.ilo.org/publications/major-publications/child-labour-global-estimates-2024-trends-and-road-forward Search in Google Scholar

5. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Reshaping agriculture in Africa to end child labour [displayed 7 July 2025]. Available at https://www.fao.org/newsroom/story/Reshaping-agriculture-in-Africa-to-end-child-labour/en#:~:text=It%20is%20an%20alarming%20fact,fish%2C%20mainly%20for%20family%20consumption Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Reshaping agriculture in Africa to end child labour [displayed 7 July 2025]. Available at https://www.fao.org/newsroom/story/Reshaping-agriculture-in-Africa-to-end-child-labour/en#:~:text=It%20is%20an%20alarming%20fact,fish%2C%20mainly%20for%20family%20consumption Search in Google Scholar

6. Botnaru AA, Lupu A, Morariu PC, Jităreanu A, Nedelcu AH, Morariu BA, Anton E, Di Gioia ML, Lupu VV, Dragostin OM, Vieriu M, Morariu ID. Neurotoxic effects of pesticides: implications for neurodegenerative and neurobehavioral disorders. J Xenobiotics 2025;15(3):83. doi: 10.3390/jox15030083 BotnaruAA LupuA MorariuPC JităreanuA NedelcuAH MorariuBA AntonE Di GioiaML LupuVV DragostinOM VieriuM MorariuID Neurotoxic effects of pesticides: implications for neurodegenerative and neurobehavioral disorders J Xenobiotics 2025 15 3 83 10.3390/jox15030083 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

7. Andersen HR, David A, Freire C, Fernández MF, D’Cruz SC, Reina-Pérez I, Fini J-B, Blaha L. Pyrethroids and developmental neurotoxicity – A critical review of epidemiological studies and supporting mechanistic evidence. Environ Res 2022;214:113935. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113935 AndersenHR DavidA FreireC FernándezMF D’CruzSC Reina-PérezI FiniJ-B BlahaL Pyrethroids and developmental neurotoxicity – A critical review of epidemiological studies and supporting mechanistic evidence Environ Res 2022 214 113935 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113935 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

8. Dziewirska E, Hanke W, Jurewicz J. Environmental non-persistent endocrine-disrupting chemicals exposure and reproductive hormones levels in adult men. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2018;31:551–73. doi: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01183 DziewirskaE HankeW JurewiczJ Environmental non-persistent endocrine-disrupting chemicals exposure and reproductive hormones levels in adult men Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2018 31 551 73 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01183 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

9. Mostafalou S, Abdollahi M. Pesticides: an update of human exposure and toxicity. Arch Toxicol 2017;91:549–99. doi: 10.1007/s00204-016-1849-x MostafalouS AbdollahiM Pesticides: an update of human exposure and toxicity Arch Toxicol 2017 91 549 99 10.1007/s00204-016-1849-x Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

10. Saillenfait AM, Ndiaye D, Sabaté JP. Pyrethroids: exposure and health effects – an update. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2015;218:281–92. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2015.01.002 SaillenfaitAM NdiayeD SabatéJP Pyrethroids: exposure and health effects – an update Int J Hyg Environ Health 2015 218 281 92 10.1016/j.ijheh.2015.01.002 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

11. Ye X, Liu J. Effects of pyrethroid insecticides on hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis: A reproductive health perspective. Environ Pollut 2019;245:590–9. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.031 YeX LiuJ Effects of pyrethroid insecticides on hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis: A reproductive health perspective Environ Pollut 2019 245 590 9 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.031 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

12. Silver MK, Meeker JD. Endocrine disruption of developmental pathways and children’s health. In: Darbre PD, editor. Endocrine Disruption and Human Health. Boston: Academic Press; 2015. p. 237–55. SilverMK MeekerJD Endocrine disruption of developmental pathways and children’s health In: DarbrePD editor. Endocrine Disruption and Human Health Boston Academic Press 2015 237 55 Search in Google Scholar

13. Antonangeli LM, Kenzhebekova S, Colosio C. Neurobehavioral effects of low-dose chronic exposure to insecticides: A review. Toxics 2023;11(2):192. doi: 10.3390/toxics11020192 AntonangeliLM KenzhebekovaS ColosioC Neurobehavioral effects of low-dose chronic exposure to insecticides: A review Toxics 2023 11 2 192 10.3390/toxics11020192 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

14. Soderlund DM, Clark JM, Sheets LP, Mullin LS, Piccirillo VJ, Sargent D, Stevens JT, Weiner ML. Mechanisms of pyrethroid neurotoxicity: implications for cumulative risk assessment. Toxicology 2002;171:3–59. doi: 10.1016/s0300-483x(01)00569-8 SoderlundDM ClarkJM SheetsLP MullinLS PiccirilloVJ SargentD StevensJT WeinerML Mechanisms of pyrethroid neurotoxicity: implications for cumulative risk assessment Toxicology 2002 171 3 59 10.1016/s0300-483x(01)00569-8 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

15. Costas-Ferreira C, Faro LRF. Neurotoxic effects of neonicotinoids on mammals: what is there beyond the activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors?—A systematic review. Int J Mol Sci 2021;22(16):8413. doi: 10.3390/ijms22168413 Costas-FerreiraC FaroLRF Neurotoxic effects of neonicotinoids on mammals: what is there beyond the activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors?—A systematic review Int J Mol Sci 2021 22 16 8413 10.3390/ijms22168413 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

16. Casida JE, Durkin KA. Neuroactive insecticides: targets, selectivity, resistance, and secondary effects. Annu Rev Entomol 2013;58:99–117. doi: 10.1146/annurev-ento-120811-153645 CasidaJE DurkinKA Neuroactive insecticides: targets, selectivity, resistance, and secondary effects Annu Rev Entomol 2013 58 99 117 10.1146/annurev-ento-120811-153645 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

17. Costa LG, Giordano G, Guizzetti M, Vitalone A. Neurotoxicity of pesticides: A brief review. Front Biosci 2008;13:1240–9. doi: 10.2741/2758 CostaLG GiordanoG GuizzettiM VitaloneA Neurotoxicity of pesticides: A brief review Front Biosci 2008 13 1240 9 10.2741/2758 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

18. Combarnous Y. Endocrine disruptor compounds (EDCs) and agriculture: The case of pesticides. C R Biol 2017;340:406–9. doi: 10.1016/j.crvi.2017.07.009 CombarnousY Endocrine disruptor compounds (EDCs) and agriculture: The case of pesticides C R Biol 2017 340 406 9 10.1016/j.crvi.2017.07.009 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

19. Bruckner JV, Weil WB. Biological factors which may influence an older child’s or adolescent’s responses to toxic chemicals. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 1999;29:158–64. doi: 10.1006/rtph.1998.1281 BrucknerJV WeilWB Biological factors which may influence an older child’s or adolescent’s responses to toxic chemicals Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 1999 29 158 64 10.1006/rtph.1998.1281 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

20. Heyer DB, Meredith RM. Environmental toxicology: sensitive periods of development and neurodevelopmental disorders. Neurotoxicology 2017;58:23–41. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.10.017 HeyerDB MeredithRM Environmental toxicology: sensitive periods of development and neurodevelopmental disorders Neurotoxicology 2017 58 23 41 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.10.017 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

21. Abreu-Villaça Y, Levin ED. Developmental neurotoxicity of succeeding generations of insecticides. Environ Int 2017;99:55–77. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.11.019 Abreu-VillaçaY LevinED Developmental neurotoxicity of succeeding generations of insecticides Environ Int 2017 99 55 77 10.1016/j.envint.2016.11.019 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

