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Figure 1:

Symptoms induced by Meloidogyne enterolobii Yang and Eisenback, 1983 in guava. A: infested guava plant; B: infected plant root showing heavy galling.
Symptoms induced by Meloidogyne enterolobii Yang and Eisenback, 1983 in guava. A: infested guava plant; B: infected plant root showing heavy galling.

Figure 2:

Photomicrographs of perineal patterns of Meloidogyne enterolobii Yang and Eisenback, 1983. (scale bar = 20 µm).
Photomicrographs of perineal patterns of Meloidogyne enterolobii Yang and Eisenback, 1983. (scale bar = 20 µm).

Figure 3:

Photomicrographs of female, male, and second-stage juveniles (J2s). A: Anterior end of female; B, C: Anterior ends of male (lateral, dorsal); D: Posterior end of male; E, F: Anterior ends of J2; G, H: Posterior ends of J2 (arrow showing the constriction). (scale bar = 20 µm).
Photomicrographs of female, male, and second-stage juveniles (J2s). A: Anterior end of female; B, C: Anterior ends of male (lateral, dorsal); D: Posterior end of male; E, F: Anterior ends of J2; G, H: Posterior ends of J2 (arrow showing the constriction). (scale bar = 20 µm).

Figure 4:

Biochemical and molecular characterization of Meloidogyne enterolobii Yang and Eisenback, 1983 population isolated from Tamil Nadu, India. A: Esterase enzyme phenotypic pattern (J3: M. javanica (Treub, 1885) Chitwood, 1949; M2: M. enterolobii Yang and Eisenback, 1983); B: PCR amplification with SCAR marker (M: DNA weight marker; lanes 1 and 2: M. incognita (Kofoid and White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 control; lane 3: M. javanica (Treub, 1885) Chitwood, 1949 control; lanes 4-6: M. enterolobii Yang and Eisenback, 1983 populations).
Biochemical and molecular characterization of Meloidogyne enterolobii Yang and Eisenback, 1983 population isolated from Tamil Nadu, India. A: Esterase enzyme phenotypic pattern (J3: M. javanica (Treub, 1885) Chitwood, 1949; M2: M. enterolobii Yang and Eisenback, 1983); B: PCR amplification with SCAR marker (M: DNA weight marker; lanes 1 and 2: M. incognita (Kofoid and White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 control; lane 3: M. javanica (Treub, 1885) Chitwood, 1949 control; lanes 4-6: M. enterolobii Yang and Eisenback, 1983 populations).

Morphometrics of Meloidogyne enterolobii Yang and Eisenback, 1983 males from Tamil Nadu, India; compared with earlier descriptions of M. enterolobii.

Characters Present population (n = 20) M. enterolobii Yang and Eisenback, 1983 M. enterolobii (Karssen et al., 2012)
Body length 1089.1±236.6 (800-1460) 1599.8±159.91 (1348.6-1913.3) 1230±316 (865-1667)
Body width 27.0±3.7 (20.9-33.2) 42.3±3.5 (37.0-48.3) 32.0±6.0 (23.7-39.2)
Tail length 12.5±2.24 (8.6-20.2) 11.9±1.2 (10.2-13.4)
Lip height 5.9±0.5 (4.7-6.6)
Lip width 9.9±0.7 (8.5-11.4)
Stylet length 21.2±1.3 (19.0-22.8) 23.4±0.96 (21.2-25.5) 21.5±1.7 (19.2-23.4)
Stylet cone 9.7±0.8 (8.5-11.4)
Stylet shaft 8.3±0.6 (7.1-9.5)
Stylet knob length 3.2±0.5 (2.3-3.8) 3.3±0.33 (2.6-3.9) 2.5±0.3 (2.1-3.2)
Stylet knob width 4.3±0.4 (3.8-7.6) 5.4±0.34 (4.5-5.8) 4.5±0.6 (3.5-5.0)
DEGO 5.3±1.0 (3.8-7.6) 4.7±0.4 (3.7-5.3) 4.7±0.6 (3.7-5.8)
Head-metacorpus 86.2±7.9 (74.1-101.6)
Metacarpus length 20.1±2.5 (17.1-25.6)
Metacarpus width 9.5±0.9 (8.5-11.4)
Metacarpus-gland end 111.3±12.7 (93.1-133.0)
Head-SE pore 130.4±21.7 (86.4-153.9) 178.2±11.2 (159.7-206.2) 155.8±22.3 (129.9-199.7)
Spicule length 25.2±4.3 (17.1-31.3) 30.4±1.2 (27.3-32.1) 28.0±1.1 (26.2-29.4)
Gubernaculum length 7.5±0.8 (5.7-8.5) 6.2±1.0 (4.8-8.0) 6.5±0.8 (6.1-8.0)
Testis length 300.9±84.4 (190.0-422.7)
a 40.2±6.0 (32.1-51.2) 37.9± 3.2 (34.1-45.5) 38.1±4.0 (30.0-43.4)
b″ 12.58±2.21 (9.9-16.1)
Body length/head end to posterior end of metacorpus 15.8±1.32 (13.8-18.4) -
c 131.6±24.1 (72.0-173.4) 103.2±23.7 (71.4-135.9)

Morphometrics of Meloidogyne enterolobii Yang and Eisenback, 1983 second-stage juveniles (J2s) from Tamil Nadu, India; compared with earlier descriptions of M. enterolobii.

