Congenital limb defects in a married female population of the Rahim Yar Khan District in Pakistan

[1] Swanson AB. A classification for congenital limb malformations. J Hand Surg Am. 1976; 1:8–22. SwansonAB A classification for congenital limb malformations J Hand Surg Am 1976 1 8 22 10.1016/S0363-5023(76)80021-4 Search in Google Scholar

[2] Bhatti NA, Mumtaz S, Malik S. Epidemiological study of congenital and hereditary anomalies in Sialkot District of Pakistan revealed a high incidence of limb and neurological disorders. Asian Biomed (Res Rev News). 2019; 13:49–60. BhattiNA MumtazS MalikS Epidemiological study of congenital and hereditary anomalies in Sialkot District of Pakistan revealed a high incidence of limb and neurological disorders Asian Biomed (Res Rev News) 2019 13 49 60 10.1515/abm-2019-0040 Search in Google Scholar

[3] Evans JA, Vitez M, Czeizel A. Congenital abnormalities associated with limb defects: a population study based on cases from the Hungarian Congenital Malformation Registry (1975–1984). Am J Med Genet. 1994; 49:52–66. EvansJA VitezM CzeizelA Congenital abnormalities associated with limb defects: a population study based on cases from the Hungarian Congenital Malformation Registry (1975–1984) Am J Med Genet 1994 49 52 66 10.1002/ajmg.1320490111 Search in Google Scholar

[4] Vasluian E, van der Sluis CK, van Essen AJ, Bergman JE, Dijkstra PU, Reinders-Messelink HA, de Walle HE. Birth prevalence for congenital limb defects in the northern Netherlands: a 30-year population-based study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2013; 14:323. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-14-323 VasluianE van der SluisCK van EssenAJ BergmanJE DijkstraPU Reinders-MesselinkHA de WalleHE Birth prevalence for congenital limb defects in the northern Netherlands: a 30-year population-based study BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2013 14 323 10.1186/1471-2474-14-323 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[5] Rosano A, Botto LD, Olney RS, Khoury MJ, Ritvanen A, Goujard J, et al. Limb defects associated with major congenital anomalies: clinical and epidemiological study from the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Monitoring Systems. Am J Med Genet. 2000; 93:110–6. RosanoA BottoLD OlneyRS KhouryMJ RitvanenA GoujardJ Limb defects associated with major congenital anomalies: clinical and epidemiological study from the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Monitoring Systems Am J Med Genet 2000 93 110 6 10.1002/1096-8628(20000717)93:2<110::AID-AJMG6>3.0.CO;2-9 Search in Google Scholar

[6] Gold NB, Westgate M-N, Holmes LB. Anatomic and etiological classification of congenital limb deficiencies. Am J Med Genet Part A. 2011; 155A:1225–35. GoldNB WestgateM-N HolmesLB Anatomic and etiological classification of congenital limb deficiencies Am J Med Genet Part A 2011 155A 1225 35 10.1002/ajmg.a.33999 Search in Google Scholar

[7] Masood SN, Jamil N, Mumtaz SN, Masood MF, Muneer S. Congenital malformations in newborns of consanguineous and nonconsanguineous parents. Pak J Med Sci. 2011; 27:1–5. MasoodSN JamilN MumtazSN MasoodMF MuneerS Congenital malformations in newborns of consanguineous and nonconsanguineous parents Pak J Med Sci 2011 27 1 5 Search in Google Scholar

[8] Zahra Q, Shuaib M, Malik S. Epidemiology of congenital anomalies in the Kurram Tribal Agency, northwest Pakistan. Asian Biomed (Res Rev News). 2016; 10:591–601. ZahraQ ShuaibM MalikS Epidemiology of congenital anomalies in the Kurram Tribal Agency, northwest Pakistan Asian Biomed (Res Rev News) 2016 10 591 601 Search in Google Scholar

[9] Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. District Census Report of Rahim Yar Khan [internet]. Islamabad: Government of Pakistan; 1998 [cited 2021 May 12]. Available from: https://www.pbs.gov.pk/content/district-glance-raim-yar-khan Pakistan Bureau of Statistics District Census Report of Rahim Yar Khan [internet] Islamabad Government of Pakistan 1998 [cited 2021 May 12]. Available from: https://www.pbs.gov.pk/content/district-glance-raim-yar-khan Search in Google Scholar

[10] Riaz HF, Mannan S, Malik S. Consanguinity and its sociobio-logical parameters in Rahim Yar Khan District, Southern Punjab, Pakistan. J Health Popul Nutr. 2016; 35:14. doi: 10.1186/s41043-016-0049-x RiazHF MannanS MalikS Consanguinity and its sociobio-logical parameters in Rahim Yar Khan District, Southern Punjab, Pakistan J Health Popul Nutr. 2016 35 14 10.1186/s41043-016-0049-x Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[11] von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, Gøtzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP; STROBE Initiative. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. J Clin Epidemiol. 2008; 61:344–9. von ElmE AltmanDG EggerM PocockSJ GøtzschePC VandenbrouckeJP STROBE Initiative The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies J Clin Epidemiol 2008 61 344 9 10.1097/EDE.0b013e3181577654 Search in Google Scholar