22. Grandjean P, Landrigan P. Developmental neurotoxicity of industrial chemicals. Lancet 2006;368(9553):2167–78. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69665-7 GrandjeanP LandriganP Developmental neurotoxicity of industrial chemicals Lancet 2006 368 9553 2167 78 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69665-7 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

23. Sakali AK, Bargiota A, Fatouros IG, Jamurtas A, Macut D, Mastorakos G, Papagianni M. Effects on puberty of nutrition-mediated endocrine disruptors employed in agriculture. Nutrients 2021;13(11):4184. doi: 10.3390/nu13114184 SakaliAK BargiotaA FatourosIG JamurtasA MacutD MastorakosG PapagianniM Effects on puberty of nutrition-mediated endocrine disruptors employed in agriculture Nutrients 2021 13 11 4184 10.3390/nu13114184 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

24. Castiello F, Freire C. Exposure to non-persistent pesticides and puberty timing: a systematic review of the epidemiological evidence. Eur J Endocrinol 2021;184:733–49. doi: 10.1530/EJE-20-1038 CastielloF FreireC Exposure to non-persistent pesticides and puberty timing: a systematic review of the epidemiological evidence Eur J Endocrinol 2021 184 733 49 10.1530/EJE-20-1038 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

25. Dehestani N, Whittle S, Vijayakumar N, Silk TJ. Developmental brain changes during puberty and associations with mental health problems. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2023;60:101227. doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101227 DehestaniN WhittleS VijayakumarN SilkTJ Developmental brain changes during puberty and associations with mental health problems Dev Cogn Neurosci 2023 60 101227 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101227 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

26. Dorn LD, Biro FM. Puberty and its measurement: a decade in review. J Res Adolesc 2011;21:180–95. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-7795.2010.00722.x DornLD BiroFM Puberty and its measurement: a decade in review J Res Adolesc 2011 21 180 95 10.1111/j.1532-7795.2010.00722.x Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

27. Blakemore SJ, Burnett S, Dahl RE. The role of puberty in the developing adolescent brain. Hum Brain Mapp 2010;31:926–33. doi: 10.1002/hbm.21052 BlakemoreSJ BurnettS DahlRE The role of puberty in the developing adolescent brain Hum Brain Mapp 2010 31 926 33 10.1002/hbm.21052 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

28. Delevich K, Piekarski D, Wilbrecht L. Neuroscience: sex hormones at work in the neocortex. Curr Biol 2019;29(4):R122–5. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.01.013 DelevichK PiekarskiD WilbrechtL Neuroscience: sex hormones at work in the neocortex Curr Biol 2019 29 4 R122 5 10.1016/j.cub.2019.01.013 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

29. Goddings AL, Beltz A, Peper JS, Crone EA, Braams BR. Understanding the role of puberty in structural and functional development of the adolescent brain. J Res Adolesc 2019;29:32–53. doi: 10.1111/jora.12408 GoddingsAL BeltzA PeperJS CroneEA BraamsBR Understanding the role of puberty in structural and functional development of the adolescent brain J Res Adolesc 2019 29 32 53 10.1111/jora.12408 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

30. Koscec A, Radosevic-Vidacek B, Bakotic M. Morningness–eveningness and sleep patterns of adolescents attending school in two rotating shifts. Chronobiol Int 2014;31:52–63. doi: 10.3109/07420528.2013.821128 KoscecA Radosevic-VidacekB BakoticM Morningness–eveningness and sleep patterns of adolescents attending school in two rotating shifts Chronobiol Int 2014 31 52 63 10.3109/07420528.2013.821128 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

31. Koscec Bjelajac A, Bakotic M, Ross B. Weekly alternation of morning and afternoon school start times: implications for sleep and daytime functioning of adolescents. Sleep 2020;43(8):zsaa030. doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa030 Koscec BjelajacA BakoticM RossB Weekly alternation of morning and afternoon school start times: implications for sleep and daytime functioning of adolescents Sleep 2020 43 8 zsaa030 10.1093/sleep/zsaa030 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

32. Sadeh A, Dahl RE, Shahar G, Rosenblat-Stein S. Sleep and the transition to adolescence: a longitudinal study. Sleep 2009;32:1602–9. doi: 10.1093/sleep/32.12.1602 SadehA DahlRE ShaharG Rosenblat-SteinS Sleep and the transition to adolescence: a longitudinal study Sleep 2009 32 1602 9 10.1093/sleep/32.12.1602 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

33. Carskadon MA. Sleep in adolescents: the perfect storm. Pediatr Clin North Am 2011;58:637–47. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2011.03.003 CarskadonMA Sleep in adolescents: the perfect storm Pediatr Clin North Am 2011 58 637 47 10.1016/j.pcl.2011.03.003 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

34. Crowley SJ, Wolfson AR, Tarokh L, Carskadon MA. An update on adolescent sleep: new evidence informing the perfect storm model. J Adolesc 2018;67:55–65. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2018.06.001 CrowleySJ WolfsonAR TarokhL CarskadonMA An update on adolescent sleep: new evidence informing the perfect storm model J Adolesc 2018 67 55 65 10.1016/j.adolescence.2018.06.001 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

35. Roenneberg T, Kuehnle T, Pramstaller PP, Ricken J, Havel M, Guth A, Merrow M. A marker for the end of adolescence. Curr Biol 2004;14(24):R1038–9. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2004.11.039 RoennebergT KuehnleT PramstallerPP RickenJ HavelM GuthA MerrowM A marker for the end of adolescence Curr Biol 2004 14 24 R1038 9 10.1016/j.cub.2004.11.039 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

36. Sapbamrer R, Hongsibsong S. Effects of prenatal and postnatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides on child neurodevelopment in different age groups: a systematic review. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019;26:18267–90. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-05126-w SapbamrerR HongsibsongS Effects of prenatal and postnatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides on child neurodevelopment in different age groups: a systematic review Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019 26 18267 90 10.1007/s11356-019-05126-w Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

37. Tricco AC, Lillie E, Zarin W, O’Brien KK, Colquhoun H, Levac D, Moher D, Peters MDJ, Horsley T, Weeks L, Hempel S, Akl EA, Chang C, McGowan J, Stewart L, Hartling L, Aldcroft A, Wilson MG, Garritty C, Lewin S, Godfrey CM, Macdonald MT, Langlois EV, Soares-Weiser K, Moriarty J, Clifford T, Tunçalp Ö, Straus SE. PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): checklist and explanation. Ann Intern Med 2018;169:467–73. doi: 10.7326/M18-0850 TriccoAC LillieE ZarinW O’BrienKK ColquhounH LevacD MoherD PetersMDJ HorsleyT WeeksL HempelS AklEA ChangC McGowanJ StewartL HartlingL AldcroftA WilsonMG GarrittyC LewinS GodfreyCM MacdonaldMT LangloisEV Soares-WeiserK MoriartyJ CliffordT TunçalpÖ StrausSE PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): checklist and explanation Ann Intern Med 2018 169 467 73 10.7326/M18-0850 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

38. Sonuga-Barke EJS, Becker SP, Bölte S, Castellanos FX, Franke B, Newcorn JH, Nigg JT, Rohde LA, Simonoff E. Annual research review: Perspectives on progress in ADHD science – from characterization to cause. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2023;64:506–32. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.13696 Sonuga-BarkeEJS BeckerSP BölteS CastellanosFX FrankeB NewcornJH NiggJT RohdeLA SimonoffE Annual research review: Perspectives on progress in ADHD science – from characterization to cause J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2023 64 506 32 10.1111/jcpp.13696 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