Character Present population (n = 20) M. enterolobii Yang and Eisenback, 1983 M. enterolobii (Karssen et al., 2012)
Body length 413.5±26.7 (375-460) 436.6±16.6 (405.0-472.9) 408±18 (380-442)
Body width 13.9±1.5 (12.3-17.1) 15.3±0.9 (13.9-17.8) 14.8±2.1 (11.0-18.0)
Body width at anus 10.2±1.3 (8.5-13.3) 9.8±0.9 (8.0-11.0)
a 30.0±3.2 (24.1-35.2) 28.6±1.9 (24.0-32.5) 28.0±3.7 (23.3-34.6)
Stylet length 12.1±0.4 (11.4-12.3) 11.7±0.5 (10.8-13.0) 11.3±0.7 (10.5-13.0)
Stylet knob height 1.6±0.1 (1.9-1.8) 1.8±0.3 (1.5-2.0)
Stylet knob width 2.9±0.2 (2.4-3.4) 3.0±0.4 (2.5-4.0)
Stylet base to head end 15.0±0.7 (14.0-16.0)
DGO 2.8±0.3 (2.3-3.8) 3.4±0.3 (2.8-4.3) 3.8±0.3 (3.0-4.5)
Length median bulb 12.3±0.7 (11.4-13.3)
Width median bulb 7.5±0.9 (6.6-9.5)
Head-metacorpus 56.1±2.3 (51.3-59.8)
b″ 7.3±0.5 (6.3-8.4)
Head-SE pore 78.9±4.3 (73.1-92.1) 91.7±3.3 (84.0-98.6) 80.8±4.4 (70.0-88.0)
Tail length 50.1±7.0 (42.7-75.1) 56.4±4.5 (41.5-63.4) 52.1±3.4 (45.0-57.0)
c 8.3±1.0 (6.1-10.6) 7.8±0.7 (6.8-10.1) 7.9±0.6 (7.0-9.0)
Body length/head end to posterior end of metacorpus 6.5±0.1 (6.2-6.9)
Hyaline tail terminus length 13.5±1.31 (11.4-16.1)
c′ 4.9±0.5 (4.3-5.7)
Rectum inflated all

Morphometrics of Meloidogyne enterolobii Yang and Eisenback, 1983 females from Tamil Nadu, India; compared with earlier descriptions of M. enterolobii.

Characters Present population (n = 20) M. enterolobii Yang and Eisenback, 1983 M. enterolobii (Karssen et al., 2012)
Body length 617.0±59.7 (520-710) 735.0±92.8 (541.3-926.3) 693
Body width 465.5±54.8 (380-580) 606.8±120.5 (375.7-809.7) 462
Neck length 218.4±74.1 (114.3-466.8) 262
Stylet length 13.4±0.4 (13.1-14.2) 15.1±1.35 (13.2-18.0) 14.7
Stylet knob height 2.4±0.26 (1.9-3.1) 2.3
Stylet knob width 4.9±0.39 (4.1-5.6) 4.5
Stylet cone 6.3±1.2 (5.6-9.5)
DEGO 4.3±0.6 (3.7-5.7) 4.9±0.78 (3.7-6.2) 4.8
Length median bulb 36.1±3.3 (31.0-42.7)
Width median bulb 26.6±4.6 (20.6-35.7)
Excretory pore to head end 64.9±3.4 (57.7-69.6) 62.9±10.5 (42.3-80.6) 64.0
Length vulva-slit 24.8±1.4 (22.8-27.5) 28.7±2.0 (25.3–32.4) 28.0±1.0 (25.9-29.1)
Inter-phasmid distance 24.6±3.4 (19.0-29.4) 30.7±4.8 (22.2-42.0) 33.5±7.6 (22.4-41.9)
Vulva-anus 20.2±0.9 (19.0-21.8) 22.2±1.8 (19.7-26.6) 23.4±1.6 (21.1-26.2)
Vulval slit-tail terminus 32.9±2.1 (29.4-37.0)
a 1.3±0.1 (1.1-1.5) 1.2±0.2 (0.9-1.9)
Body length/head end to posterior end of metacorpus 7.1±0.9 (5.1-9.3)
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