0-X-X | - | - |
1-X-LW | - | linseed oil varnish + wood wax |
1-X-O | - | wood oil |
2-B-X | borax + boric acid (BA-BX) | - |
2-DP-X | diammonium phosphorate (DP) | - |
3-B-LW | borax + boric acid (BA-BX) | linseed oil varnish + wood wax |
3-DP-LW | diammonium phosphorate (DP) | linseed oil varnish + wood wax |
3-B-O | borax + boric acid (BA-BX) | wood oil |
3-DP-O | diammonium phosphorate (DP) | wood oil |
Reference | Structure and authors | Paper-based material used | FR technique |
---|---|---|---|
[ |
Westborough Primary School Cardboard Building by Cottrell & Vermeulen Architecture | Honeycomb panels and paperboard | Layering – fibre-cement board (exterior) and FR cellulose pinboard (interior) |
[ |
Corrugated Cardboard House by T. Konishi and M. Tamura | Corrugated cardboard | Coatings – urethane resin mixed with a combustion-resistant agent |
[ |
CASTE wall system by Ozlem Ayan | Corrugated cardboard | Layering – steel sheets |
- | Transportable Emergency Cardboard House gen 4 by Jerzy Łątka and Agata Jasiołek | Corrugated cardboard, honeycomb panels | Layering – steel sheets (exterior) |
[ |
Paper House by BAMP! project team form TU Darmstadt | Paperboard, corrugated cardboard, honeycomb panels | Additives – FR paperboard (phosphorus compounds added during paperboard production) |
specimen | ignition | flame reaching 15 cm | maintaining the fire | Charred area (cm2) |
---|---|---|---|---|
0-X-X | yes | no | yes | 67.17 |
1-X-LW | yes | yes | yes | 113.01 |
1-X-O | yes | no | yes | 66.52 |
2-B-X | no | no | no | 31.05 |
2-DP-X | no | no | no | 45.71 |
3-B-LW | no | no | no | 37.11 |
3-B-O | no | no | no | 48.69 |
3-DP-LW | no | no | no | 43.91 |
3-DP-O | yes | no | no | 66.75 |
Area of protection | Midpoint impact category | Unit | Type of specimen | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
non-coated | BA-BX coated | DP coated | |||
Environment quality | agricultural land occupation | 10−1 | 3.51 | 3.51 | 3.52 |
climate change, ecosystems | 10−2 | 6.47 | 6.83 | 6.98 | |
freshwater ecotoxicity | 10−5 | 5.27 | 5.88 | 6.09 | |
freshwater eutrophication | 10−5 | 9.66 | 1.04 | 1.04 | |
marine ecotoxicity | 10−6 | 9.43 | 1.08 | 1.09 | |
natural land transformation | 10−3 | 1.28 | 1.51 | 1.60 | |
terrestrial acidification | 10−4 | 1.18 | 1.40 | 2.43 | |
terrestrial ecotoxicity | 10−4 | 5.12 | 5.21 | 5.59 | |
urban land occupation | 10−3 | 4.85 | 5.11 | 7.40 | |
Human health | climate change, human health | 10−1 | 1.02 | 1.08 | 1.10 |
human toxicity | 10−2 | 3.96 | 4.20 | 4.16 | |
ionising radiation | 10−5 | 9.17 | 9.65 | 1.01 | |
ozone depletion | 10−5 | 1.01 | 1.10 | 1.18 | |
particulate matter formation | 10−2 | 2.55 | 3.15 | 3.78 | |
photochemical oxidant formation | 10−3 | 1.08 | 1.29 | 1.90 | |
Resources | fossil depletion | 10−2 | 5.93 | 6.76 | 7.29 |
metal depletion | 10−2 | 1.02 | 1.28 | 1.29 |