39. Hodges H, Fealko C, Soares N. Autism spectrum disorder: definition, epidemiology, causes, and clinical evaluation. Transl Pediatr 2020;9(Suppl 1):S55–65. doi: 10.21037/tp.2019.09.09 HodgesH FealkoC SoaresN Autism spectrum disorder: definition, epidemiology, causes, and clinical evaluation Transl Pediatr 2020 9 Suppl 1 S55 65 10.21037/tp.2019.09.09 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

40. Abdel Rasoul GM, Abou Salem ME, Mechael AA, Hendy OM, Rohlman DS, Ismail AA. Effects of occupational pesticide exposure on children applying pesticides. Neurotoxicology 2008;29:833–8. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2008.06.009 Abdel RasoulGM Abou SalemME MechaelAA HendyOM RohlmanDS IsmailAA Effects of occupational pesticide exposure on children applying pesticides Neurotoxicology 2008 29 833 8 10.1016/j.neuro.2008.06.009 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

41. Abdel-Rasoul G, Salem E, Elbadry A, Hendy O, Rohlman D, Abdel-Latif A. Neurobehavioral and menstrual disorders among adolescent females environmentally exposed to pesticides, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt. Egypt J Occup Med 2019;43:331–43. doi: 10.21608/ejom.2019.47402 Abdel-RasoulG SalemE ElbadryA HendyO RohlmanD Abdel-LatifA Neurobehavioral and menstrual disorders among adolescent females environmentally exposed to pesticides, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt Egypt J Occup Med 2019 43 331 43 10.21608/ejom.2019.47402 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

42. Benavides-Piracón JA, Hernández-Bonilla D, Menezes-Filho JA, van Wendel de Joode B, Lozada YAV, Bahia TC, Cortes MAQ, Achury NJM, Muñoz IAM, Pardo MAH. Prenatal and postnatal exposure to pesticides and school-age children’s cognitive ability in rural Bogotá, Colombia. Neurotoxicology 2022;90:112–20. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2022.03.008 Benavides-PiracónJA Hernández-BonillaD Menezes-FilhoJA van Wendel de JoodeB LozadaYAV BahiaTC CortesMAQ AchuryNJM MuñozIAM PardoMAH Prenatal and postnatal exposure to pesticides and school-age children’s cognitive ability in rural Bogotá, Colombia Neurotoxicology 2022 90 112 20 10.1016/j.neuro.2022.03.008 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

43. Dobbins DL, Chen H, Cepeda MJ, Berenson L, Talton JW, Anderson KA, Burdette JH, Quandt SA, Arcury TA, Laurienti PJ. Comparing impact of pesticide exposure on cognitive abilities of Latinx children from rural farmworker and urban non-farmworker families in North Carolina. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2022;92:107106. doi: 10.1016/j.ntt.2022.107106 DobbinsDL ChenH CepedaMJ BerensonL TaltonJW AndersonKA BurdetteJH QuandtSA ArcuryTA LaurientiPJ Comparing impact of pesticide exposure on cognitive abilities of Latinx children from rural farmworker and urban non-farmworker families in North Carolina Neurotoxicol Teratol 2022 92 107106 10.1016/j.ntt.2022.107106 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

44. González-Alzaga B, Hernández AF, Rodríguez-Barranco M, Gómez I, Aguilar-Garduño C, López-Flores I, Parrón T, Lacasaña M. Pre- and postnatal exposures to pesticides and neurodevelopmental effects in children living in agricultural communities from South-Eastern Spain. Environ Int 2015;85:229–37. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2015.09.019 González-AlzagaB HernándezAF Rodríguez-BarrancoM GómezI Aguilar-GarduñoC López-FloresI ParrónT LacasañaM Pre- and postnatal exposures to pesticides and neurodevelopmental effects in children living in agricultural communities from South-Eastern Spain Environ Int 2015 85 229 37 10.1016/j.envint.2015.09.019 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

45. Harari R, Julvez J, Murata K, Barr D, Bellinger DC, Debes F, Grandjean P. Neurobehavioral deficits and increased blood pressure in school-age children prenatally exposed to pesticides. Environ Health Perspect 2010;118:890–6. doi: 10.1289/ehp.0901582 HarariR JulvezJ MurataK BarrD BellingerDC DebesF GrandjeanP Neurobehavioral deficits and increased blood pressure in school-age children prenatally exposed to pesticides Environ Health Perspect 2010 118 890 6 10.1289/ehp.0901582 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

46. Ismail AA, Bonner MR, Hendy O, Rasoul GA, Wang K, Olson JR, Rohlman DS. Comparison of neurological health outcomes between two adolescent cohorts exposed to pesticides in Egypt. PLoS One 2017;12(2):e0172696. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172696 IsmailAA BonnerMR HendyO RasoulGA WangK OlsonJR RohlmanDS Comparison of neurological health outcomes between two adolescent cohorts exposed to pesticides in Egypt PLoS One 2017 12 2 e0172696 10.1371/journal.pone.0172696 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

47. Mahdavian E, Ehrampoush MH, Jambarsang S, Teimouri F, Zare MJ, Nadi Sakhvidi M. The impact of greenhouse density on cognitive function in primary school children using the WISC method. Avicenna J Environ Health Eng 2022;9:85–92. doi: 10.34172/ajehe.2022.4251 MahdavianE EhrampoushMH JambarsangS TeimouriF ZareMJ Nadi SakhvidiM The impact of greenhouse density on cognitive function in primary school children using the WISC method Avicenna J Environ Health Eng 2022 9 85 92 10.34172/ajehe.2022.4251 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

48. Martos Mula AJ, Figueroa EN, Ruggeri MA, Giunta SA, Wierna NR, Bonillo M, Bovi MG. Diferencias en la ejecución cognitiva y actividades colinesterasa en adolescentes con exposición ambiental a plaguicidas en Jujuy (Argentina) [Differences in cognitive execution and cholinesterase activities in adolescents with environmental exposure to pesticides in Jujuy (Argentina), in Spanish]. Rev Toxicol 2005;22:180–4. Martos MulaAJ FigueroaEN RuggeriMA GiuntaSA WiernaNR BonilloM BoviMG Diferencias en la ejecución cognitiva y actividades colinesterasa en adolescentes con exposición ambiental a plaguicidas en Jujuy (Argentina) [Differences in cognitive execution and cholinesterase activities in adolescents with environmental exposure to pesticides in Jujuy (Argentina), in Spanish] Rev Toxicol 2005 22 180 4 Search in Google Scholar

49. Martos Mula AJ, Saavedra ON, Wierna NR, Ruggeri MA, Tschambler JA, Ávila Carreras NM, Bonilo MC, Bovi Mitre MG. Afectación de las funciones cognitivas y motoras en niños residentes de zonas rurales de Jujuy y su relación con plaguicidas inhibidores de la colinesterasa. Un estudio piloto [Impairment of cognitive and motor functions in children from rural areas of Jujuy, and its relationship with cholinesterase inhibitor pesticides: a pilot study, in Spanish]. Acta Toxicológica Argent 2013;21:15–24. Martos MulaAJ SaavedraON WiernaNR RuggeriMA TschamblerJA Ávila CarrerasNM BoniloMC Bovi MitreMG Afectación de las funciones cognitivas y motoras en niños residentes de zonas rurales de Jujuy y su relación con plaguicidas inhibidores de la colinesterasa. Un estudio piloto [Impairment of cognitive and motor functions in children from rural areas of Jujuy, and its relationship with cholinesterase inhibitor pesticides: a pilot study, in Spanish] Acta Toxicológica Argent 2013 21 15 24 Search in Google Scholar