[12] Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man. OMIM [internet]. Baltimore (MD): Johns Hopkins University, ©1966–2021 [cited 2021 Jan 16] Available from: https://www.omim.org Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man OMIM [internet] Baltimore (MD) Johns Hopkins University ©1966–2021 [cited 2021 Jan 16] Available from: https://www.omim.org Search in Google Scholar

[13] World Health Organization. International Classification of Disease. ICD-10 [internet]. Geneva: WHO; 2010 [cited 2021 Jan 16] Available from: http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2010/en World Health Organization International Classification of Disease. ICD-10 [internet] Geneva WHO 2010 [cited 2021 Jan 16] Available from: http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2010/en Search in Google Scholar

[14] Pagano M, Gauvreau K. Principles of biostatistics. 2nd ed. Pacific Grove (CA): Duxbury Press; 2000. PaganoM GauvreauK Principles of biostatistics 2nd ed. Pacific Grove (CA) Duxbury Press 2000 Search in Google Scholar

[15] Malik S, Schott J, Ali SW, Oeffner F, Amin-ud-Din M, Ahmad W, et al. Evidence for clinical and genetic heterogeneity of syndactyly type I: the phenotype of second and third toe syndactyly maps to chromosome 3p21.31. Eur J Hum Genet. 2005; 13:1268–74. MalikS SchottJ AliSW OeffnerF Amin-ud-DinM AhmadW Evidence for clinical and genetic heterogeneity of syndactyly type I: the phenotype of second and third toe syndactyly maps to chromosome 3p21.31 Eur J Hum Genet 2005 13 1268 74 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201492 Search in Google Scholar

[16] Malik S. Syndactyly: phenotypes, genetics and current classification. Eur J Hum Genet. 2012; 20:817–24. MalikS Syndactyly: phenotypes, genetics and current classification Eur J Hum Genet 2012 20 817 24 10.1038/ejhg.2012.14 Search in Google Scholar

[17] Malik S. Polydactyly: phenotypes, genetics and classification. Clin Genet. 2014; 85:203–12. MalikS Polydactyly: phenotypes, genetics and classification Clin Genet 2014 85 203 12 10.1111/cge.1227624020795 Search in Google Scholar

[18] Malik S, Riaz HF. Terminal transverse deficiency of fingers, symbrachydactyly with anonychia of toes, and congenital scalp defect: case report of a subject with Adams-Oliver syndrome. Pak J Med Sci. 2012; 28:231–4. MalikS RiazHF Terminal transverse deficiency of fingers, symbrachydactyly with anonychia of toes, and congenital scalp defect: case report of a subject with Adams-Oliver syndrome Pak J Med Sci 2012 28 231 4 Search in Google Scholar

[19] Riaz HF, Malik S. Case report of a neonate with congenital transverse deficiency of hand. Pak J Med Sci. 2011; 27:1177–80. RiazHF MalikS Case report of a neonate with congenital transverse deficiency of hand Pak J Med Sci 2011 27 1177 80 Search in Google Scholar

[20] Jaruratanasirikul S, Tangtrakulwanich B, Rachatawiriyakul P, Sriplung H, Limpitikul W, Dissaneevate P, et al. Prevalence of congenital limb defects: data from birth defects registries in three provinces in Southern Thailand. Congenit Anom (Kyoto). 2016; 56:203–8. JaruratanasirikulS TangtrakulwanichB RachatawiriyakulP SriplungH LimpitikulW DissaneevateP Prevalence of congenital limb defects: data from birth defects registries in three provinces in Southern Thailand Congenit Anom (Kyoto) 2016 56 203 8 10.1111/cga.1215427580948 Search in Google Scholar

[21] Finley WH, Gustavson KH, Hall TM, Hurst DC, Barganier CM, Wiedmeyer JA. Birth defects surveillance: Jefferson County, Alabama, and Uppsala County, Sweden. South Med J. 1994; 87:440–5. FinleyWH GustavsonKH HallTM HurstDC BarganierCM WiedmeyerJA Birth defects surveillance: Jefferson County, Alabama, and Uppsala County, Sweden South Med J 1994 87 440 5 10.1097/00007611-199404000-000048153768 Search in Google Scholar

[22] EUROCAT Network. Prevalence charts and tables. [internet]. Brussels: European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC); 2021 [cited 2021 May 25]. Available from: https://eu-rd-platform.jrc.ec.europa.eu/eurocat/eurocat-data/prevalence_en EUROCAT Network Prevalence charts and tables. [internet] Brussels European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC) 2021 [cited 2021 May 25]. Available from: https://eu-rd-platform.jrc.ec.europa.eu/eurocat/eurocat-data/prevalence_en Search in Google Scholar

[23] Lenz W. Phenocopies. J Med Genet. 1973; 10:34–49. LenzW Phenocopies J Med Genet 1973 10 34 49 10.1136/jmg.10.1.3410129744354695 Search in Google Scholar