50. Muñoz MT, Iglesias VP, Lucero BA. Exposición a organofosforados y desempeño cognitivo en escolares rurales chilenos: un estudio exploratorio [Exposure to organophosphate and cognitive performance in chilean rural school children: an exploratory study, in Spanish]. Rev Fac Nac Salud Pública 2011;29:256–63. doi: 10.17533/udea.rfnsp.8055 MuñozMT IglesiasVP LuceroBA Exposición a organofosforados y desempeño cognitivo en escolares rurales chilenos: un estudio exploratorio [Exposure to organophosphate and cognitive performance in chilean rural school children: an exploratory study, in Spanish] Rev Fac Nac Salud Pública 2011 29 256 63 10.17533/udea.rfnsp.8055 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

51. Sánchez Lizardi P, O’Rourke MK, Morris RJ. The effects of organophosphate pesticide exposure on hispanic children’s cognitive and behavioral functioning. J Pediatr Psychol 2008;33:91–101. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsm047 Sánchez LizardiP O’RourkeMK MorrisRJ The effects of organophosphate pesticide exposure on hispanic children’s cognitive and behavioral functioning J Pediatr Psychol 2008 33 91 101 10.1093/jpepsy/jsm047 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

52. van Wendel de Joode B, Mora AM, Lindh CH, Hernández-Bonilla D, Córdoba L, Wesseling C, Hoppin JA, Mergler D. Pesticide exposure and neurodevelopment in children aged 6–9 years from Talamanca, Costa Rica. Cortex 2016;85:137–50. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2016.09.003 van Wendel de JoodeB MoraAM LindhCH Hernández-BonillaD CórdobaL WesselingC HoppinJA MerglerD Pesticide exposure and neurodevelopment in children aged 6–9 years from Talamanca, Costa Rica Cortex 2016 85 137 50 10.1016/j.cortex.2016.09.003 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

53. Yáñez-Estrada L, Ramírez-Jiménez MR, Rodríguez-Agudelo Y, Calderón-Hernández J, Ramos-Ruiz E. Evaluación de las alteraciones en el desempeño cognitivo de niños mexicanos expuestos a plaguicidas organofosforados [Assessment of Cognitive Performance Impairments in Mexican Children Exposed to Organophosphate Pesticides, in Spanish]. Rev Int Contam Ambient 2018;34:9–23. doi: 10.20937/RICA.2018.34.esp02.01 Yáñez-EstradaL Ramírez-JiménezMR Rodríguez-AgudeloY Calderón-HernándezJ Ramos-RuizE Evaluación de las alteraciones en el desempeño cognitivo de niños mexicanos expuestos a plaguicidas organofosforados [Assessment of Cognitive Performance Impairments in Mexican Children Exposed to Organophosphate Pesticides, in Spanish] Rev Int Contam Ambient 2018 34 9 23 10.20937/RICA.2018.34.esp02.01 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

54. Vernet C, Johnson M, Kogut K, Hyland C, Deardorff J, Bradman A, Eskenazi B. Organophosphate pesticide exposure during pregnancy and childhood and onset of juvenile delinquency by age 16 years: the CHAMACOS cohort. Environ Res 2021;197:111055. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111055 VernetC JohnsonM KogutK HylandC DeardorffJ BradmanA EskenaziB Organophosphate pesticide exposure during pregnancy and childhood and onset of juvenile delinquency by age 16 years: the CHAMACOS cohort Environ Res 2021 197 111055 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111055 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

55. Grandjean P, Harari R, Barr DB, Debes F. Pesticide exposure and stunting as independent predictors of neurobehavioral deficits in Ecuadorian school children. Pediatrics 2006;117:e546–56. doi: 10.1542/peds.2005-1781 GrandjeanP HarariR BarrDB DebesF Pesticide exposure and stunting as independent predictors of neurobehavioral deficits in Ecuadorian school children Pediatrics 2006 117 e546 56 10.1542/peds.2005-1781 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

56. Butler-Dawson J, Galvin K, Thorne PS, Rohlman DS. Organophosphorus pesticide exposure and neurobehavioral performance in Latino children living in an orchard community. Neurotoxicology 2016;53:165–72. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.01.009 Butler-DawsonJ GalvinK ThornePS RohlmanDS Organophosphorus pesticide exposure and neurobehavioral performance in Latino children living in an orchard community Neurotoxicology 2016 53 165 72 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.01.009 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

57. Eadeh HM, Ismail AA, Abdel Rasoul GM, Hendy OM, Olson JR, Wang K, Bonner MR, Rohlman DS. Evaluation of occupational pesticide exposure on Egyptian male adolescent cognitive and motor functioning. Environ Res 2021;197:111137. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111137 EadehHM IsmailAA Abdel RasoulGM HendyOM OlsonJR WangK BonnerMR RohlmanDS Evaluation of occupational pesticide exposure on Egyptian male adolescent cognitive and motor functioning Environ Res 2021 197 111137 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111137 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

58. Eckerman DA, Gimenes LS, De Souza RC, Galvão PRL, Sarcinelli PN, Chrisman JR. Age related effects of pesticide exposure on neurobehavioral performance of adolescent farm workers in Brazil. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2007;29:164–75. doi: 10.1016/j.ntt.2006.09.028 EckermanDA GimenesLS De SouzaRC GalvãoPRL SarcinelliPN ChrismanJR Age related effects of pesticide exposure on neurobehavioral performance of adolescent farm workers in Brazil Neurotoxicol Teratol 2007 29 164 75 10.1016/j.ntt.2006.09.028 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

59. Fiedler N, Rohitrattana J, Siriwong W, Suttiwan P, Ohman Strickland P, Ryan PB, Rohlman DS, Panuwet P, Barr DB, Robson MG. Neurobehavioral effects of exposure to organophosphates and pyrethroid pesticides among Thai children. Neurotoxicology 2015;48:90–9. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2015.02.003 FiedlerN RohitrattanaJ SiriwongW SuttiwanP Ohman StricklandP RyanPB RohlmanDS PanuwetP BarrDB RobsonMG Neurobehavioral effects of exposure to organophosphates and pyrethroid pesticides among Thai children Neurotoxicology 2015 48 90 9 10.1016/j.neuro.2015.02.003 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

60. Ismail AA, Wang K, Olson JR, Bonner MR, Hendy O, Abdel Rasoul G, Rohlman DS. The impact of repeated organophosphorus pesticide exposure on biomarkers and neurobehavioral outcomes among adolescent pesticide applicators. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2017;80:542–55. doi: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1362612 IsmailAA WangK OlsonJR BonnerMR HendyO Abdel RasoulG RohlmanDS The impact of repeated organophosphorus pesticide exposure on biomarkers and neurobehavioral outcomes among adolescent pesticide applicators J Toxicol Environ Health A 2017 80 542 55 10.1080/15287394.2017.1362612 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

61. Lu C, Essig C, Root C, Rohlman DS, McDonald T, Sulzbacher S. Assessing the association between pesticide exposure and cognitive development in rural Costa Rican children living in organic and conventional coffee farms. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2009;21:609–21. doi: 10.1515/ijamh.2009.21.4.609 LuC EssigC RootC RohlmanDS McDonaldT SulzbacherS Assessing the association between pesticide exposure and cognitive development in rural Costa Rican children living in organic and conventional coffee farms Int J Adolesc Med Health 2009 21 609 21 10.1515/ijamh.2009.21.4.609 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

62. Rohlman DS, Ismail AA, Rasoul GA, Bonner MR, Hendy O, Mara K, Wang K, Olson JR. A 10-month prospective study of organophosphorus pesticide exposure and neurobehavioral performance among adolescents in Egypt. Cortex 2016;74:383–95. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2015.09.011 RohlmanDS IsmailAA RasoulGA BonnerMR HendyO MaraK WangK OlsonJR A 10-month prospective study of organophosphorus pesticide exposure and neurobehavioral performance among adolescents in Egypt Cortex 2016 74 383 95 10.1016/j.cortex.2015.09.011 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

63. Rohlman DS, Ismail AA, Abdel-Rasoul G, Lasarev M, Hendy O, Olson JR. Characterizing exposures and neurobehavioral performance in Egyptian adolescent pesticide applicators. Metab Brain Dis 2014;29:845–55. doi: 10.1007/s11011-014-9565-9 RohlmanDS IsmailAA Abdel-RasoulG LasarevM HendyO OlsonJR Characterizing exposures and neurobehavioral performance in Egyptian adolescent pesticide applicators Metab Brain Dis 2014 29 845 55 10.1007/s11011-014-9565-9 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

64. Espinosa da Silva C, Gahagan S, Suarez-Torres J, Lopez-Paredes D, Checkoway H, Suarez-Lopez JR. Time after a peak-pesticide use period and neurobehavior among Ecuadorian children and adolescents: the ESPINA study. Environ Res 2022;204:112325. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112325 Espinosa da SilvaC GahaganS Suarez-TorresJ Lopez-ParedesD CheckowayH Suarez-LopezJR Time after a peak-pesticide use period and neurobehavior among Ecuadorian children and adolescents: the ESPINA study Environ Res 2022 204 112325 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112325 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

65. Friedman E, Hazlehurst MF, Loftus C, Karr C, McDonald KN, Suarez-Lopez JR. Residential proximity to greenhouse agriculture and neurobehavioral performance in Ecuadorian children. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2020;223:220–7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.08.009 FriedmanE HazlehurstMF LoftusC KarrC McDonaldKN Suarez-LopezJR Residential proximity to greenhouse agriculture and neurobehavioral performance in Ecuadorian children Int J Hyg Environ Health 2020 223 220 7 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.08.009 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

66. Suarez-Lopez JR, Himes JH, Jacobs Jr. DR, Alexander BH, Gunnar MR. Acetylcholinesterase activity and neurodevelopment in boys and girls. Pediatrics 2013;132(6):e1649–58. doi: 10.1542/peds.2013-0108 Suarez-LopezJR HimesJH JacobsDRJr AlexanderBH GunnarMR Acetylcholinesterase activity and neurodevelopment in boys and girls Pediatrics 2013 132 6 e1649 58 10.1542/peds.2013-0108 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

67. Suarez-Lopez JR, Checkoway H, Jacobs DR, Al-Delaimy WK, Gahagan S. Potential short-term neurobehavioral alterations in children associated with a peak pesticide spray season: the Mother’s Day flower harvest in Ecuador. Neurotoxicology 2017;60:125–33. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2017.02.002 Suarez-LopezJR CheckowayH JacobsDR Al-DelaimyWK GahaganS Potential short-term neurobehavioral alterations in children associated with a peak pesticide spray season: the Mother’s Day flower harvest in Ecuador Neurotoxicology 2017 60 125 33 10.1016/j.neuro.2017.02.002 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

68. Khademi N, Rajabi S, Fararouei M, Rafiee A, Azhdarpoor A, Hoseini M. Environmental exposure to organophosphate pesticides and effects on cognitive functions in elementary school children in a Middle Eastern area. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023;30:111076–91. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-30080-z KhademiN RajabiS FararoueiM RafieeA AzhdarpoorA HoseiniM Environmental exposure to organophosphate pesticides and effects on cognitive functions in elementary school children in a Middle Eastern area Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023 30 111076 91 10.1007/s11356-023-30080-z Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

69. Nur Naqibah L, Zailina H, Nurul Husna M, Juliana J, Kee HF, Khairulnadiah ZA, NoorAisyah H. Organophospahte pesticide mixture exposure: the relationship with the motor coordination of children from paddy farming area in Tanjung Karang, Malaysia. Malays J Public Health Med 2017;1(special):115–22. Nur NaqibahL ZailinaH Nurul HusnaM JulianaJ KeeHF KhairulnadiahZA NoorAisyahH Organophospahte pesticide mixture exposure: the relationship with the motor coordination of children from paddy farming area in Tanjung Karang, Malaysia Malays J Public Health Med 2017 1 special 115 22 Search in Google Scholar

70. Gao Y, Li R, Ma Q, Baker JM, Rauch S, Gunier RB, Mora AM, Kogut K, Bradman A, Eskenazi B, Reiss AL, Sagiv SK. Childhood exposure to organophosphate pesticides: functional connectivity and working memory in adolescents. Neurotoxicology 2024;103:206–14. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2024.06.011 GaoY LiR MaQ BakerJM RauchS GunierRB MoraAM KogutK BradmanA EskenaziB ReissAL SagivSK Childhood exposure to organophosphate pesticides: functional connectivity and working memory in adolescents Neurotoxicology 2024 103 206 14 10.1016/j.neuro.2024.06.011 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

71. Sagiv SK, Baker JM, Rauch S, Gao Y, Gunier RB, Mora AM, Kogut K, Bradman A, Eskenazi B, Reiss AL. Prenatal and childhood exposure to organophosphate pesticides and functional brain imaging in young adults. Environ Res 2024;242:117756. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117756 SagivSK BakerJM RauchS GaoY GunierRB MoraAM KogutK BradmanA EskenaziB ReissAL Prenatal and childhood exposure to organophosphate pesticides and functional brain imaging in young adults Environ Res 2024 242 117756 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117756 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

72. Khan KM, Gaine ME, Daniel AR, Chilamkuri P, Rohlman DS. Organophosphorus pesticide exposure from house dust and parent-reported child behavior in Latino children from an orchard community. Neurotoxicology 2024;102:29–36. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2024.03.001 KhanKM GaineME DanielAR ChilamkuriP RohlmanDS Organophosphorus pesticide exposure from house dust and parent-reported child behavior in Latino children from an orchard community Neurotoxicology 2024 102 29 36 10.1016/j.neuro.2024.03.001 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

73. Maitre L, Julvez J, López-Vicente M, Warembourg C, Tamayo-Uria I, Philippat C, Gützkow KB, Guxens M, Andrusaityte S, Basagaña X, Casas M, de Castro M, Chatzi L, Evandt J, Gonzalez JR, Gražulevičienė R, Smastuen Haug L, Heude B, Hernandez-Ferrer C, Kampouri M, Manson D, Marquez S, McEachan R, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Robinson O, Slama R, Thomsen C, Urquiza J, Vafeidi M, Wright J, Vrijheid M. Early-life environmental exposure determinants of child behavior in Europe: a longitudinal, population-based study. Environ Int 2021;153:106523. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106523 MaitreL JulvezJ López-VicenteM WarembourgC Tamayo-UriaI PhilippatC GützkowKB GuxensM AndrusaityteS BasagañaX CasasM de CastroM ChatziL EvandtJ GonzalezJR GražulevičienėR Smastuen HaugL HeudeB Hernandez-FerrerC KampouriM MansonD MarquezS McEachanR NieuwenhuijsenM RobinsonO SlamaR ThomsenC UrquizaJ VafeidiM WrightJ VrijheidM Early-life environmental exposure determinants of child behavior in Europe: a longitudinal, population-based study Environ Int 2021 153 106523 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106523 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

74. Rodriguez-Carrillo A, D’Cruz SC, Mustieles V, Suarez B, Smagulova F, David A, Peinado F, Artacho-Cordón F, López LC, Arrebola JP, Olea N, Fernández MF, Freire C. Exposure to non-persistent pesticides, BDNF, and behavioral function in adolescent males: exploring a novel effect biomarker approach. Environ Res 2022;211:113115. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113115 Rodriguez-CarrilloA D’CruzSC MustielesV SuarezB SmagulovaF DavidA PeinadoF Artacho-CordónF LópezLC ArrebolaJP OleaN FernándezMF FreireC Exposure to non-persistent pesticides, BDNF, and behavioral function in adolescent males: exploring a novel effect biomarker approach Environ Res 2022 211 113115 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113115 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

75. Zhou L, Li G, Chen X, Zuo L, Liu M, Jing C, Chen L, Chen H, Peng S, Hao G. Sex difference in the association between pyrethroids exposure and sleep problems among adolescents: NHANES 2007–2014. Environ Sci Eur 2023;35:53. doi: 10.1186/s12302-023-00753-0 ZhouL LiG ChenX ZuoL LiuM JingC ChenL ChenH PengS HaoG Sex difference in the association between pyrethroids exposure and sleep problems among adolescents: NHANES 2007–2014 Environ Sci Eur 2023 35 53 10.1186/s12302-023-00753-0 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

76. Suarez-Lopez JR, Nguyen A, Klas J, Gahagan S, Checkoway H, Lopez-Paredes D, Noble M. Associations of acetylcholinesterase inhibition between pesticide spray seasons with depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescents, and the role of sex and adrenal hormones on gender moderation. Expo Health 2021;13:51–64. doi: 10.1007/s12403-020-00361-w Suarez-LopezJR NguyenA KlasJ GahaganS CheckowayH Lopez-ParedesD NobleM Associations of acetylcholinesterase inhibition between pesticide spray seasons with depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescents, and the role of sex and adrenal hormones on gender moderation Expo Health 2021 13 51 64 10.1007/s12403-020-00361-w Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

77. Hyland CE. Examining pesticide exposure, dose, and neurobehavioral effects among children and adolescents living in California’s Salinas valley [PhD thesis]. Berkeley: University of California; 2021. HylandCE Examining pesticide exposure, dose, and neurobehavioral effects among children and adolescents living in California’s Salinas valley [PhD thesis] Berkeley University of California 2021 Search in Google Scholar

78. Chetty-Mhlanga S, Fuhrimann S, Basera W, Eeftens M, Roosli M, Dalvie MA. Association of activities related to pesticide exposure on headache severity and neurodevelopment of school-children in the rural agricultural farmlands of the Western Cape of South Africa. Environ Int 2021;146:106237. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106237 Chetty-MhlangaS FuhrimannS BaseraW EeftensM RoosliM DalvieMA Association of activities related to pesticide exposure on headache severity and neurodevelopment of school-children in the rural agricultural farmlands of the Western Cape of South Africa Environ Int 2021 146 106237 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106237 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

79. Malueka RG, Rahman A, Dwianingsih EK, Panggabean AS, Bayuangga HF, Alifaningdyah S, Innayah MR, Febriana SA, Setyaningsih I, Setyaningrum CTS, Gofir A, Sutarni S, Setyopranoto I. Blood cholinesterase level is associated with cognitive function in indonesian school-age children exposed to pesticides. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2020;8(E):81–6. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2020.3985 MaluekaRG RahmanA DwianingsihEK PanggabeanAS BayuanggaHF AlifaningdyahS InnayahMR FebrianaSA SetyaningsihI SetyaningrumCTS GofirA SutarniS SetyopranotoI Blood cholinesterase level is associated with cognitive function in indonesian school-age children exposed to pesticides Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2020 8 E 81 6 10.3889/oamjms.2020.3985 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

80. Miswon NH, Hashim Z, Shahar HK, Lokhman NN, Sham SM, Menon N. Organophosphate insecticide exposure and general intelligence of primary school children in Tanjung Karang, Selangor, Malaysia. Indian J Environ Prot 2016;36:801–7. MiswonNH HashimZ ShaharHK LokhmanNN ShamSM MenonN Organophosphate insecticide exposure and general intelligence of primary school children in Tanjung Karang, Selangor, Malaysia Indian J Environ Prot 2016 36 801 7 Search in Google Scholar

81. Suarez-Lopez JR, Hood N, Suárez-Torres J, Gahagan S, Gunnar MR, López-Paredes D. Associations of acetylcholinesterase activity with depression and anxiety symptoms among adolescents growing up near pesticide spray sites. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2019;222:981–90. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.06.001 Suarez-LopezJR HoodN Suárez-TorresJ GahaganS GunnarMR López-ParedesD Associations of acetylcholinesterase activity with depression and anxiety symptoms among adolescents growing up near pesticide spray sites Int J Hyg Environ Health 2019 222 981 90 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.06.001 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

82. Ding J, Dai Y, Zhang L, Wang Z, Zhang B, Guo J, Qi X, Lu D, Chang X, Wu C, Zhang J, Zhou Z. Identifying childhood pesticide exposure trajectories and critical window associated with behavioral problems at 10 years of age: findings from SMBCS. Environ Int 2024;193:109079. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.109079 DingJ DaiY ZhangL WangZ ZhangB GuoJ QiX LuD ChangX WuC ZhangJ ZhouZ Identifying childhood pesticide exposure trajectories and critical window associated with behavioral problems at 10 years of age: findings from SMBCS Environ Int 2024 193 109079 10.1016/j.envint.2024.109079 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

83. Oulhote Y, Bouchard MF. Urinary metabolites of organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides and behavioral problems in Canadian children. Environ Health Perspect 2013;121:1378–84. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1306667 OulhoteY BouchardMF Urinary metabolites of organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides and behavioral problems in Canadian children Environ Health Perspect 2013 121 1378 84 10.1289/ehp.1306667 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

84. Grzywacz JG, Belden JB, Robertson AM, Hernandez DC, Carlos Chavez FL, Merten MJ. Parenting, pesticides and adolescent psychological adjustment: a brief reportt. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022;19(1):540. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19010540 GrzywaczJG BeldenJB RobertsonAM HernandezDC Carlos ChavezFL MertenMJ Parenting, pesticides and adolescent psychological adjustment: a brief reportt Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 19 1 540 10.3390/ijerph19010540 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

85. Fabbri L, Robinson O, Basagaña X, Chatzi L, Gražulevičienė R, Guxens M, Kadawathagedara M, Sakhi AK, Maitre L, McEachan R, Philippat C, Pozo ÓJ, Thomsen C, Wright J, Yang T, Vrijheid M. Childhood exposure to non-persistent endocrine disruptors, glucocorticosteroids, and attentional function: a cross-sectional study based on the parametric g-formula. Environ Res 2025;264:120413. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.120413 FabbriL RobinsonO BasagañaX ChatziL GražulevičienėR GuxensM KadawathagedaraM SakhiAK MaitreL McEachanR PhilippatC PozoÓJ ThomsenC WrightJ YangT VrijheidM Childhood exposure to non-persistent endocrine disruptors, glucocorticosteroids, and attentional function: a cross-sectional study based on the parametric g-formula Environ Res 2025 264 120413 10.1016/j.envres.2024.120413 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

86. González-Alzaga B, Lacasaña M, Aguilar-Garduño C, Rodríguez-Barranco M, Ballester F, Rebagliato M, Hernández AF. A systematic review of neurodevelopmental effects of prenatal and postnatal organophosphate pesticide exposure. Toxicol Lett 2014;230:104–21. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.11.019 González-AlzagaB LacasañaM Aguilar-GarduñoC Rodríguez-BarrancoM BallesterF RebagliatoM HernándezAF A systematic review of neurodevelopmental effects of prenatal and postnatal organophosphate pesticide exposure Toxicol Lett 2014 230 104 21 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.11.019 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

87. Muñoz-Quezada MT, Lucero BA, Barr DB, Steenland K, Levy K, Ryan PB, Iglesias V, Alvarado S, Concha C, Rojas E, Vega C. Neurodevelopmental effects in children associated with exposure to organophosphate pesticides: a systematic review. Neurotoxicology 2013;39:158–68. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2013.09.003 Muñoz-QuezadaMT LuceroBA BarrDB SteenlandK LevyK RyanPB IglesiasV AlvaradoS ConchaC RojasE VegaC Neurodevelopmental effects in children associated with exposure to organophosphate pesticides: a systematic review Neurotoxicology 2013 39 158 68 10.1016/j.neuro.2013.09.003 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

88. Jurewicz J, Hanke W. Prenatal and childhood exposure to pesticides and neurobehavioral development: review of epidemiological studies. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2008;21:121–32. doi: 10.2478/v10001-008-0014-z JurewiczJ HankeW Prenatal and childhood exposure to pesticides and neurobehavioral development: review of epidemiological studies Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2008 21 121 32 10.2478/v10001-008-0014-z Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

89. Elser BA, Hing B, Stevens HE. A narrative review of converging evidence addressing developmental toxicity of pyrethroid insecticides. Crit Rev Toxicol 2022;52:371–88. doi: 10.1080/10408444.2022.2122769 ElserBA HingB StevensHE A narrative review of converging evidence addressing developmental toxicity of pyrethroid insecticides Crit Rev Toxicol 2022 52 371 88 10.1080/10408444.2022.2122769 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

90. Lucero B, Muñoz-Quezada MT. Neurobehavioral, neuromotor, and neurocognitive effects in agricultural workers and their children exposed to pyrethroid pesticides: a review. Front Hum Neurosci 2021;15:648171. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.648171 LuceroB Muñoz-QuezadaMT Neurobehavioral, neuromotor, and neurocognitive effects in agricultural workers and their children exposed to pyrethroid pesticides: a review Front Hum Neurosci 2021 15 648171 10.3389/fnhum.2021.648171 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

91. Burns CJ, McIntosh LJ, Mink PJ, Jurek AM, Li AA. Pesticide exposure and neurodevelopmental outcomes: review of the epidemiologic and animal studies. J Toxicol Environ Health B Crti Rev 2013;16:127–283. doi: 10.1080/10937404.2013.783383 BurnsCJ McIntoshLJ MinkPJ JurekAM LiAA Pesticide exposure and neurodevelopmental outcomes: review of the epidemiologic and animal studies J Toxicol Environ Health B Crti Rev 2013 16 127 283 10.1080/10937404.2013.783383 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

92. Reed JE, Burns CJ, Pisa F. Literature landscape of neurodevelopment and pesticides: a scoping review of methodologies. Glob Epidemiol 2023;6:100121. doi: 10.1016/j.gloepi.2023.100121 ReedJE BurnsCJ PisaF Literature landscape of neurodevelopment and pesticides: a scoping review of methodologies Glob Epidemiol 2023 6 100121 10.1016/j.gloepi.2023.100121 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

93. Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks, Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety, Scientific Committee on Health and Environmental Risks. Addressing the new challenges for risk assessment: discussion paper approved for public consultation in view of receiving feedback from stakeholders for its further development, 2013 [displayed 2 July 2025]. Available at https://ec.europa.eu/health/scientific_committees/emerging/docs/scenihr_o_037.pdf#page=32.73 Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks, Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety, Scientific Committee on Health and Environmental Risks Addressing the new challenges for risk assessment: discussion paper approved for public consultation in view of receiving feedback from stakeholders for its further development 2013 [displayed 2 July 2025]. Available at https://ec.europa.eu/health/scientific_committees/emerging/docs/scenihr_o_037.pdf#page=32.73 Search in Google Scholar

94. Sexton K, Needham L, Pirkle J. Human biomonitoring of environmental chemicals: measuring chemicals in human tissues is the “gold standard” for assessing people’s exposure to pollution. Am Sci 2004;92:38–45. doi: 10.1511/2004.45.921 SextonK NeedhamL PirkleJ Human biomonitoring of environmental chemicals: measuring chemicals in human tissues is the “gold standard” for assessing people’s exposure to pollution Am Sci 2004 92 38 45 10.1511/2004.45.921 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

95. Barr DB, Wang RY, Needham LL. Biologic monitoring of exposure to environmental chemicals throughout the life stages: requirements and issues for consideration for the National Children’s Study. Environ Health Perspect 2005;113:1083–91. doi: 10.1289/ehp.7617 BarrDB WangRY NeedhamLL Biologic monitoring of exposure to environmental chemicals throughout the life stages: requirements and issues for consideration for the National Children’s Study Environ Health Perspect 2005 113 1083 91 10.1289/ehp.7617 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

96. Čolović MB, Krstić DZ, Lazarević-Pašti TD, Bondžić AM, Vasić VM. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors: pharmacology and toxicology. Curr Neuropharmacol 2013;11:315–35. doi: 10.2174/1570159X11311030006 ČolovićMB KrstićDZ Lazarević-PaštiTD BondžićAM VasićVM Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors: pharmacology and toxicology Curr Neuropharmacol 2013 11 315 35 10.2174/1570159X11311030006 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

97. Lionetto MG, Caricato R, Calisi A, Giordano ME, Schettino T. Acetylcholinesterase as a biomarker in environmental and occupational medicine: new insights and future perspectives. Biomed Res Int 2013;2013:321213. doi: 10.1155/2013/321213 LionettoMG CaricatoR CalisiA GiordanoME SchettinoT Acetylcholinesterase as a biomarker in environmental and occupational medicine: new insights and future perspectives Biomed Res Int 2013 2013 321213 10.1155/2013/321213 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

98. Kowiański P, Lietzau G, Czuba E, Waśkow M, Steliga A, Moryś J. BDNF: a key factor with multipotent impact on brain signaling and synaptic plasticity. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2018;38:579–93. doi: 10.1007/s10571-017-0510-4 KowiańskiP LietzauG CzubaE WaśkowM SteligaA MoryśJ BDNF: a key factor with multipotent impact on brain signaling and synaptic plasticity Cell Mol Neurobiol 2018 38 579 93 10.1007/s10571-017-0510-4 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

99. Lucien JN, Ortega MT, Shaw ND. Sleep and puberty. Curr Opin Endocr Metab Res 2021;17:1–7. doi: 10.1016/j.coemr.2020.09.009 LucienJN OrtegaMT ShawND Sleep and puberty Curr Opin Endocr Metab Res 2021 17 1 7 10.1016/j.coemr.2020.09.009 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

100. Billings ME, Hale L, Johnson DA. Physical and social environment relationship with sleep health and disorders. Chest 2020;157:1304–12. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.12.002 BillingsME HaleL JohnsonDA Physical and social environment relationship with sleep health and disorders Chest 2020 157 1304 12 10.1016/j.chest.2019.12.002 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

101. Becker SP, Langberg JM, Byars KC. Advancing a biopsychosocial and contextual model of sleep in adolescence: a review and introduction to the special issue. J Youth Adolesc 2015;44:239–70. doi: 10.1007/s10964-014-0248-y BeckerSP LangbergJM ByarsKC Advancing a biopsychosocial and contextual model of sleep in adolescence: a review and introduction to the special issue J Youth Adolesc 2015 44 239 70 10.1007/s10964-014-0248-y Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

102. Grandner MA. Sleep, health, and society. Sleep Med Clin 2022;17:117–39. doi: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2022.03.001 GrandnerMA Sleep, health, and society Sleep Med Clin 2022 17 117 39 10.1016/j.jsmc.2022.03.001 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

103. Fudvoye J, Lopez-Rodriguez D, Franssen D, Parent AS. Endocrine disrupters and possible contribution to pubertal changes. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019;33:101300. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2019.101300 FudvoyeJ Lopez-RodriguezD FranssenD ParentAS Endocrine disrupters and possible contribution to pubertal changes Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019 33 101300 10.1016/j.beem.2019.101300 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

104. Lopez-Rodriguez D, Franssen D, Heger S, Parent AS. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and their effects on puberty. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021;35(5):101579. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2021.101579 Lopez-RodriguezD FranssenD HegerS ParentAS Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and their effects on puberty Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021 35 5 101579 10.1016/j.beem.2021.101579 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

105. Marshall WA, Tanner JM. Variations in pattern of pubertal changes in girls. Arch Dis Child 1969;44:291–303. doi: 10.1136/adc.44.235.291 MarshallWA TannerJM Variations in pattern of pubertal changes in girls Arch Dis Child 1969 44 291 303 10.1136/adc.44.235.291 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

106. Marshall WA, Tanner JM. Variations in the pattern of pubertal changes in boys. Arch Dis Child 1970;45:13–23. doi: 10.1136/adc.45.239.13 MarshallWA TannerJM Variations in the pattern of pubertal changes in boys Arch Dis Child 1970 45 13 23 10.1136/adc.45.239.13 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

107. Keresteš G, Brković I, Kuterovac Jagodić G. Mjerenje pubertalnoga sazrijevanja u istraživanjima razvoja adolescenata [Measuring pubertal maturation in research on adolescent development, in Croatian]. Druš Istraž 2010;19:933–51. KerestešG BrkovićI Kuterovac JagodićG Mjerenje pubertalnoga sazrijevanja u istraživanjima razvoja adolescenata [Measuring pubertal maturation in research on adolescent development, in Croatian] Druš Istraž 2010 19 933 51 Search in Google Scholar

108. Cheng TW, Magis-Weinberg L, Guazzelli Williamson V, Ladouceur CD, Whittle SL, Herting MM, Uban KA, Byrne ML, Barendse MEA, Shirtcliff EA, Pfeifer JH. A researcher’s guide to the measurement and modeling of puberty in the ABCD Study® at Baseline. Front Endocrinol 2021;12:608575. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.608575 ChengTW Magis-WeinbergL Guazzelli WilliamsonV LadouceurCD WhittleSL HertingMM UbanKA ByrneML BarendseMEA ShirtcliffEA PfeiferJH A researcher’s guide to the measurement and modeling of puberty in the ABCD Study® at Baseline Front Endocrinol 2021 12 608575 10.3389/fendo.2021.608575 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

109. Comfort N, Re DB. Sex-specific neurotoxic effects of organophosphate pesticides across the life course. Curr Environ Health Rep 2017;4:392–404. doi: 10.1007/s40572-017-0171-y ComfortN ReDB Sex-specific neurotoxic effects of organophosphate pesticides across the life course Curr Environ Health Rep 2017 4 392 404 10.1007/s40572-017-0171-y Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

110. Zhu K, Wan Y, Zhu B, Zhu Y, Wang H, Jiang Q, Feng Y, Xiang Z, Song R. Exposure to organophosphate, pyrethroid, and neonicotinoid insecticides and dyslexia: association with oxidative stress. Environ Pollut 2024;344:123362. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123362 ZhuK WanY ZhuB ZhuY WangH JiangQ FengY XiangZ SongR Exposure to organophosphate, pyrethroid, and neonicotinoid insecticides and dyslexia: association with oxidative stress Environ Pollut 2024 344 123362 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123362 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

111. Xie X, Wan Y, Zhu B, Liu Q, Zhu K, Jiang Q, Feng Y, Xiao P, Wu X, Zhang J, Meng H, Song R. Association between urinary dialkylphosphate metabolites and dyslexia among children from three cities of China: the READ program. Sci Total Environ 2022;814:151852. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151852 XieX WanY ZhuB LiuQ ZhuK JiangQ FengY XiaoP WuX ZhangJ MengH SongR Association between urinary dialkylphosphate metabolites and dyslexia among children from three cities of China: the READ program Sci Total Environ 2022 814 151852 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151852 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

112. Nehzomi ZS, Shirani K. Investigating the role of food pollutants in autism spectrum disorder: a comprehensive analysis of heavy metals, pesticides, and mycotoxins. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2025;398:2511–33. doi: 10.1007/s00210-024-03551-4 NehzomiZS ShiraniK Investigating the role of food pollutants in autism spectrum disorder: a comprehensive analysis of heavy metals, pesticides, and mycotoxins Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2025 398 2511 33 10.1007/s00210-024-03551-4 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

113. Roberts JR, Dawley EH, Reigart JR. Children’s low-level pesticide exposure and associations with autism and ADHD: a review. Pediatr Res 2019;85:234–41. doi: 10.1038/s41390-018-0200-z RobertsJR DawleyEH ReigartJR Children’s low-level pesticide exposure and associations with autism and ADHD: a review Pediatr Res 2019 85 234 41 10.1038/s41390-018-0200-z Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

114. Tessari L, Angriman M, Diaz-Roman A, Zhang J, Conca A, Cortese S. Association between exposure to pesticides and ADHD or autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review of the literature. J Atten Disord 2022;26:48–71. doi: 10.1177/1087054720940402 TessariL AngrimanM Diaz-RomanA ZhangJ ConcaA CorteseS Association between exposure to pesticides and ADHD or autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review of the literature J Atten Disord 2022 26 48 71 10.1177/1087054720940402 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

115. Sagiv SK, Mora AM, Rauch S, Kogut KR, Hyland C, Gunier RB, Bradman A, Deardorff J, Eskenazi B. Prenatal and childhood exposure to organophosphate pesticides and behavior problems in adolescents and young adults in the CHAMACOS Study. Environ Health Perspect 2023;131(6):67008. doi: 10.1289/EHP11380 SagivSK MoraAM RauchS KogutKR HylandC GunierRB BradmanA DeardorffJ EskenaziB Prenatal and childhood exposure to organophosphate pesticides and behavior problems in adolescents and young adults in the CHAMACOS Study Environ Health Perspect 2023 131 6 67008 10.1289/EHP11380 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

116. Hyland C, Bradshaw PT, Gunier RB, Mora AM, Kogut K, Deardorff J, Sagiv SK, Bradman A, Eskenazi B. Associations between pesticide mixtures applied near home during pregnancy and early childhood with adolescent behavioral and emotional problems in the CHAMACOS study. Environ Epidemiol 2021;5(3):e150. doi: 10.1097/EE9.0000000000000150 HylandC BradshawPT GunierRB MoraAM KogutK DeardorffJ SagivSK BradmanA EskenaziB Associations between pesticide mixtures applied near home during pregnancy and early childhood with adolescent behavioral and emotional problems in the CHAMACOS study Environ Epidemiol 2021 5 3 e150 10.1097/EE9.0000000000000150 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

117. Johnson BT, Hennessy EA. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses in the health sciences: best practice methods for research syntheses. Soc Sci Med 2019;233:237–51. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.05.035 JohnsonBT HennessyEA Systematic reviews and meta-analyses in the health sciences: best practice methods for research syntheses Soc Sci Med 2019 233 237 51 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.05.035 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

118. Hallit S, Haddad C, Zeidan RK, Obeid S, Kheir N, Khatchadourian T, Salameh P. Cognitive function among schoolchildren in Lebanon: association with maternal alcohol drinking and smoking during pregnancy and domestic use of detergents and pesticides during childhood. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019;26:14373–81. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-04797-9 HallitS HaddadC ZeidanRK ObeidS KheirN KhatchadourianT SalamehP Cognitive function among schoolchildren in Lebanon: association with maternal alcohol drinking and smoking during pregnancy and domestic use of detergents and pesticides during childhood Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019 26 14373 81 10.1007/s11356-019-04797-9 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar